The Texas Journal of Science最新文献_第5页

THE 1978 CANYON (TEXAS) FLOOD – AN ESTIMATION OF FLOOD MAGNITUDE IN PALO DURO CANYON STATE PARK 1978年峡谷(德克萨斯州)洪水-帕罗杜罗峡谷州立公园洪水震级的估计

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_71_1_note6

J. Cepeda

引用次数: 0

SYNTHESIS OF 2-, AND 3-NITROBENZANTHRONE VIA DIRECT NITRATION OF BENZANTHRONE WITH NITRIC ACID/ACETIC ACID 硝酸/乙酸直接硝化法合成2-和3-硝基苯并蒽醌

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-09-06 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_71_1_article9

K. K. Onchoke, Jorge J. Ojeda

引用次数: 0

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER MIXTURES DERIVED FROM ACORN KERNEL OIL 橡子仁油脂肪酸甲酯混合物的合成与表征

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-09-06 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_71_1_article8

Darean A. Bague, R. Franks

{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER MIXTURES DERIVED FROM ACORN KERNEL OIL","authors":"Darean A. Bague, R. Franks","doi":"10.32011/txjsci_71_1_article8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/txjsci_71_1_article8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Biodiesel fuels are produced via transesterification of a triacylglycerol (TAG, e.g. vegetable oil, waste cooking oil, or animal fats) with a short-chain alkyl alcohol in the presence of a suitable catalyst. Alternative TAG sources, ones not derived from plants used as human food sources, have been of particular recent interest. In this work, the oil extracted from the endosperm of acorns, acorn kernel oil (AKO), was used as an alternative TAG source for the synthesis of biodiesel fuels. Acorns were collected from various species of oak trees (Quercus spp.) in the city of Nacogdoches, Texas. AKO was extracted from the acorn endosperm. The AKO was then subjected to acid-catalyzed and base-catalyzed transesterification with methanol and ethanol to produce acorn kernel oil methyl esters (AKOME) and acorn kernel oil ethyl esters (AKOEE) respectively. Concentrated H2SO4 was used as the acid catalyst and K2CO3 was used as the base catalyst. The effect of using a room temperature ionic liquid on percentage conversion for base-catalyzed transesterification was also investigated. Product mixtures were characterized using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The NMR data were used to confirm the presence of transesterified products as well as to quantify the percentage conversion for the reaction. Percent conversion results ranged from 96 to 98% for AKOME products and 96 to 97% for AKOEE products.","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42320180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

INFLUENCE OF AGE AND DISPERSAL ON REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS OF CLIFF SWALLOWS (PETROCHELIDON PYRRHONATA) 年龄和分布对崖燕繁殖成功的影响

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-09-05 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_71_1_article6

T. N. Johnson, Karl L. Kosciuch, P. Sikes, K. Arnold

引用次数: 0

RESTORATION OF FORMER GRASSLAND IN SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS 德克萨斯州中南部原草原的恢复

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_ARTICLE2

Wendy J. Leonard, O. V. Auken

{"title":"RESTORATION OF FORMER GRASSLAND IN SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS","authors":"Wendy J. Leonard, O. V. Auken","doi":"10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_ARTICLE2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_ARTICLE2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the past, grasslands and savannas were common in many areas of south-central Texas, including the San Antonio area. With the advent of European settlers and their livestock, much of this area was converted to agriculture and rangeland. Today, most of San Antonio is developed, but some preservation has occurred. Restored grassland, mechanically cleared of Juniperus ashei (juniper, Ashe juniper) and other woody species in 2013, was examined and compared to adjacent non-cleared woodland. The woodland examined was dominated by Diospyros texana (Texas persimmon) and Juniperus ashei. Richness in the woodland canopy was 15 species. The understory below the canopy had 25 woody species. In the restored grassland area, herbaceous plant cover was 41.8%, woody plant cover 5.8%, bare soil 2.9%, and litter cover 49.5%. Species richness was 71, with 60 herbaceous and 11 woody species (percent cover of each from <0.1–7.1%). The most common species in the restored grassland in descending order were Nassella leucotricha (Texas winter grass), Calyptocarpus vialis (straggler daisy), Carex planostachys (cedar sedge), Sporobolus crypandrus (sand dropseed), D. texana, and Verbesina virginica (frost weed). Several C4 grass species were present with low cover but may increase in abundance over time. Four of the six most common restored grassland species were present below the woodland canopy and 12 woody species were present in the restored grassland as juveniles. Cost of restoration was approximately $38,500 ($7,500 supplies, $31,000 labor).","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45763477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

THE PROPOSED U.S.-MEXICO BORDER BARRIER: THE WRITING IS ON THE WALL 拟议中的美墨边境屏障:不祥之兆

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_71_1_editorial_2

Travis J. LaDuc, M. Terry, Marsha E. May, J. Wolfe, S. K. Hill, K. Pannell, F. Gonzalez-Lima, Alyx S. Frantzen

引用次数: 0

2019, THE UN-DESIGNATED INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF THE PERIODIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS: A PERSONAL ASSESSMENT AND EXPLORATION 2019年，化学元素周期表未指定国际年:个人评估与探索

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_EDITORIAL_1

K. Pannell

引用次数: 0

NOVEL TEMPORARY AQUATIC HABITATS AND DESERT INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES 新的临时水生栖息地和沙漠无脊椎动物群落

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_ARTICLE5

Kerry L. Griffis‐Kyle, A. E. Parker, J. Götting

{"title":"NOVEL TEMPORARY AQUATIC HABITATS AND DESERT INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES","authors":"Kerry L. Griffis‐Kyle, A. E. Parker, J. Götting","doi":"10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_ARTICLE5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_ARTICLE5","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The addition of desert water developments alleviates water stress for a variety of organisms and is likely necessary for some species as water availability from other isolated water sources declines with climate change. However, constructed water catchments are different structurally and do not cycle water the same way as natural sites. We assessed whether these novel habitats, the constructed catchments of the Sonoran Desert, function as ecological equivalents of the natural waters and evaluated their effects on macroinvertebrate biodiversity, community composition, and trophic function. We documented an accumulation of ammonia and less diversity and different taxa assemblages in the novel habitat. We also documented a more heterotrophic food web in the natural water basins that are more dependent on resource pulses, and a more autotrophic food web in novel habitats that are more dependent on primary production from the open catchment basin. As natural resource managers continue to add constructed waters to mitigate for climate change induced declines in water availability, organisms are more likely to encounter these novel habitats as they disperse. Consequently, by increasing the density of these novel habitats we are having a measurable effect on the types of species and trophic groups present as well as the ecosystem cycling of energy and nutrients across the desert landscape. The consequences of these shifts in invertebrate community composition and ecosystem cycling on the larger desert ecosystem is unknown.","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46304794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RESPONSES OF JUVENILE AMERICAN ALLIGATORS (ALLIGATOR MISSISSIPPIENSIS) TO CONTACT CALLS 幼美洲短吻鳄(短吻鳄)对接触叫声的反应

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_ARTICLE4

Todd. R. Bollinger

{"title":"RESPONSES OF JUVENILE AMERICAN ALLIGATORS (ALLIGATOR MISSISSIPPIENSIS) TO CONTACT CALLS","authors":"Todd. R. Bollinger","doi":"10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_ARTICLE4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_ARTICLE4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Crocodylians are known for their ability to vocalize throughout their lives in a variety of social and ecological contexts, particularly during their vulnerable juvenile life stage. However, few studies have analyzed juvenile calls in laboratory settings, fewer still have analyzed them across large sample sizes or with respect to sex and body size, and no studies to date have analyzed crocodylian vocalizations with respect to human conditioning in captivity or animal personality profiles. This study tests juvenile American alligators' (Alligator mississippiensis) ability to respond via movement and callback vocalizations to pre-recorded conspecific contact calls across a large sample size (n=36), and tests for relationships between response rates and juvenile body size and sex. Seventeen and sixteen individuals out of a total of thirty-six responded via movement toward the source of pre-recorded vocalizations across the first and second experimental trials, respectively, whereas none responded through movement toward control sounds; 75% of juveniles who vocalized did so only in response to contact calls rather than controls (though the latter difference was not significant given that only four vocalized in Trial 1, and only a single animal vocalized in Trial 2); there was also no significant difference in movement toward recorded vocalizations across size or sex. However, one particularly vocal individual whose upbringing in captivity was known was identified as a possible unique personality profile given its propensity for callback vocalizations in comparison to its fellow study subjects.","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45826105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COUNTY RECORDS AND MAJOR RANGE EXTENSIONS FOR ANGIOSPERMS FROM THE LAMPASAS CUT PLAIN OF THE WEST CROSS TIMBERS AND PRAIRIES IN SAN SABA AND MILLS COUNTIES, TEXAS 德克萨斯州圣萨巴县和米尔斯县西部兰帕萨斯平原被子植物的县记录和主要范围扩展

The Texas Journal of Science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_71_1_NOTE2

Matthew L Sheik, A. Nelson

引用次数: 0