Occupational Medicine-Oxford最新文献_第4页

Occupation and 11-year lung function decline in the HUNT Study. HUNT研究中职业与11年肺功能下降的关系。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae115

L Aarhus, Ø Skare, K-C Nordby, A Gulsvik, S Vikjord, L Hedman, A Langhammer

{"title":"Occupation and 11-year lung function decline in the HUNT Study.","authors":"L Aarhus, Ø Skare, K-C Nordby, A Gulsvik, S Vikjord, L Hedman, A Langhammer","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae115","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae115","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The association between occupational titles and lung function has mostly been examined through cross-sectional studies. Preventive measures are expected to mitigate adverse effects; hence, updated estimates are necessary.Aims: To study change in lung function measured by spirometry across occupations.Methods: This population-based prospective cohort study comprised 5618 working adult participants of the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3, 2005-07), Norway. Among these, 3800 individuals (43% men, mean age 42 years, range 20-55) also attended HUNT4 (2017-19). We analysed longitudinal decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) z-score during the 11-year follow-up by occupation (white-collar workers as reference category), in mixed models, adjusting for age, sex and smoking. We assessed the prevalence of self-reported respiratory symptoms and disease in the working population in HUNT4 (n = 32 124) and HUNT3 (n = 32 070).Results: Compared with white-collar workers, agricultural workers and 'drivers and mobile plant operators', had larger declines in FEV1z-score during follow-up. In sex-stratified analyses, men defined as agricultural workers and 'drivers and mobile plant operators' had larger declines than white-collar workers. Among women, who were underrepresented in many blue-collar jobs, workers classified as 'machine operators and assemblers' experienced greater declines. In the working population in HUNT4, the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in connection with work was 8%, and lower among white-collar workers (6%) than blue-collar workers (14%).Conclusions: Although certain workers in Norway remain at risk for occupational lung function decline, there were modest differences between occupations. The findings encourage continuous efforts to implement preventive measures in high-risk jobs.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":" ","pages":"676-683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11738164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A narrative review of occupational solar ultraviolet radiation in Britain and skin cancer. 英国职业性太阳紫外线辐射与皮肤癌的述评。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae101

J W Cherrie

{"title":"A narrative review of occupational solar ultraviolet radiation in Britain and skin cancer.","authors":"J W Cherrie","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae101","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae101","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Occupational exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) is known to cause malignant melanoma (MM) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). However, knowledge of the causal associations has developed erratically.Aims: This review aims to identify when it was accepted that workplace solar UV exposure could cause skin cancer and when it was recognized that there was a risk for outdoor workers in Britain, identifying the steps employers should have taken to protect their workers.Methods: Informative reviews, published since 1974, were located through a systematic literature search. These were used to chart changes in summative knowledge of the role of occupational solar UV exposure in causing skin cancer. An assessment was made of the identified hazards of skin cancer and the recognition of risks for outdoor workers in Britain.Results: From at least 1975, it has been accepted that occupational solar UV exposure could cause squamous cell carcinoma, and from around 2011 for MM and basal cell carcinoma. From 2004, repeated sunburn at work was identified as a likely cause of MM. From 1999, it was accepted that occupational solar UV exposure causes NMSC amongst British workers, and from 2012 there was limited evidence for an MM risk for outdoor workers in northern European countries.Conclusions: Skin cancer risks for British outdoor workers should be actively managed and they should have health surveillance. Outdoor workers who have skin cancer should be eligible for compensation.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":"74 9","pages":"654-659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11738172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying the sources of mercury exposure in dental workers. 确定牙科工作者接触汞的来源。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae107

W Chuthong, S Trakulsrichai, P Sirinara

引用次数: 0

North Pole holiday elves: occupational health and the workshop. 北极假期精灵：职业健康与工作间。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae122

E Persaud

引用次数: 0

Strong inorganic acid mists and respiratory tract cancers: a meta-analysis. 强无机酸雾与呼吸道癌症：荟萃分析。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae089

M S Seyyedsalehi, A Di Lorenzo, L Vimercati, P Boffetta

{"title":"Strong inorganic acid mists and respiratory tract cancers: a meta-analysis.","authors":"M S Seyyedsalehi, A Di Lorenzo, L Vimercati, P Boffetta","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae089","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae089","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exposure to strong inorganic acid mists (SIAMs) in the workplace has been linked to respiratory tract cancers.Aims: We conducted a meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies examining the association between occupational SIAMs and respiratory tract cancers other than laryngeal cancer, which is already established.Methods: Studies mentioned in the 1992 IARC Monograph on carcinogenicity of SIAMs were combined with later studies identified from a systematic search of Scopus, PubMed and Embase. Forest plots of relative risks (RR) and odds ratios were constructed for the 34 identified studies. A random-effects model was used to address heterogeneity.Results: An association between the roles associated with occupational SIAMs exposure and risk of lung (RR = 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-1.32), and nasal cancers (RR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.16-9.41) was found. The risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer was also associated with SIAMs exposure-related roles (RR = 1.59, 95% CI = 0.98-2.57). Results did not differ by study design, gender or outcome for all three cancers. A positive association for lung cancer was found with chemical (RR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.13-1.38), and metal and steel industries (RR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.04-1.37), as well as for oral and pharyngeal cancer with chemical industry (RR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.57-1.89). We checked publication bias for lung (p = 0.35), oral and pharyngeal (p = 0.02) and nasal cancer (p = 0.40).Conclusions: Our study showed an association between occupational SIAM exposure and risk of lung, nasal, and possibly oral and pharyngeal cancers. However, weaknesses in the recording of confounding and exposure data in the currently available literature were found.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":"74 9","pages":"632-638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Updated systematic review of respiratory health surveillance: what is the evidence and what are the knowledge gaps? 呼吸系统健康监测的最新系统回顾：有哪些证据和知识差距？

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae086

Damien M McElvenny, Ruth Wiggans, Jennie Hoyle, David Fishwick, Martie van Tongeren

引用次数: 0

Shift work, thyroid function and liver function among subway workers. 地铁工人轮班工作、甲状腺功能和肝功能。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae111

F Yu, J Liu, T Qu, M Zhao, J Wang, S Jiang, L Ge, F Ye, L Liu, Z He, S Zhang

{"title":"Shift work, thyroid function and liver function among subway workers.","authors":"F Yu, J Liu, T Qu, M Zhao, J Wang, S Jiang, L Ge, F Ye, L Liu, Z He, S Zhang","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae111","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae111","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Shift work is associated with an increased risk of liver injury. However, whether and how shift work alters liver function remains unclear.Aims: This study aimed to investigate the associations between shift work and the liver function parameters, and further explore the mediating roles of thyroid function indicators.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving a convenience sample of 724 subway workers. Multivariate linear regression models were adopted to approximate the effect values for the associations of shift work with liver function parameters and thyroid function indicators. Mediation analyses were used to explore the roles of thyroid function indicators in the association between shift work and liver function parameters.Results: Shift work was associated with increased levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total triiodothyronine (TT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) (β = 6.309, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.739-9.879, β = 0.328, 95% CI 0.242-0.415 and β = 2.913, 95% CI 1.502-2.884, respectively). In stratification analysis, the positive association between shift work and TT3, FT3 and FT4 was more pronounced among people >30 years old. The increase in shift worker FT3 and aspartate transaminase levels was stronger among alcohol users. Mediation analysis showed that TT3 and FT4 mediated 39% and 29% of the associations between shift work and the increased level of ALP, respectively (all P < 0.05).Conclusions: The results suggest that shift work is associated with increased ALP levels of subway workers, which is partly mediated by the increase of TT3 and FT4 levels.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":"74 9","pages":"668-675"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long COVID in healthcare workers: longitudinal mixed-methods study. 医护人员的长期 COVID：纵向混合方法研究。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae113

A Grant, N N Adams, E MacIver, D Skåtun, N Scott, C Kennedy, F Douglas, V Hernandez-Santiago, N Torrance

{"title":"Long COVID in healthcare workers: longitudinal mixed-methods study.","authors":"A Grant, N N Adams, E MacIver, D Skåtun, N Scott, C Kennedy, F Douglas, V Hernandez-Santiago, N Torrance","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae113","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) report higher rates of long coronavirus disease (COVID) (LC) than other occupational groups. It is still unclear whether LC is a lifelong condition. Workforce shortfalls are apparent due to sick leave, reduced hours and lower productivity.Aims: To investigate the lived experience of LC on a range of HCWs, including impact on health-related quality-of-life (HRQL), use of health services, working and personal lives and household finances.Methods: Longitudinal mixed methods with online surveys and qualitative interviews 6-months apart. HCWs including healthcare professionals, ancillary and administration staff who self-report LC were recruited through social media and National Health Service channels. Interviewees were purposively sampled from survey responses.Results: The first survey was completed by 471 HCWs (S1) and 302 (64%) the follow-up (S2). A total of 50 HCWs were interviewed initially and 44 at second interview. All participants experienced various relapsing, remitting, changing and prolonged LC symptoms (mean 7.1 [SD 4.8] at S2) and a third reported day-to-day activities 'limited a lot'. Most participants were working in a reduced capacity: reduced hours, different role or location. Healthcare was limited, and often unsatisfactory. Participants feared reinfection, their future, ability to work and financial security (59% (n = 174) at S2). They experienced stigma, distress, grief for their former self and some felt unsupported, however, as awareness of LC grew some experienced improved understanding and support.Conclusions: Most participants continued working, managing complex and dynamic symptoms effecting their everyday life and ability to work. Most did not report significant improvements over time and feared for their future and financial security.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental health and rapid societal evolution: an occupational prevention challenge. 心理健康和快速社会演变：职业预防的挑战。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae130

Antonello Veltri, Fabrizio Caldi, Rodolfo Buselli

引用次数: 0

Exposure to procedural ionizing radiation and cancer risk among physicians. 医生暴露于手术电离辐射与癌症风险。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae093

A N Simpson, R Sutradhar, E McArthur, P Tanuseputro, A Bharatha, J G Ray

{"title":"Exposure to procedural ionizing radiation and cancer risk among physicians.","authors":"A N Simpson, R Sutradhar, E McArthur, P Tanuseputro, A Bharatha, J G Ray","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae093","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae093","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physicians in certain specialities are routinely exposed to procedural ionizing radiation. Their risk of cancer is unknown, including by cancer sub-types.Aims: To assess cancer risk among exposed physicians.Methods: This population-based case-control study was completed in Ontario, Canada, where healthcare is universal, using linkage of physician billing claims to a province-wide cancer registry. Up to five cancer-free physician controls were matched to each cancer-affected physician, by sex, and both age at and year of, entry into practice. Cumulative exposure to procedural ionizing radiation was captured by physician billing claims. Conditional logistic regression generated an odds ratio (OR) of cancer per 1000 procedures performed and as a binary exposure comparing physicians above the upper 95th percentile cumulative number of procedures (≥200) to those below this cut point.Results: Mean (standard deviation) age of the 1265 cases and 5772 non-cancer controls was 39.7 (10.7) and 37.7 (9.0) years, and 45% and 49% were female, respectively. After a median (interquartile ranges) of 13.0 (6.9-20.4) and 12.5 (6.5-20.1) years of lookback among cases and controls, the OR of cancer was 1.02 (95% confidence interval 0.99-1.05; P = NS) per 1000 additional procedures performed. Modelling the cumulative exposure to procedures nonlinearly did not change the observed association (P > 0.40 for each). Comparing physicians above versus below the upper 95th percentile cumulative number of procedures, the OR of cancer was 1.23 (95% confidence interval 0.75-2.01, P = NS).Conclusions: Physician exposure to procedural ionizing radiation was not associated with a higher risk of cancer. Measures that minimize radiation exposure should continue.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":" ","pages":"612-618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0