Scientia Forestalis最新文献

{"title":"Classificação da capacidade produtiva de florestas inequiâneas por meio de mapas auto-organizáveis","authors":"Diego dos Santos Vieira, M. Oliveira, J. R. Gama, Bruno Oliveira Lafetá","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87248388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass modeling in a mixed plantation of Pinus taeda L. and Pinus elliottii Engelm","authors":"Renata Reis de Carvalho, Jonathan William Trautenmüller, S. V. Kohler, Edson Luiz Serpe, A. Corte, D. A. Silva, Afonso Figueiredo Filho","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.27","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to compare three approaches to fit models to estimate forest biomass in a mixed plantation of Pinus taeda and Pinus elliottii with 16 years of age. The data came from the biomass of 60 trees sampled, 30 trees of Pinus taeda and 30 trees of Pinus elliottii. The aerial biomass was estimated through the regression analysis (independent adjustment and simultaneous adjustment) and the artificial intelligence method with the nearest neighbor techniques. The models were selected and compared based on the quality of the statistical indicators: adjusted determination coefficient (Raj), standard error of the relative estimate (Syx%), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), Graphical analysis of residuals (%) and the ranking of the models. In the three approaches there were differences in total and component biomass estimates, being this difference associated with the heterogeneity of species (genetic variability by seminal origin), their components, and the lowest correlation of weight with diameter and height (allometric relationships). The technique of the nearest neighbor did not present satisfactory results, its use being recommended for a larger data base. Simultaneous adjustment was similar to the independent fitting method. However, the simultaneous equation has the advantage that when adding the biomass of the components, the result is compatible with the total biomass, which is more satisfactory for the estimation of total biomass.","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80037672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green manure cover effects on restoration success in Southeast Atlantic Forest biome","authors":"Joyce Meireles Pagoto, K. Massi, Fabiano Haddad Collard","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.18","url":null,"abstract":"Active restoration techniques, such as direct sowing, is an important strategy to benefit forest structure formation and to inhibit the exotic grasses invasion, which is an impediment to many restoration projects. The use of green manure in sowing can improve soil cover conditions and inhibit grasses. Thus, in this study we aimed to investigate the role of green manure canopy on invasive grass species’ cover and on growing of native species seedlings in direct sowing sites in the Southeast Atlantic Forest biome. We hypothesized that green manure would suppress the cover of exotic grasses and would benefit native species’ seedling growth. The study monitored six plots of 25 m x 4 m in a restored area (by direct sowing in pits) belonging to the Atlantic Forest biome, located in Cruzeiro municipality, in February 2021, June 2021 and January 2022. Measurements of individuals were the circumference at breast height and the plant height. We also inventoried per pit: canopy diameter, canopy cover and invasive grass cover. We found that a higher green manure canopy cover (regarding plant size and canopy) was responsible for decreasing invasive grass species cover, namely Brachiaria species. In addition, some species had higher canopy cover that suppressed invasive grasses more efficiently. We did not find a positive effect of green manure on native species seedling growth. However, the change from dry season to wet season in canopy cover, together with invasive grasses presence, negatively affected the growth of native species seedlings. These results provide important guidelines and indicate the role of the direct sowing technique for decreasing exotic grasses invasion and the establishment of native species. de espécies de gramíneas invasoras, nomeada espécies de Brachiaria . Além disso, algumas espécies apresentaram maior cobertura de dossel que suprimiu as gramíneas invasoras de forma mais eficiente. O estudo verificou que a adubação verde não beneficiou o crescimento de plântulas de espécies nativas. Foi observado que a mudança de estação seca para estação chuvosa na cobertura do dossel, juntamente com a presença de gramíneas invasoras, afetou negativamente o crescimento de mudas de espécies nativas. Esses resultados fornecem diretrizes importantes e indicam o papel da técnica de semeadura direta, especialmente relacionada à diminuição da invasão de gramíneas exóticas e estabelecimento de espécies nativas.","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81125212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influência do revestimento nas propriedades de painéis compensados não-estruturais de uso exterior submetidos à câmara de intemperismo acelerado","authors":"Sandiane Carla Krefta, Alexsandro Bayestorff da Cunha, M. A. Brand","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.29","url":null,"abstract":"Plywood panels are widely used in civil construction as forms for concrete, being produced, for the most part, by veneers of Pinus spp. and adhesive based on phenol formaldehyde resin. However, after several reuses, the panels tend to lose their original strength and stiffness characteristics due to continuous exposure to weather, water from the concrete composition and sunlight. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of coatings on the technological properties of non-structural plywood for outdoor use of Pinus spp., after exposure to adverse conditions of radiation, precipitation and condensation in an accelerated aging chamber. Twenty 18 mm thick commercial panels were used, divided into 5 groups according to the surface: (i) uncoated (control), (ii) oil, (iii) melamine resin, (iv) melamine film and, (v) tego film. From each group, 80 specimens were removed, of which each subgroup of 20 was subjected to 0, 10, 30 and 50 cycles of radiation, precipitation and condensation in an accelerated aging chamber, according to the procedures described in ASTM G154 (2006). After completion of the cycles, the determination of density, moisture content, strength and stiffness to static bending, and strength in bonding line shear was performed. Data were evaluated in a multifactorial way in parametric statistics through analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 95% probability of success, considering 5 factors (coatings) and four levels (0, 10, 30 and 50 cycles). The results demonstrated thar the panels of all treatments met the parameters recommended by the Brazilian Association of Mechanically Processed Wood (ABIMCI) up to 50 cycles, that is, the coatings applied and the exposure time to radiation, precipitation and condensation variables did not adversely affect the panels in terms of strength and stiffness.","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79571358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in leaf physiology for eucalyptus genotypes with increase in integral water stress and its consequence for initial growth in central Chile","authors":"Thiago Wendling Gonçalves de Oliveira, R. Rubilar, C. Sanquetta, A. Corte, Daniel Bozo, A. Medina, O. Mardones, Verónica Emhart, Juan Jose Quiroga, Hector E. Valenzuela","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.09","url":null,"abstract":"Limited information exists on how small changes in soil water affect the physiological responses of eucalyptus and their relationship with productivity. This experiment evaluated physiological traits during decreased soil water and compared them with growth and water stress integral (WSI) of 22 eucalyptus genotypes with 1.5 years old. The experiment was conducted in sandy soil with low water holding capacity in Chile. Selected genotypes were Eucalyptus globulus, E. nitens, and E. nitens × E. globulus hybrids (E. gloni). Seasonal predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd) was evaluated under well-irrigated conditions and after 40 days without irrigation. Subsequently, two sampling instances were considered for analysis, wellirrigated conditions M0 (470 days after planting) and 40 days without irrigation Mfinal (510 days after planting). During that period, we measured midday leaf water potential (Ψmd), leaf area index (LAI), diurnal changes in photosynthesis (An) and stomatal conductance (gs). The broad range of WSI among genotypes indicated contrasting levels of accumulated water stress during early development. In fact, E. globulus presented 30% more water stress than E. nitens, and genotypes with the highest WSI showed the lowest growth. Between M0 and Mfinal, there was a reduction in An and gs in the morning and midday with small changes in the afternoon, and consequently, values of the intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) increased. The Ψmd showed small changes and we observed a large LAI increment for all genotypes. Changes in iWUE were more pronounced for genotypes with lower WSI, which suggested that these genotypes with lower accumulated water stress were more sensitive to changes in soil water, such as E. gloni genotypes allowing them to maintain high productivity.","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87267684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sampling method with proportional probability to variable areas in stands of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden in Brazil","authors":"Ataídes Marinheski Filho, Sylvio Péllico Netto, S. Machado, A. Corte, A. Behling","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.16","url":null,"abstract":"Many forest companies in Brazil started using plots of varying sizes in their continuous forest inventories (CFI), mainly to avoid the effects of marginal trees and to obtain more consistent estimates in the CFI. Consequently it was quite important to present a comparison between the results of applying a sampling method in which trees are selected with probability proportional to a variable average area with the method in which the trees are selected with probability proportional to a fixed area plot. In this study, the theory for a sampling method was developed, in which a selection of a group of trees in a plot is done with probability proportional to a variable average area of occupation (PPVA) per 60 trees in a plot. The data is composed by 41 permanent plots from a forest inventory of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden in Santa Catarina, Brazil. In order to compare the PPVA method with the traditional fixed area method (PPA), the area was imaged with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), allowing to obtain a full list of living trees (census). For this fraction, 7 plots for PPVA method and 7 for the PPA method were also measured, allowing the comparison of the total volume obtained in the census with PPVA and PPA results. The total volume of the plot obtained as a function of the census, when compared to the PPVA method, did not present significant differences at the 99% probability level, while the fixed area method was statistically different at the 95% probability level, resulting in an overestimation of 7.5% higher than that found in the census. The PPAV sampling method provides parameter estimates for characterization of the forest population at a lower cost; it becomes more effective than sampling with fixed area plots, because they are practical and operationally easy for delimitation in the field, providing appropriate estimates and more accurate average occupational area for each individual tree (m2) in the population.","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80208210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manejo de mudas de Teca e prospecção fitoquímica para avaliação do potencial indicador de pH","authors":"Matheus Favaro Moreira, A. Mendonça, Joci Neuby Alves Macêdo, E. M. Cunha","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.25","url":null,"abstract":"Tectona grandis L.f. has an extensive history of logging exploitation in Brazil but also presents a high potential for non-woody product use, when extracting diverse metabolic compounds from the plant. These compounds can be used as pH indicators when properly handled. The aim of this study was to manage Tectona grandis seedlings at different ages to produce a natural pH indicator. For preparing the pH indicator the following steps were taken: 1) Identification and determination of seedling extracts of Tectona grandis L.f. for application as acid-base indicator; 2) evaluation of plant age and extraction method on the acid-base indicator potential; 3) loss of the extracts acid-base indicator potential; and finally 4) use of the extract as pH indicator. All extracts from the seedlings’ vegetative parts changed color when exposed to acidic and basic solutions. However, leaves proved to be the best part for extraction. When the age and methods of obtaining the compound were evaluated, 120-days-old seedlings extracted with a solution of 96ºGL ethyl alcohol and water at 100ºC were found to be the most efficient. However, alcohol extraction reduced the loss of acid-base indicator potential. The best extract obtained by all factors analyzed in this study can be used as a substitute for the commercial indicator phenolphthalein. The alcoholic extract obtained from leaves of 120-days-old Tectona grandis seedlings can be used as pH indicator mostly for more alkaline substances (pH 9 - 14).","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86123698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical and tree rings differences in two provenances of Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arráb. ex Steud. (Boraginaceae)","authors":"E. Longui, Caroline Caum, M. Tomazello-Filho, C. Lisi, F. Roig, C. R. Marcati","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.24","url":null,"abstract":"The parental effect on wood anatomy and growth rings of Cordia trichotoma trees was studied. Tree seeds of two provenances (Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes) were collected in 1986. Seedlings were planted, and after 25 years, twelve wood disks were collected from six trees from each provenance. Anatomical features and growth rings were analyzed according to standard techniques. Qualitative anatomy of wood indicated similarities between the two provenances, except for the presence of geniculate vessels found in woods from the Cerrado. However, the greatest differences in wood anatomy were quantitative. Provenances from Cerrado had wood with shorter vessel and fibers elements, less fiber lumen, less parenchyma per mm 2 , and more vessels per group than did provenances from the Atlantic Forest. Cross dating among the radial growth ring series was performed through visual and statistical procedures. The relationships between tree rings and meteorological records were performed through Pearson's correlation, and through dendro-climatic analysis that identified the end summer precipitation as the major factor affecting tree growth at inter annual timescale. The standard chronologies of tree-ring width series showed similarity between Cerrado and Atlantic Forest provenances, but with small differences in the juvenile period of live of trees. The rains that decreased between April and June associated with the gradual decrease in temperature may have reduced the cambial activity and caused the formation of tree rings with small differences between the two provenances. The results of this study are relevant for climate adaptive forestry: they emphasize the importance of heritability in the plasticity of certain features of wood anatomy related to the environmental conditions in which they grow, while the growth rate and its year-by-year variability show small differences. mostraram similaridade entre as procedências do Cerrado e da Mata Atlântica, mas com pequenas diferenças no período juvenil de vida das árvores. As chuvas que diminuíram entre abril e junho associadas à diminuição gradativa da temperatura podem ter reduzido a atividade cambial e ocasionado a formação de anéis das árvores com pequenas diferenças entre as duas procedências. Os resultados deste estudo são relevantes para a silvicultura adaptativa ao clima, e enfatizam a importância da herdabilidade na plasticidade de certas características da anatomia da madeira relacionadas às condições ambientais em que crescem, e a taxa de crescimento e sua variabilidade ano a ano também mostram pequenas diferenças. similar to for Prosopis flexuosa studied in a seasonal dry environment in Argentina and different from Tectona grandis from a seasonal dry environment in the central region of Brazil the occurrence of different types of false growth rings. alliodora tree-rings. Intra-annual density some in dating the also irregularity in width along the stem Tschinkel out that in C. alliodora the rings close","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79771900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between woody vegetation and edaphic variables in natural forest formations of Paraguay","authors":"L. M. G. R. Diaz, Lucas Henderson de Oliveira Santos, João Paulo Sardo Madi, L. Molas, É. C. Souza, María Laura Quevedo Fernández, Sílvia da Luz Lima Mota, C. Sanquetta, S. P. C. Carvalho","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.21","url":null,"abstract":"Correlating vegetation data with environmental variables enables results that allow making inferences about the biological components present in these communities and thus contributing to their recovery. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether there is a correlation between soil variables, to determine whether these variables influence woody vegetation and which variables best explain this relationship. The study was carried out based on data obtained from the National Forest Inventory of Paraguay in 2015 in 5 forest strata: Dry Forest of the Chaco (BSCH), Sub-humid Flooded Forest of the Paraguay River (BSHIRP), Palmar Forest (BP), Sub-humid Forest of the Cerrado (BSHC) and Humid Forest of the Eastern Region (BHRO), totaling 36 ha sampled. Physical and chemical parameters of the soil and data of total height and diameter at 1.30 m in height (d 1.30 ) of all living shrub-arboreal individuals with d 1.30 ≥ 5 cm were used. For the sampled forest strata, the different soil variables influence the presence of the sampled species. Among soil variables, a strong positive correlation was observed between organic material and organic carbon, as well as silt and clay. In the BSCH, BSHC and BHRO strata, it was possible to attribute relationships between species and edaphic variables, where the edaphic variables that best explained these relationships were clay, sand, silt, organic material and organic carbon. indivíduos arbustivo-arbóreos vivos d 1,30 ≥ 5 cm. Para os as variáveis do solo influenciaram espécies. as correlação material orgânico carbono orgânico, além BSCH, BSHC espécies edáficas que explicaram melhor essas relações foram argila, areia, silte, material orgânico e carbono orgânico. Palavras-chave: Estratos florestais; Análise multivariada; Inventário Florestal Nacional do Paraguai.","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78272944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influência de fatores ergonômicos na produtividade do sistema homem-máquina na colheita florestal mecanizada","authors":"S. Schettino, L. Minette, Denise Ransolin Soranso, Roldão Carlos Andrade Lima","doi":"10.18671/scifor.v50.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v50.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54443,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Forestalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87287164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}