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[What use of biological markers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and associated disorders?]. [生物标志物在阿尔茨海默病及相关疾病诊断中的作用?]
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-03-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2009.0189
Pierre Krolak-Salmon
{"title":"[What use of biological markers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and associated disorders?].","authors":"Pierre Krolak-Salmon","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2009.0189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Etiological diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia requires combined clinical, neuropsychological, biological and neuro-imaging clues. The diagnostic value of biological and neuro-imaging biomarkers has recently increased according to neuropathological studies. Biomarkers help for making the in vivo diagnosis of underlying histological lesions, sometimes of combined lesions. Sensitivity and specificity of CSF biomarkers, i.e. tau, phospho-tau and amyloid, is now over 85% for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis at the dementia and MCI stages. Brain MRI can suggest mild AD when depicting medial temporal lobe atrophy. DAT-SCAN(R) is indicated in cases suspected to have Lewy body dementia when parkinsonism is lacking. Metabolism and blood flow impairments observed by PET and SPECT in posterior cortical areas, in particular in posterior cingulate and parieto-temporo-occipital junction, are highly suggestive of AD in atypical cases. International research is currently focalised on research of possible serum biomarkers and neuro-imaging techniques using tracers targeting the specific AD lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"8 1","pages":"25-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2009.0189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28765551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
[Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease]. [阿尔茨海默病的诊断]。
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-03-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0202
Christian Derouesné
{"title":"[Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease].","authors":"Christian Derouesné","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2010.0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2010.0202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"8 1","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2010.0202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28765547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Identity and aging: psychosocial approaches]. [身份与衰老:社会心理方法]。
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2009.0195
Marianna Danko, Christiane Arnaud, Marie-Christine Gély-Nargeot
{"title":"[Identity and aging: psychosocial approaches].","authors":"Marianna Danko,&nbsp;Christiane Arnaud,&nbsp;Marie-Christine Gély-Nargeot","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2009.0195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review is devoted to the notion of identity with regard to the process of aging from various approaches in social sciences. Continuity or transformation of identity is challenged in advanced age according to the place reserved in the society for the elderly subjects and their social age groups. Study methods are discussed in relation with the theoretical models, and their relevance to address aging people singularity and influence of environment. Changes of identity among elderly subjects appear to proceed in two ways. In the first one, called \"rebirth\", they establish a new self. In the second way, termed \"turning point\", better strategy for coping the aging effects is obtained by revealing untapped dimensions of the Self.</p>","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"7 4","pages":"231-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2009.0195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28611614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
[Spaced-retrieval in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Critical review and clinical applications]. 阿尔茨海默病患者的空间检索。关键审查和临床应用]。
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0188
Jérôme Erkes, Stéphane Raffard, Thierry Meulemans
{"title":"[Spaced-retrieval in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Critical review and clinical applications].","authors":"Jérôme Erkes,&nbsp;Stéphane Raffard,&nbsp;Thierry Meulemans","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2010.0188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2010.0188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Memory deficit is the most common and invalidating cognitive impairment in subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD). So far, pharmacological treatment shows little efficacy on the memory deficits. Recent studies have shown that specific cognitive remediation techniques can help compensating for memory deficits in AD dementia, even in advanced stages. Spaced retrieval is a technique based on recalling information over progressively longer intervals of time. It helps the patients with dementia learning and memorizing new information and is particularly suited for activities of daily life improvement. This paper first review the efficacy of this method in different types of dementia and more specifically in Alzheimer's disease; second, the cognitive mechanisms underlying spaced retrieval and the cognitive and clinical factors determining its efficacy are presented. Then the advantages and feasibility of the spaced retrieval technique in common clinical practice are discussed, and specific recommendations are given.</p>","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"7 4","pages":"275-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2010.0188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28611618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
[Alzheimer disease]. (阿尔茨海默病)。
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2009.0197
Gilles Berrut
{"title":"[Alzheimer disease].","authors":"Gilles Berrut","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2009.0197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0197","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of Review: This article reviews marketed pharmacologic treatments for Alzheimer disease as well as their efficacy, effectiveness, adverse effects, and issues involved in their use, including duration of treatment, adverse events, and controversies. Current experimental drug development, including challenges to developing successful drugs for Alzheimer disease, are also reviewed and assessed. Recent Findings: Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are the available pharmacologic treatment options. They show limited clinical effects over the shorter term for some patients, mild to moderate cholinergic adverse effects in a minority of patients, and potentially underappreciated toxicity over the longer term. No subsequent experimental drug in development has been successful thus far; there has not been a new drug marketed for Alzheimer disease since 2003. Summary: Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are marketed for the treatment of Alzheimer disease. Drug development programs aimed at new targets, including the amyloid- \" cascade, have been unsuccessful thus far despite their designs to detect very small or minimal clinical effects from the experimental drugs. Marked advances in preclinical science nevertheless support a basis for considerable optimism that effective interventions will be found soon.","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"7 Spec No 1 ","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2009.0197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28635713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Assessment of episodic memory in illiterate elderly]. [对老年文盲情景记忆的评估]。
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2009.0184
Frédéric Dessi, Didier Maillet, Elodie Metivet, Alain Michault, Hervé Le Clésiau, Anne-Marie Ergis, Catherine Belin
{"title":"[Assessment of episodic memory in illiterate elderly].","authors":"Frédéric Dessi,&nbsp;Didier Maillet,&nbsp;Elodie Metivet,&nbsp;Alain Michault,&nbsp;Hervé Le Clésiau,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Ergis,&nbsp;Catherine Belin","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2009.0184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing cognitive functions in illiterate people is a difficult task because most of the neuropsychological tests exploring episodic memory have been validated in formally educated people, are based on verbal material and, therefore, require a good knowledge of language. Two episodic memory tests (TNI93 and TMA93) designed to be used for cognitive impairment screening in illiterate people have been designed, then validated in a multicultural low-educated population. Four hundred and thirty seven subjects aged 60 and over, living in the Seine-Saint-Denis district, received a medical check up offered by the National Health Service and their episodic memory performance was examined with these screening tests. The performance obtained on these tests depends both on age and educational level, as expected. Normative data for screening purpose in population with low education and/or not fluent with the language of the examiner are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"7 4","pages":"287-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2009.0184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28613251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
[Brain functional imaging in Alzheimer's disease]. [阿尔茨海默病的脑功能成像]。
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2009.0193
Laura Ravasi, Franck Semah
{"title":"[Brain functional imaging in Alzheimer's disease].","authors":"Laura Ravasi,&nbsp;Franck Semah","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2009.0193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease is nowadays the leading cause of dementia. It affects more than a third of people over 85 years old. The gold standard diagnostic proof is currently based upon pathology examination. It seems rather crucial to find methodologies that make an early and accurate in vivo diagnosis so as to offer the patient the most suitable treatment. We hereby go over several available neuro-imaging techniques used in nuclear medicine that increase the diagnostic accuracy of Alzheimer's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"7 Spec No 1 ","pages":"21-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2009.0193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28635716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
[Strategy and methods of cognitive rehabilitation in patients with Alzheimer's disease or other dementia]. [阿尔茨海默病或其他痴呆症患者认知康复的策略和方法]。
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2009.0182
Anne Jacquemin
{"title":"[Strategy and methods of cognitive rehabilitation in patients with Alzheimer's disease or other dementia].","authors":"Anne Jacquemin","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2009.0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individual cognitive rehabilitation of patients with Alzheimer's disease or other dementia is based on two principles: the understanding of the cognitive symptomatology (that is of the preserved and altered capacities) and the therapeutic contract, that sets the patient in the patient's center of the therapy. Therapy should be individualised, using facilitation techniques of learning or relearning and external assistance, to improve the quality of life and autonomy of the patients in the early stages of the disease. With the progression of dementia, the therapist, who has a cognitive and human knowledge of the patient, may continue to help the patient even if the objectives are not cognitive anymore.</p>","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"7 4","pages":"265-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2009.0182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28611617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
[Caregiver burden in dementia: relationships with the activities of daily living, behavioral, and psychological symptoms]. [痴呆症中的照顾者负担:与日常生活活动、行为和心理症状的关系]。
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2009.0192
Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière, Martine Vercelletto
{"title":"[Caregiver burden in dementia: relationships with the activities of daily living, behavioral, and psychological symptoms].","authors":"Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière,&nbsp;Martine Vercelletto","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2009.0192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of Alzheimer disease and other dementia is increasing. Caregivers' burden is a major determinant of patient's institutionalization. Therefore, it seems relevant to take it into account to postpone nursing home placement. Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI) is the most widely used tool to assess the caregiver burden. Recent studies have shown that it is not correlated to the patients' daily functional abilities, but to the patient's level of behavioral disturbances. It also depends on how they are experienced by the caregiver and, in particular, on the caregiver's personality. This encourages the development of caregiver group interventions aimed to improve their coping strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"7 Spec No 1 ","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2009.0192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28635715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
[Systemic family therapy in the context of Alzheimer's disease: a theoretical and practical approach]. [阿尔茨海默病背景下的系统家庭治疗:理论和实践方法]。
Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2009.0183
Inge Cantegreil-Kallen, Anne-Sophie Rigaud
{"title":"[Systemic family therapy in the context of Alzheimer's disease: a theoretical and practical approach].","authors":"Inge Cantegreil-Kallen,&nbsp;Anne-Sophie Rigaud","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2009.0183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease has a negative impact on family relationships and may trigger conflicts between the main caregiver and other family members. The systemic approach evidences the impact of dementia on structural and functional characteristics of the family system. Systemic family therapy is especially indicated in crisis situations such as emergency hospitalization or institutionalization of the patient, and when the family members do not agree on when and how to introduce care and support services at the patient's home. In this case, the aim of the intervention is to restore the communication between all the family members in order to find an agreement for the best management of the patients. Since September 2006, systemic family therapy has been offered in the memory clinic of the Broca Hospital to families having a member suffering from Alzheimer's disease. The involvement of the families was accomplished by the direct participation of the patient, main caregiver (spouse), grown-up children and grandchildren. The aim was to obtain an agreement for the access of support and care services at home from all the family members. The intervention was based on a step-by-step procedure and comprehended five sessions. The primary results of a pilot study are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"7 4","pages":"253-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2009.0183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28611616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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