Systematic Botany最新文献

{"title":"A New Species of Evolvulus (Convolvulaceae): A Rare and Threatened Species from the Brazilian Cerrado, a Neotropical Biodiversity Hotspot","authors":"Diego Santos, C. Amorim, M. D. da Silva, M. T. Buril","doi":"10.1600/036364422X16674053033868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16674053033868","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As part of the taxonomic revision of Evolvulus section Lagopodini (Convolvulaceae), a new species was found in the Brazilian Cerrado, a Neotropical biodiversity hotspot, and it is informally categorized herein as endangered. Evolvulus veadeirensis sp. nov. is characterized by the subshrub habit, slender and cylindrical stems, lanceolate leaves, leaf base that is attenuate or obtuse, and clavate stigmatic lobes. Among the species in that section, E. veadeirensis sp. nov. is more similar to E. altissimus, differing from the latter mainly by height, the shape of the leaf blade, leaf apex, and the stigmatic lobes. A diagnosis, morphological descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic comments, informal conservation status, distribution map, photographs, and an identification key for species from Chapada dos Veadeiros are presented. Resumo Como parte da revisão taxonômica de Evolvulus sect. Lagopodini (Convolvulaceae), uma nova espécie foi descoberta no Cerrado Brasileiro, um Hotspot Neotropical de Biodiversidade, e foi categorizada informalmente aqui como ameaçada. Evolvulus veadeirensis sp. nddov. é caracterizada pelo hábito subarbustivo, caules delgados e cilíndricos, folhas lanceoladas, base foliar atenuada ou obtusa, e lóbulos estigmáticos clavados. Entre as espécies dessa seção, E. veadeirensis é mais semelhante a E. altissimus, diferindo desta principalmente pela altura, forma da lâmina, ápice foliar, e forma dos lóbulos estigmáticos. Apresentamos uma diagnose, descrição morfológica, ilustrações, comentários taxonômicos, estado de conservação informal, mapa de distribuição, fotografias e uma chave de identificação para as espécies ocorrentes na Chapada dos Veadeiros.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"47 1","pages":"1094 - 1099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46772250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two New Cauliflorous Species of Aristolochia Subseries Anthocaulicae (Aristolochiaceae) from Southern Central America","authors":"J. Jiménez, M. Blanco","doi":"10.1600/036364422X16674053033921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16674053033921","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two new cauliflorous species of Aristolochia subseries Anthocaulicae from southern Central America are described and illustrated. Aristolochia guanacastensis from northwestern Costa Rica resembles A. ruiziana, from which it is distinguished by having glabrous and narrower leaves, larger flowers without a syrinx, and shorter fruits. Aristolochia povedae from the Caribbean slope of Costa Rica and Panama is similar to A. cordiflora, but it is distinguished by its smaller, suborbicular and concave perianth limb with a shallower sinus, and slightly larger fruits. Comments about their distribution, habitat, phenology, conservation status, and distinction from related species are provided, and also a key to the species of Aristolochia subseries Anthocaulicae present in Central America. Evidence that supports the synonymization of A. cruenta under A. goudotii is presented. Resumen Dos nuevas especies caulifloras de Aristolochia subserie Anthocaulicae del sur de Centroamérica son descritas e ilustradas. Aristolochia guanacastensis del noroeste de Costa Rica es parecida a A. ruiziana, de la cual se distingue por tener hojas glabras y más estrechas, flores más grandes sin siringe y frutos más cortos. Aristolochia povedae de la vertiente Caribe de Costa Rica y Panamá es similar a A. cordiflora, pero se distingue por su limbo floral más pequeño, suborbicular y cóncavo, con un seno menos profundo y frutos un poco más grandes. Se proporcionan comentarios sobre su distribución, hábitat, fenología, estado de conservación y distinción de especies relacionadas, así como también una clave de las especies de Aristolochia subserie Anthocaulicae presentes en Centroamérica. Se presenta evidencia que apoya la sinonimia de A. cruenta bajo A. goudotii.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"47 1","pages":"915 - 926"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48104543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Phylogeny of Errazurizia (Fabaceae: Amorpheae) and Description of the New Monotypic Genus Pictarena","authors":"L. E. Becklund, T. Ayers","doi":"10.1600/036364422X16674053033804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16674053033804","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Errazurizia (Fabaceae) is a genus comprised of four species of New World desert shrubs with an ambiguous evolutionary history. Prior studies determined the North American species of Errazurizia were polyphyletic and the relationship of E. rotundata with other genera in the tribe Amorpheae remained undetermined. The sole South American species, which is also the type species, has never been included in a molecular study. We inferred the phylogenetic relationships of Errazurizia and six closely related genera using data from the cpDNA genome and nrDNA cistron from reference guided assemblies. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses found two of the North American and the South American species were a monophyletic group, but that E. rotundata was sister to the monotypic genus Parryella. Gland and pollen surface characters confirm the close relationship between P. filifolia and E. rotundata. Cytonuclear discordance yielded partially incongruent tree topologies, and while the cpDNA phylogeny indicated a monophyletic Amorpha was sister to the E. rotundata and P. filifolia clade, the nrDNA cistron phylogeny recovered a paraphyletic Amorpha, with A. californica sister to the E. rotundata and P. filifolia clade. Molecular and morphological evidence support the elevation of E. rotundata to its own monotypic genus, Pictarena. The new genus Pictarena is defined by subsessile, suborbicular leaflets, mammiform leaflet glands, spicate inflorescences, and flowers with either all petals absent or rarely with a banner petal. Elevating E. rotundata to Pictarena resolves the confusing classification of the species, an imperiled endemic known only from four localities in northern Arizona and lends support for continued conservation.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"47 1","pages":"1012 - 1024"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42151732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Species of Harpalejeunea (Lejeuneaceae) from Upper Montane Forest in Southeastern Brazil","authors":"D. P. Costa, M. A. Rezende","doi":"10.1600/036364422x16674053033886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422x16674053033886","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract— A new species of Lejeuneaceae, Harpalejeunea zilmarii, from an upper montane forest in southeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is characterized by the upper leaf which has an ovate, asymmetric lobe, is narrowed toward\u0000 the apex, with an acuminate apex, a uniseriate tip that is 2‐4 cells long, an entire margin, or with cells of the proximal part of the antical margin (up to ca. 2/3 lobe length) crenate-denticulate by conical projections, constricted lobules forming a short and slightly curved passage\u0000 to the water sac, with 2 short, blunt, closely associated single-celled teeth, and intercalary androecia on the main stem. The new species resembles Harpalejeunea tridens, and its affinities are discussed and presented in the key to the Brazilian species of Harpalejeunea.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67390921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two New Species of Doliocarpus (Dilleniaceae) from Eastern Brazil, with an Emended Key for Species of Brazilian Atlantic Forest","authors":"João Victor Longhi Monzoli, Michelly de Deus Felipe Araújo, Claudio Nicoletti de Fraga, Daniela Sampaio Silveira","doi":"10.1600/036364422X16674053033949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16674053033949","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Doliocarpus is a neotropical genus with extensive representation in Brazil. During its taxonomic review, two new species from Brazilian Atlantic Forest were discovered and are herein described, illustrated, and compared to their close relatives. Doliocarpus heterophyllus can be recognized by its slightly undulate and subrevolute leaf margin along the lower third of the blade, with camptodromous venation, glabrous on the upper surface of the leaf, a cuspidate apex, and its glabrous fruit. Doliocarpus serrulatus has a serrulate leaf margin along the upper third of the blade, with craspedodromous venation, hirsute on the lower surface, and glabrous fruit. Diagnostic characters are discussed, accompanied by notes on their geographic distribution, informal conservation status, and photographs, and an emended key to all species of Doliocarpus of Atlantic Forest is also provided. Resumo Doliocarpus é um gênero neotropical com ampla representação no Brasil. Durante sua revisão taxonômica, duas novas espécies da Mata Atlântica brasileira são descritas, ilustradas e comparadas com suas espécies intimamente relacionadas. Doliocarpus heterophyllus pode ser reconhecida pela margem foliar levemente ondulada e sub-revoluta ao longo do terço inferior da lâmina, com venação camptódroma, glabra na face superior da folha, ápice cuspidado e fruto glabro. Doliocarpus serrulatus possui a margem foliar serrulada ao longo do terço superior da lâmina, com venaçãocraspedódroma, hirsuta na face inferior e fruto glabro. Caracteres diagnósticos são discutidos, acompanhados de notas sobre sua distribuição geográfica, estado de conservação informal e fotografias. Também é fornecida uma chave de identificação emendada para todas as espécies de Doliocarpus da Mata Atlântica.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"47 1","pages":"952 - 961"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45491797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Species Limits in Balanophora Subgenus Balania","authors":"Runxian Yu, Song-Yan Zhou, Xiao-Li Chen, Dongming Fang, Xu-Yang Yue, Kai-Nan Ma, Ren-chao Zhou, Ying-Di Liu","doi":"10.1600/036364422X16573022073581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16573022073581","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Balanophora subgen. Balania (Balanophoraceae), whose members differ from those of the other subgenus in having three-merous male flowers, includes B. flava, B. involucrata, B. tobiracola, the B. harlandii assemblage, and the agamospermic species B. japonica. Species limits of B. flava, B. involucrata, and the B. harlandii as currently circumscribed (B. harlandii assemblage) have long been controversial. Here, species limits in subgen. Balania are explored based on morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis using nuclear 18S and ITS ribosomal DNA sequences. Subgen. Balania was monophyletic if B. japonica is excluded. Balanophora harlandii assamblage was polyphyletic and three lineages, B. harlandii, B. kawakamii, and B. henryi, were recovered in the assemblage. Molecular and morphological divergence, distribution, and phenology provided strong support for the recognition of these lineages as distinct species, namely B. harlandii, B. kawakamii, and B. henryi. The findings also suggested that B. flava should be reduced to synonym under B. involucrata, thus supporting Hansen's treatment of both dioecious and monoecious populations as members of a single species.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"47 1","pages":"869 - 875"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42542209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric and Molecular Evidence Delimit Six Species in Clematis reticulata s.l. (Ranunculaceae: Clematis subg. Viorna)","authors":"Thomas H. Murphy, Jesse D. Harris, L. D. Estes","doi":"10.1600/036364422X16573019348210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16573019348210","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Clematis subgenus Viorna of North America currently consists of 21 species with most of the diversity found in the southeastern United States. Past taxonomic treatments of Clematis subg. Viorna have varied greatly, which has led to unclear species limits across multiple species complexes. Often recognized as a single, polymorphic species with a high degree of ecological amplitude, variation in the Clematis reticulata species complex has previously been attributed to phenotypic plasticity. A combination of herbarium specimen examination and extensive fieldwork led to the formation of seven a priori morphological groups, or hypothesized taxa, in the C. reticulata species complex based on previously used and novel morphological characters. We employ an integrative approach to species delimitation with data from morphometric studies of herbarium and common garden datasets, as well as a phylogeny inferred from ddRADseq. Of the seven hypothesized taxa, six were supported by evidence from morphology and phylogeny with corroborating biogeography and ecology. Recognition of Clematis terminalis sp. nov. renders C. subreticulata comb. nov. paraphyletic. Because of its morphological, ecological, and phenological distinctiveness, it may represent a case of peripheral speciation by isolation. Four new species are recognized: C. arenicola sp. nov., C. cumberlandensis sp. nov., C. ouachitensis sp. nov., and C. terminalis sp. nov. Viorna subreticulata is given a new combination in Clematis and the newly defined C. reticulata s.s. is re-circumscribed. An updated dichotomous key, species descriptions, ecological notes, and distribution maps are provided.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"47 1","pages":"667 - 690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44025827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae) of the Brazilian Flora: Nomenclatural Survey Reveals Twenty-Five New Synonyms and Widely Applied Illegitimate Names","authors":"C. O. Andrino, F. N. Costa, N. Hensold, Renato Ramos, P. Sano","doi":"10.1600/036364422X16573019348193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16573019348193","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Paepalanthus is the second largest genus of Eriocaulaceae, with about one-third of the species recorded for the family, but it has not received a recent comprehensive taxonomic treatment. Detailed taxonomic studies show that many names currently in use are actually synonyms. In addition, it was necessary to lectotypify some names. Twenty-five synonyms, associated with 15 species and 10 varieties, and 18 lectotypifications in Paepalanthus are here presented, yielding a revised total of 395 species in the genus, 327 of which occur in Brazil. For each taxon treated here we provide taxonomic status, typification, synonymy, nomenclatural notes, comments, and distribution data.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"47 1","pages":"635 - 641"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48470879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Phylogenetically Informed Reclassification of the Rock Daisies (Perityleae; Compositae)","authors":"Isaac H. Lichter‐Marck, B. G. Baldwin","doi":"10.1600/036364422X16573019348328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16573019348328","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent phylogenomic analyses of sequence data from chloroplast and nuclear genomes as well as morphological and cytological analyses resolved long standing phylogenetic uncertainty in the rock daisy tribe (Perityleae; Asteraceae) and support reclassification at the generic level to reflect evolutionary relationships. The previously recognized genera Eutetras and Pericome were upheld as clades and continue to be recognized in the new classification. The large genus Perityle as treated in previous taxonomies was found not to be monophyletic and is thus reclassified in four genera, using the available names Laphamia (in an expanded sense), Galinsogeopsis (in an expanded sense), Nesothamnus, and Perityle (in a newly restricted sense). The type species of Perityle belongs to an early diverging lineage of the rock daisy tribe, in a clade with varied chromosome numbers of x = 11, 12, 13, 16, 18, or 19. In addition to the type (Perityle californica), Perityle now includes six other minimum-rank taxa of Perityle, all three taxa of Amauria, and the Desventuradas Islands endemic Lycapsus tenuifolius. Nesothamnus is reinstated as a monotypic genus for the Guadalupe Island endemic shrub Nesothamnus incana. Laphamia and Galinsogeopsis together constitute a clade of woody and herbaceous perennials or annuals with a stabilized base chromosome number of x = 17 (n = 17, 34, 51, 68) that have diversified throughout the Basin and Range Province and the Sierra Madre Occidental of the southwest US and northern Mexico. Laphamia and Galinsogeopsis have overlapping geographic distributions but can be distinguished by a combination of fruit and flower traits. This new generic classification of Perityleae resolves long standing conflict about the circumscription of Perityle without expanding the genus to encompass the entire subtribe Peritylinae and recognizes two independent evolutionary radiations onto island-like rocky habitats in western North America as taxonomically distinct components of this fascinating tribe of composites. To allow for this revised taxonomy, 46 new combinations in Galinsogeopsis, Laphamia, and Perityle are provided, and one new name, Laphamia sanchezii, is adopted.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"47 1","pages":"802 - 816"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45385319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Evolutionary Framework of Acanthaceae Based on Transcriptomes and Genome Skims","authors":"J. D. Arias, Erin A. Manzitto‐Tripp, C. Kiel, L. McDade, Amanda E. Fisher","doi":"10.1600/036364422X16573019348256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16573019348256","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Acanthaceae is a family of tropical flowering plants with approximately 4900 species. Despite remarkable variation in morphological traits, research on patterns of character evolution has been limited by uncertain relationships among some of the major lineages. We sampled 16 taxa from these major lineages to estimate a phylogenomic framework using a combination of five newly sequenced shotgun genome skims plus seven new and four publicly available transcriptomes. We used OrthoFinder2 to infer a species tree with strong branch support. Except for the placement of Crabbea, our results corroborate the most recent chloroplast and nrITS sequence-based topology. Of 587 single copy loci, 10 were recovered for all 16 species; a RAxML tree estimated from these 10 loci resulted in the same topology as other datasets assembled in this study, with the exception of relationships among three sampled species of Barleria; however, branch support was lower compared to the tree reconstructed using more data. ABBA-BABA tests were conducted to investigate patterns of introgression involving Crabbea; few nucleotides supported alternative topologies. SplitsTree networks of the 587 loci and 6136 orthogroup trees revealed conflict among the branches leading to Andrographideae, Whitfieldieae, and Neuracanthus. A principal components analysis in treespace found no distinct clusters of trees. Our results based on combined genome skim and transcriptome sequences strongly corroborate the previously published chloroplast and nr-ITS-based phylogeny of Acanthaceae with increased resolution among Barlerieae, Andrographideae, Whitfieldieae, and Neuracanthus. This advance in our knowledge of Acanthaceae relationships will allow us to investigate character evolution and other phenomena within this diverse group of plants in studies with increased taxon sampling.","PeriodicalId":54438,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Botany","volume":"47 1","pages":"716 - 728"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44970822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}