Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement最新文献

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvj4svzh.6

C. Derouesné

引用次数: 0

[Self-reference effect and episodic memory in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease: myth or reality?]. [自我参照效应和情景记忆在正常衰老和阿尔茨海默病中的作用:神话还是现实?]

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0231

Jennifer Lalanne, Pauline Grolleau, Pascale Piolino

{"title":"[Self-reference effect and episodic memory in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease: myth or reality?].","authors":"Jennifer Lalanne, Pauline Grolleau, Pascale Piolino","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2010.0231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2010.0231","url":null,"abstract":"The Self is defined as a dynamic structure of self-referent-cognitive processes and a set of multidimensional representations stored in memory. This paper aims to explore the links between the Self and memorization of information, thus we propose to review the Self-reference effect (SRE) on memory processes and its neural basis in young and older adults. The literature reports a strong benefit from self-referencing on the encoding and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Indeed, the individuals demonstrate a better retention of information previously processed in relation with their preexisting self-knowledge. The SRE is supported by a well-known self-schema highly activated in information processing; its involvement would be relatively natural and therefore effortless. Self-referencing also influences the feeling of remembering during recollection via autonoetic consciousness. The cerebral correlates of Self-reference processing involve principally cortical midline structures such as prefrontal, cingular and parietal cortices. Then, we also address the question of the persistence of SRE in Alzheimer's disease. Although patients at an early stage of dementia present anterograde and retrograde amnesia as well as an alteration of their sense of identity, we report first evidences for the persistence of SRE in Alzheimer's disease. Finally, we discuss the perspectives of Self-referencing for the creation of new non-medical therapies of memory deficits.","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"8 4","pages":"277-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2010.0231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29526314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

[Editorial. Sleep disorders in the elderly]. (编辑。老年人的睡眠障碍[j]。

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0234

Christian Derouesné

引用次数: 0

[Psychotherapy of patients with brain lesions: an integrative model based on neuropsychological and psychodynamic perspectives]. [脑损伤患者的心理治疗:基于神经心理学和心理动力学视角的综合模型]。

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0229

Lisa Ouss-Ryngaert

引用次数: 6

[Vitamin D and cognition in the elderly]. [维生素D与老年人认知]。

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0233

Thierry Constans, Karl Mondon, Cédric Annweiler, Caroline Hommet

{"title":"[Vitamin D and cognition in the elderly].","authors":"Thierry Constans, Karl Mondon, Cédric Annweiler, Caroline Hommet","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2010.0233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2010.0233","url":null,"abstract":"The understanding of the role of vitamin D in maintaining good health has considerably increased in the recent years. There is a growing evidence that vitamin D has not only a beneficial effect to prevent osteoporosis and the risk of falls in the elderly, but also may reduce incidence of cancers, infections, autoimmune, cardiovascular and neurologic diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Laboratory studies yield a biological plausibility for a positive contribution of vitamin D to brain functions: vitamin D receptor and 1,α-hydroxylase, the terminal calcitriol-activating enzyme, are widely distributed in both the fetal and adult brain. Vitamin D may be involved in neuroprotection, control of proinflammatory cytokine induced cognitive dysfunction and synthesis of calcium-binding proteins and neurotransmitter acetylcholine. However, the observational studies conducted in humans are still inconclusive, given the various tests of the cognitive functions that have been used, the performance of the studies either in patients or in healthy subjects, and different designs and/or confounding factors. The role of the vitamin D receptor in the pathophysiology of cognitive decline, incidence of Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia and/or cognitive decline with respect to previous plasma 25OHD concentration, and the effect on cognition of vitamin D supplementation should be explored in further studies.","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"8 4","pages":"255-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2010.0233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29526399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

[Geriatric approach of sleep disorders in the elderly]. [老年人睡眠障碍的老年方法]。

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0232

Maxime Godard, Zina Barrou, Marc Verny

{"title":"[Geriatric approach of sleep disorders in the elderly].","authors":"Maxime Godard, Zina Barrou, Marc Verny","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2010.0232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2010.0232","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep complaints and disorders are frequent in geriatric patients, with a prevalence of 57%. They result in increased morbidity and mortality. In this population, the primary goal is to search for a cause of secondary insomnia, such as organic or psychiatric diseases, or medications. In those cases, sleep will improve with the treatment of the cause. In the cases of primary insomnia, behavioral and sleep hygiene therapy are essential. Hypnotics have frequent side effects and should be avoided when possible. Prescription of small doses of benzodiazepines or related drugs should only be for a short period of time. Molecules with a short half life are to be preferred. Other sleep disorders include sleep apnea syndrome, restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements, which are the most frequent diagnoses in an elderly population. In the restless legs syndrome, diagnostic workup must include the search for a cause and treatment should favor hygienic measures. The use of dopamine agonists must be cautious, as their tolerance is poor in the elderly. Periodic limb movements are also frequent but there is no particular therapeutic recommendation.","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"8 4","pages":"235-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2010.0232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29526397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

[Preservation of automatic ocular saccades in healthy elderly: alteration in patients with dementia with Lewy body]. [健康老年人自动眼跳的保存:伴路易体痴呆患者的改变]。

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0228

Zoi Kapoula, Qing Yang, Marine Vernet, Christophe Orssaud, Michel Samson, Bénédicte Dieudonné, Sandrine Greffard, Marc Verny

{"title":"[Preservation of automatic ocular saccades in healthy elderly: alteration in patients with dementia with Lewy body].","authors":"Zoi Kapoula, Qing Yang, Marine Vernet, Christophe Orssaud, Michel Samson, Bénédicte Dieudonné, Sandrine Greffard, Marc Verny","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2010.0228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2010.0228","url":null,"abstract":"We studied, in healthy elderly subjects (aged from 63 to 83 years) and adults (aged from 20 to 32 years), ocular saccades in two conditions: one the one hand, the gap condition, where the central target disappears; then follows a period of 200 ms during which the fixation and attention were disengaged; finally, a visual target appears in the periphery. On the other hand, the overlap condition, in which the peripheral target appears when the central target is still present, the subject should voluntarily disengage his attention and fixation to orient them toward the peripheral target. These paradigms stimulate automatic versus controlled triggering of saccades. The average saccade latency (measured by video-oculography) was longer in the elderly, and irrespectively of the condition. However, the elderly as the young subjects produced shorter latencies in the gap condition than in the overlap condition. Moreover, in the gap condition, we observed the emergence of a considerable number of reflex saccades with very short latency (between 80 and 120 ms, minimal conduction time) called \"express saccades\". The occurrence rate of such saccades was similar in the young and the elderly subjects. These results suggest the existence of separate circuits, one non-being sensitive to age (express saccades), the other suffering the effects of aging (controlled saccades). In another ongoing study, this methodology has been applied to patients with Lewy body dementia. The preliminary results from three patients showed an abnormal slowness of latencies, even in the gap condition expected to promote automatic and reflex saccades. Furthermore, we observed a total absence of saccades with express latency. These promising results suggest a deficit even for automatic and express saccades in these patients.","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"8 4","pages":"295-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2010.0228","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29526315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

[Letter to our readers]. [致读者的信]。

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0236

Christian Derouesné

引用次数: 0

[Personality and risk of dementia]. [个性和痴呆症的风险]。

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-12-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0227

Jean-Pierre Clément, Marie-Pierre Teissier

{"title":"[Personality and risk of dementia].","authors":"Jean-Pierre Clément, Marie-Pierre Teissier","doi":"10.1684/pnv.2010.0227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2010.0227","url":null,"abstract":"We review the personality construct and its disorders according to the categorical and dimensional approaches, and the present understanding of dementia and its risk factors. This study shows a relationship between pre-morbid personality and risk of developing dementia. Data with speculative character, and indirect proofs from studies on life style, habits and pathological behaviors are reported. Categorical and dimensional parameters of personality are studied respectively by cluster analysis of the DSM classification, and by two contributive instruments: the Cloninger's temperament and character inventory (TCI) with seven dimensions, and the Costa and McCrae's NEO personality inventory (NEO PI) with five factors. Risk of dementia is higher in patients with the DSM C personality cluster, and, by order of severity, the dependent, avoidant and obsessive types of personality. According to the TCI, these three personality types have a high score on the dimension \"harm avoidance\", which increases the risk of dementia. With the five factor model investigated by the NEO PI, the risk of dementia is increased by low levels of extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscienciousness, and high level of neuroticism. Biological correlations are mixed up with these two personality models, which have coherent correlations between their respective dimensions. High levels of neuroticism and harm avoidance are associated with low serotonin activity, deficient neuroplasticity, cortisol abnormalities and greater deleterious impact according to the type of stressing situations. Cortisol levels regulation differs according to the type of personality and cortisol axis dysregulation could play a key part in dementia occurrence. Detecting vulnerable personalities should lead to recommendations for dementia prevention.","PeriodicalId":54537,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement","volume":"8 4","pages":"243-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/pnv.2010.0227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29526398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

[Cognition disorders]. (认知障碍)。

Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement Pub Date : 2010-09-01 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2010.0225

Christian Derouesné

引用次数: 4