Geoscience Data Journal最新文献

{"title":"Loess microstructure indication indexes for the study of palaeoclimatic conditions in northwest China","authors":"Deng Jin","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.202","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.202","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Loess Plateau of China, located to the west of the Liupan Mountains and north of the Qinling Mountains stretching across the Yellow River, is the main loess deposit area in Northwest China. The loess in the northwest of China has deposits with large thickness and extensive distribution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis of loess have been performed to study the relationship between the loess microstructures and the forming climates Era. The relevant indexes were evaluated including the sand-dropping speed (<i>V</i>_n), certain sedimentary depths (<i>h</i>_n sand particle volume (<i>V</i>_d) and element ratios of Ca/Fe, K/Al, Si/Al and Ca/Mg. The microstructure indexes of loess accumulation and evolution reflect paleoclimate conditions and time scales to a certain extent. The important discovery is the microscopic sand-dropping speed (<i>V</i>_n) and the sedimentary depth <i>h</i>_n) calculation method of different sedimentary ages. These indices are compared with the record of major aeolian-forming climates from the Guliya ice core, and provide a reliable benchmark for studying climate change It also can be used as important indicators of monsoonal change and environmental evolution reconstruction. The index of sand sedimentation speed (<i>V</i>_n) got from loess microstructure could reflect sand-dropping speed and loess deposition course. According the article can serve as new indicators of climatic changes of different forming loess layers. It can also be concluded that the climatic indexes obtained from loess microstructure can reflect climate conditions of loess forming. The loess forming climatic parameters are synchronous correspond to Tengger Desert and Guliya ice core for studying climate change, then microscopic parameters can also be used for preliminary analysis of loess climate formation and has be found corresponding evidence, and the loess climatic parameters correspond to the other two indexes. The analysis of loess microstructure indexes is very useful in researching climate change. Loess microstructure indexes can find new indicators and information about the monsoon climate evolution and paleoclimate changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"27-45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47048283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An image dataset of fusulinid foraminifera generated with the aid of deep learning","authors":"Hanhui Huang,&nbsp;Yukun Shi,&nbsp;Qin Chen,&nbsp;Huiqing Xu,&nbsp;Sicong Song,&nbsp;Yujie Shi,&nbsp;Furao Shen,&nbsp;Junxuan Fan","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.215","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.215","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fusulinid foraminifera are among the most common microfossils of the Late Palaeozoic and act as key fossils for stratigraphic correlation, paleogeographic and paleoenvironmental indication, and evolutionary studies of marine life. Accurate and efficient identification forms the basis of such research involving fusulinids but is limited by the lack of digitized image datasets. This article presents the first large image dataset of fusulinids containing 2,400 images of individual samples subjected to 16 genera of all six fusulinid families and labelled to species level. These images were collected from the literature and our unpublished samples through an automatic segmentation procedure implementing BlendMask, a deep learning model. The dataset shows promise for the efficient accumulation of fossil images through automated procedures and will facilitate taxonomists in future morphologic and systematic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"46-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44739527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A database of detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions from the Tarim, West Kunlun, Pamir, Tajik and Tianshuihai terranes","authors":"Shijie Zhang,&nbsp;Xiumian Hu,&nbsp;Jinrong Zhang,&nbsp;Qing Li,&nbsp;Yiwei Xu,&nbsp;Yuyang Yu,&nbsp;Liqin Han","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.213","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.213","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the development of detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope analysis as conventional sedimentological research methods, a large number of studies have been conducted in the Tarim, West Kunlun, Tajik, Pamir and Tianshuihai regions and abundant data have been accumulated. Summarizing these data to characterize sedimentary units and source regions is more important than local studies of specific geological epochs; therefore, we compiled a database of detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope analyses from the Tarim, West Kunlun, Pamir, Tajik and Tianshuihai terranes. The database contains data from 90 papers, including 35,281 individual U–Pb ages and 4,181 Hf isotope analyses. The database records the literature source, petrologic sample information, regional geological information, geographic coordinates and analytical parameters for each data point in as much detail as possible to allow readers to review, process, analyse and use the data. The database relies on the Deep-time Digital Earth (DDE) platform and uses an open database update system to enable sharing and collaborative building. We encourage other researchers to contribute relevant published data to facilitate wider use.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":"11 2","pages":"118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48429877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a three-dimensional hydrogeological model for the island of Norderney (Germany) using GemPy","authors":"Patrick Haehnel,&nbsp;Holger Freund,&nbsp;Janek Greskowiak,&nbsp;Gudrun Massmann","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.208","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.208","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Geological information is required to parameterize hydrogeological properties in groundwater flow models. Our aim was to provide a hydrogeological model for the island of Norderney, Northwest Germany and the surrounding Wadden Sea for this purpose. The model focuses on Holocene, Pleistocene and Pliocene deposits which are the most relevant to groundwater flow in and around the island's freshwater lens. For these geological units, borehole data was available that allowed us to distinguish between sediments acting as aquifers and aquitards. Conceptual units were derived that comprise the most common stratigraphic and petrographic features into discrete entities. The borehole data was supplemented by maps of the pre-Holocene surface as well as data from an existing stratigraphic model for deeper geological units. The model was developed and created using the open-source geological modelling software GemPy. The resulting model contains major hydrogeological units that can be assumed continuous over a larger extent of the model area based on the available data. From the deeper geology, a possible range of locations of the aquifer base below Norderney was extracted. By integrating borehole data, existing geological models and geological interpretations available in the literature, this dataset complements the so far mainly cross-sectional and partial descriptions of the hydrogeology below Norderney.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":"11 3","pages":"267-283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45106286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dataset of detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions for the late Paleozoic–Mesozoic strata in the North China block","authors":"Wentao Yang,&nbsp;Qiang Li,&nbsp;Jianghai Yang,&nbsp;Te Fang,&nbsp;Rui Ma","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.211","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.211","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The construction of databases of detrital zircon is important for Earth science research. A total of 27,915 U–Pb ages and 4,968 Hf isotopic compositions of detrital zircons from the upper Paleozoic–Mesozoic strata of the North China Block were compiled from articles in the Web of Science and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure. This dataset yields five age groups, at 3.9–1.0 Ga, 1,000–540 Ma, 540–360 Ma, 360–240 Ma and 240–95 Ma. The 3.9–1.0 Ga group has two peaks at ~2.5 and ~ 1.85 Ga. The 1,000–540 Ma and 540–380 Ma groups have three peaks at ~920 Ma, 780–750 Ma and ~ 440 Ma. Detrital zircon grains with ages of 360–240 Ma have multiple age peaks at ~380, ~320, ~280 and ~250 Ma. The group with ages of 240–95 Ma yields four peak ages at ~220, ~180, ~160 and ~120 Ma. Corresponding <i>ε</i>Hf(<i>t</i>) values range from −81.3 to +41.9, with two-stage Hf model ages (<i>T</i>_DM2) of 4,335–204 Ma. This dataset provides a comprehensive and systematic archive of detrital zircon data for Paleozoic–Mesozoic successions in the North China Block, which can be used to track tectono-sedimentary and crustal evolution. In using this dataset, two issues need to be considered. First, the number of detrital zircon analyses from each sample varies markedly, which may influence the interpretation of the dataset. Second, there may be large uncertainties in the stratigraphic ages assigned to the samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":"11 4","pages":"414-425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44578934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online data service for geologic formations (Lexicons) of China, India, Vietnam and Thailand with one-click visualizations onto East Asia plate reconstructions","authors":"Wen Du,&nbsp;Suyash Mishra,&nbsp;James G. Ogg,&nbsp;Yuzheng Qian,&nbsp;Sabrina Chang,&nbsp;Karan Oberoi,&nbsp;Aaron Ault,&nbsp;Sabin Zahirovic,&nbsp;Hongfei Hou,&nbsp;D. S. N. Raju,&nbsp;O’Neil Mamallapalli,&nbsp;Gabriele M. Ogg,&nbsp;Haipeng Li,&nbsp;Christopher R. Scotese,&nbsp;Bui Dong","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.210","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.210","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Paleogeography is the merger of sediment and volcanic facies, depositional settings, tectonic plate movements, topography, climate patterns and ecosystems through time. The construction of paleogeographic maps on tectonic plate reconstruction models requires a team effort to compile databases, data sharing standards and map projection methods. Two goals of the Paleogeography Working Group of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) program for Deep-Time Digital Earth (DDE) are: (1) to interlink online national lexicons for all sedimentary and volcanic formations, and develop online ones for nations that currently lack these; (2) to target specific regions and intervals for testing/showcasing paleogeography output from the merger of these databases. Following those goals, we developed and applied new cloud-based lexicon data services and interactive visualization techniques to regions in East Asia. This has been a successful collaboration among computer engineers and plate modellers and has involved stratigraphers in India (ONGC), China (Chengdu Univ. Tech., and Chinese Acad. Geol. Sci.), United States (Paleomap Project, and Purdue Univ.), Australia (GPlates visualization team) and Vietnam (Vietnam Nat. Univ.). Independent online lexicons with map-based and stratigraphy-based user interfaces have been developed (as of the date of this submission in March 2022) for all Proterozoic to Quaternary formations on the Indian Plate (over 800) and Vietnam (over 200), the majority of the Devonian through Neogene of China (ca. 2000) and partially for Thailand. A multi-database search system returns all geologic formations of a desired geologic time from these four independent databases. With one click, users can plot the regional extent of one or of all of those regional formations on different plate reconstruction models of that desired age, and these polygons are filled with the lithologic facies pattern.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":"11 4","pages":"1044-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42238371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A data screening approach to confirming a target mineral is chlorite using EPMA and LA-ICPMS data","authors":"N. Freij,&nbsp;D. D. Gregory,&nbsp;Y. Liu","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.190","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.190","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Applying machine learning techniques to large datasets of in situ analyses has been proven to be a powerful tool in Earth Sciences. However, problems may arise when dealing with minerals such as chlorite, that exist as a solid solution rather than a single, stoichiometric ideal. It can be difficult to determine whether the variations in major element concentrations are due to compositional difference in the mineral of interest or due to sampling of the surrounding mineral phases in addition to the mineral of interest during the analyses. If the latter, interpretations of the results would be complicated, misled or even spurious. Here we present a method to identify chlorite based on the major and minor element content, from both LA-ICPMS and EPMA data. Further we present a dataset of 3,317 analyses of chlorite and have shown that 7.4% of these analyses include significant quantities of non-chlorite material.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":"10 4","pages":"500-504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.190","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48657908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially consistent physical characteristics of UK rivers: 1-km data","authors":"Helen N. Davies,&nbsp;Ponnambalam Rameshwaran,&nbsp;Victoria A. Bell,&nbsp;Simon Dadson","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.209","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.209","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The physical river characteristics datasets described here provide spatially consistent information to support hydrological and inundation modelling at a 1 km × 1 km resolution across the United Kingdom, on the British National Grid. The datasets of physical river characteristics provide gridded datasets (outflow drainage directions, catchment areas, widths of bankfull rivers and depths of bankfull rivers) and a comma-separated table of NRFA (National River Flow Archive) gauging station locations. These datasets are derived from a range of sources: outflow drainage directions, catchment area and bankfull river widths are derived from existing higher resolution datasets, whereas bankfull river depths were harder to source and instead are derived from sparse historical measurements. The new gridded datasets provide a derived value for each UK land cell on the British National Grid (BNG). The comma-separated NRFA gauging station locations table provides the most appropriate locations of 1,499 river flow gauging stations on the 1 km resolution grids, together with the approximate error in the 1 km × 1 km gridded delineation of the upstream catchment area. This article explains how UK-wide 1-km grids of these variables were estimated, their format and how to use them. The data are available from the Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC).</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":"11 3","pages":"284-291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49251284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrometric data rescue and extension of river flow records: Method development and application to catchments modified by arterial drainage","authors":"Kate de Smeth,&nbsp;Joanne Comer,&nbsp;Conor Murphy","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.206","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.206","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extended hydrometric (water level and flow) records are presented for eight Irish catchments subject to arterial drainage. The procedures employed to collect and process historical data, extend flow records and compile key metadata and information about each gauging station are described. Procedures are developed to handle data quality issues related to hydrometric practices and equipment malfunction and to quality assure rescued data using quality codes that complement modern hydrometric practices. The workflow developed will assist other hydrometric data rescue efforts and minimize subjectivity during the rescue process. The newly extended records represent the longest continuous river flow series available in Ireland, extending to the commencement of formal hydrometric monitoring in the country in 1940. The resultant data sets add 150 years of daily data across eight stations and will provide a key new resource for hydrological studies into the impacts of arterial drainage and flow nonstationarity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":"11 2","pages":"176-196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43509155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/oet.12861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/oet.12861","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44322660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}