Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Quantitative characterization of composition heterogeneity in complex aortic thrombus using cardiac magnetic resonance: a case description.","authors":"Henghui Zhang, Yimo Zhou, Xiaochong Guo, Gang Li, Li Zhao, Xinhui Fang, Guan Wang","doi":"10.21037/qims-2024-2877","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2024-2877","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"8688-8692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced pulmonary vascular bed volume in cryptogenic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale: a myocardial contrast echocardiography study.","authors":"Li Xu, Jie Zhang, Donghua Wang, Yanli Lv, Xiaozhi Zheng","doi":"10.21037/qims-2025-425","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2025-425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary vascular bed volume (PVBV) in cryptogenic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) has not been well characterized. This study examined PVBV in cryptogenic stroke patients with suspected PFO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 469 patients underwent agitated saline contrast transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) between January 2021 and December 2024. PVBV was quantified by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the included patients, 423 were diagnosed with PFO, and 46 served as controls. The PFO group demonstrated elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and reduced right ventricular systolic function (all P<0.05), with significantly reduced PVBV compared to controls [242.89 (202.91-465.05) <i>vs</i>. 465.19 (422.53-536.35) mL, P<0.0001]. Multivariate analysis identified right-to-left shunt (RLS) severity, body surface area (BSA), and male gender as independent predictors of PVBV (P<0.05), modeled by the equation: PVBV = 623.427 × BSA - 39.559 × right-to-left shunt level - 130.929 × gender (male =1) - 622.993 (R²=0.447, P<0.0001). The model effectively predicted PVBV below 250 mL, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.811 (sensitivity, 77.2%; specificity, 86.2%). For PVBV below 200 mL, the AUC improved to 0.881 (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 73.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PVBV is reduced in cryptogenic stroke patients with PFO, and right-to-left shunt level, BSA, and gender were the factors associated with PVBV. Addressing these gaps could enhance the understanding of cardiopulmonary interactions in PFO.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"8163-8172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of CT-based atherosclerosis plaque imaging in coronary artery disease: from \"gatekeeper\" of invasive angiography to \"whistleblower\" of high-risk patients.","authors":"Qijing Zhou, Jiayi Fu, Manling Chen, Li Zhang, Xinyi Chen, Danyan Jin, Wenzhuo Zhang, Xiaojun Guan, Xiaojun Xu","doi":"10.21037/qims-2025-239","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2025-239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Computed tomography (CT)-based coronary atherosclerotic plaque studies have been continuously deepening and evolving, yet systematic trend analysis remains to be implemented. In this study, to explore the dynamic development in this field, we conducted a comprehensive and in-depth bibliometric analysis of CT-based atherosclerosis plaque imaging in coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our data sources were from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), in which the relevant documents were limited to articles written in English, with no time restrictions. Bibliometric analysis using Bibliometrix and VOSviewer was conducted, including keywords, citations, authors, institutions, countries, and also co-citation analyses of references and sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,195 publications between 1990 and 2024 were included, comprising 1,970 articles and 225 reviews. The number of publications displayed a strong upward trend. Based on the keywords analysis, the research topics could be sorted into 4 categories (disease, atherosclerotic plaque type, imaging technique, and study orientation) and the evolution of the research could be divided into four stages (initial, slow rise, wavelike rise, and blooming). The co-citation analysis showed that the sources were grouped into cardiovascular-related, metabolism-related, and radiology-related journals. Among 72 countries and 2,339 institutions, the USA ranked first with 1,003 articles and 58,759 citations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Through bibliometric analysis, we found that coronary atherosclerotic plaque studies have been evolving and are now blooming, with obvious trends and certain flow directions, which helps us to identify the current research challenges, as well as future research directions. The CT plaque imaging enabled coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to change from the \"gatekeeper\" of invasive angiography to the \"whistleblower\" of high-risk patients, meaning that its role has shifted from a selector reliant on coronary angiography to an identifier of patients at high risk of adverse cardiovascular events.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"7896-7908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of coronary artery calcium score with cardiovascular events: a retrospective study.","authors":"Xun Yu, Guifang Li, Wenbo Yin, Junni Hu","doi":"10.21037/qims-2025-549","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2025-549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) reflects coronary atherosclerosis burden, but its predictive value in different populations remains to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of CACS for cardiovascular events in different patient populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred patients (mean age 65.4±10.7 years; 63 males) who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) were retrospectively enrolled and classified into four CACS strata (0, 1-100, 101-399, ≥400). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) at 1 year. Survival curves and Cox regression were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with CACS ≥400 had the lowest 1-year survival probability (log-rank P=0.011), while CACS =0 group had the highest survival. Cox regression suggested CACS ≥400 was associated with a 4.76-fold higher risk of mortality or MACE compared to CACS =0 [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 4.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.82-12.45, P=0.012], after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Significant predictors included male sex (HR 3.72, P=0.047), smoking (HR 2.87, P=0.013), and hypertension (HR 4.76, P=0.009). In subgroup analysis, the predictive value of CACS was robust in males (P=0.0031) and hypertensive patients (P=0.021), but not significant in females or normotensives (P>0.5).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CACS is a significant independent predictor of mortality and MACE in symptomatic patients, with the strongest discriminative power in males and those with hypertension. These findings support the utility of CACS for risk stratification and early identification of high-risk individuals in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"8230-8238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplasia cutis congenita of limbs: diagnostic role of prenatal ultrasonography.","authors":"Fei-Lei Yan, Kai Wang, Tian-Gang Li, Bin Ma","doi":"10.21037/qims-2025-431","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2025-431","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"8733-8736"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and computed tomography characteristics of high-risk periampullary diverticulum.","authors":"Jun-Wei Gong, Tian-You Luo, Jiao Zhang, Zhu Zhang, Xin-Mei Wang, Qi Li","doi":"10.21037/qims-2024-2501","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2024-2501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periampullary diverticulum (PAD) is a common acquired extraluminal outpouching of duodenal mucosa and is often clinically overlooked. When complicated by biliary-pancreatic stones or inflammation, PAD may lead to severe biliary-pancreatic complications. Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is currently regarded as the gold standard for PAD diagnosis, its invasive nature and other limitations have led to computed tomography (CT) being increasingly preferred as the first-line imaging modality. However, the correlation between imaging features and clinical manifestations remains unclear for high-risk PAD (HRPAD), defined as PAD associated with cholelithiasis and biliary-pancreatic inflammation. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the clinical and CT characteristics of HRPAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data of 260 patients with HRPAD and 288 patients with non-high-risk PAD (N-HRPAD) who underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans between January 2018 and May 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical and CT features were compared between the groups. Independent factors for diagnosing HRPAD were identified through binary logistic regression analysis. Additionally, an external validation cohort comprising 150 patients from another center was used to test the predictive efficiency of the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with HRPAD were significantly older than those with N-HRPAD, with an average age of 72±10 and 68±11 years, respectively (P<0.001). Additionally, they exhibited a higher proportion of larger diverticula (>1.95 cm: 65.38% <i>vs</i>. 22.57%), larger common bile duct (CBD) size (>0.69 cm: 72.31% <i>vs</i>. 20.83%), and greater pancreatic duct (PD) dilation (>0.20 cm: 86.92% <i>vs</i>. 60.42%) (all P values <0.001). Furthermore, there was a greater prevalence of diverticular neck swelling in the HRPAD group than in the control group (23.08% <i>vs</i>. 4.86%; P<0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that a diverticulum size >1.95 cm, CBD size >0.69 cm, PD size >0.20 cm, and the presence of diverticular neck swelling were predictors significantly associated with HRPAD, yielding an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.848; meanwhile, the AUC of the external validation cohort was 0.829.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with HRPAD and those with N-HRPAD exhibited different clinical and imaging characteristics. A thorough understanding of these differences may facilitate early identification of HRPAD and timely treatment interventions, which would reduce complications related to biliary-pancreatic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"8239-8249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploratory study of the diffusion tensor imaging analysis along perivascular spaces (DTI-ALPS) index combined with quantitative analysis of choroid plexus volume and perivascular spaces in different cognitive stages of cerebral small vessel disease.","authors":"Wenli Lu, Li Yang, Ran Chen, Xinyi Chen, Shengnan Zhu, Liya Ji, Han Liao, Jing Qiang, Wenyi Li, Cheng Li, Dan Zhou","doi":"10.21037/qims-2025-733","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2025-733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a major contributor to cognitive impairment and dementia. Growing evidence suggests that impaired perivascular clearance plays a pivotal role in CSVD pathogenesis, yet non-invasive biomarkers for early cognitive decline remain limited. This study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of the diffusion tensor imaging analysis along perivascular spaces (DTI-ALPS) index, enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) numbers/volume, and choroid plexus volume (CPV) across different cognitive stages of CSVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from 102 CSVD patients [33 CSVD-cognitive normal (CSVD-CN); 39 CSVD-mild cognitive impairment (CSVD-MCI); 30 vascular dementia (VaD)] and 29 normal controls (NCs). Quantitative measurements of the DTI-ALPS index, EPVS numbers/volume, and CPV were obtained. Correlations with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores and diagnostic performance were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Progressive DTI-ALPS index reduction (NCs: 1.50±0.19, CSVD-CN: 1.41±0.17, CSVD-MCI: 1.34±0.16, VaD: 1.33±0.17; P<0.001, r=0.36) and increases in basal ganglia (BG)-EPVS numbers {NCs: 4 [3, 6], CSVD-CN: 14 [10, 17], CSVD-MCI: 16 [12, 25], VaD: 22 [13, 31]; P<0.001, r=-0.45} and CPV {NCs: 1.35 [1.02, 1.65] cm³, CSVD-CN: 1.39 [1.11, 1.72] cm³, CSVD-MCI: 1.88 [1.41, 2.94] cm³, VaD: 2.89 [2.09, 3.39] cm³; P<0.001, r=-0.43} correlated with cognitive decline. BG-EPVS numbers excellently distinguished CSVD from NCs [area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) =0.926; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.882-0.971; sensitivity =84.2%; specificity =89.7%]. CPV emerged as the optimal standalone biomarker for VaD (AUC =0.758; 95% CI: 0.647-0.869; sensitivity =82.8%; specificity =69.5%). The multiparametric model (DTI-ALPS + BG-EPVS numbers + CPV) achieved high diagnostic accuracy: NCs <i>vs.</i> CSVD: AUC =0.978, 95% CI: 0.958-0.998; VaD <i>vs.</i> NCs/CSVD-CN/CSVD-MCI: AUC =0.825, 95% CI: 0.747-0.903; CSVD-MCI/VaD <i>vs.</i> NCs/CSVD-CN: AUC =0.900, 95% CI: 0.847-0.952.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combining the DTI-ALPS index, BG-EPVS numbers, and CPV may enhance early diagnosis and subtype differentiation in CSVD-related cognitive impairment, supporting targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"8173-8188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography manifestations of drug-induced liver injury according to type and severity of injury.","authors":"Yao Chen, Yuzhen Xi, Fanfan Zhao, Huanhuan Li, Min Zhou, Yue Xu, Shufeng Fan, Miao Liu","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-2110","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-2110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has become a major cause of acute liver failure, and its incidence has been increasing steadily in recent years. This study aimed to compare the clinical and computed tomography (CT) imaging features of the variable biochemical damage and severity of DILI to establish a radiological model for predicting high-risk DILI based on CT image features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The eligible patients with DILI (January 2016 to March 2024) who underwent serum laboratory examination and contrast abdominal CT within 3 months of onset were retrospectively analyzed at Affiliated Xihu Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College (Institution I) and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Institution II). The severity-associated CT features were determined via binomial logistic regression analysis, and the efficacy of the different models were compared. The odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) provided were not adjusted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The injury types included hepatocellular (n=68, 45.64%), mixed (n=28, 18.79%), and cholestatic (n=53, 35.57%). The proportion of splenomegaly in patients with cholestatic injury (56.60%) was significantly higher than that in those with hepatocellular (35.71%) and mixed injury (22.06%) (P<0.001). Regarding severity, 127 (85.23%) patients had mild-to-moderate injury, and 22 (14.77%) had severe-to-fatal injury or required liver transplantation (LT). Injury severity was independently associated with quantitative liver-spleen contrast (Q-LSC) (OR =0.002; 95% CI: 0.00-0.13), and ascites (OR =70.83; 95% CI: 16.34-306.99). The prediction of the new model employing Q-LSC and ascites for high-risk DILI demonstrated excellent performance [area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) =0.929; sensitivity=0.818; specificity =0.953].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Statistical differences are observed in the serum biomarkers of DILI according to varying biochemical damage and degree of severity. Q-LSC and ascites were associated with the severity of DILI, and a combined model incorporating Q-LSC and ascites can effectively predict high-risk DILI.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"8553-8566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging biomarkers in antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis.","authors":"Xinrui Yu, Yujing Fang, Lu Sun, Jingjing Yang, Jau-Shyong Hong, Bo Sun, Ying Wang","doi":"10.21037/qims-2025-131","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2025-131","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Imaging, particularly multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), serves as an essential auxiliary examination for diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis (AE). The diversity of autoantibodies complicates the imaging presentation of AE, exhibiting both common and individual features across different subtypes of AE. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the imaging features of different subtypes of AE. The study aimed to explore imaging biomarkers for AE mediated by various subtypes of antibodies and clarify their significance in disease severity, treatment response, and prognosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The clinical and imaging data of 45 patients with AE at The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, collected from January 2013 to August 2022, were analyzed. Patients underwent multi-modal brain MRI. Lesion probability maps were generated, and regions of interest (ROIs) were selected based on lesion location and clinical-electroencephalographic features, for measurement of three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging (3D-T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2 FLAIR), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) sequences. These values were used for correlating with disease severity, antibody titers, response to treatment, and prognosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The study included 45 AE patients: 18 with anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1 (anti-LGI1), 11 with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR), 5 with anti-gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor B (anti-GABA&lt;sub&gt;B&lt;/sub&gt;R), 4 with anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), 4 with anti-glutamate decarboxylase 65 (anti-GAD65), and 3 with anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 (anti-Caspr2) encephalitis. MRI abnormalities were present in 62.2% of patients, lower than that of electroencephalography (EEG) (95.6%, P&lt;0.05). Imaging typically showed common features across different AE subtypes, predominantly involving the limbic system or regions outside of it, manifesting as T1 hypointensity, T2 FLAIR hyperintensity or mild hyperintensity, and normal or mild hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Different AE subtypes displayed specific imaging features: anti-LGI1 encephalitis often involved 2 locations: unilateral or bilateral hippocampus or basal ganglia; anti-NMDAR encephalitis showed a low rate of imaging abnormalities, with diffuse and unfixed cortical or subcortical T2 FLAIR hyperintensity. Anti-GABA&lt;sub&gt;B&lt;/sub&gt;R encephalitis primarily affected the temporal lobe or hippocampus. MOG antibody cortical encephalitis exhibited cortical swelling with T2 FLAIR hyperintensity in unilateral or bilateral hemispheres, particularly in the frontal lobe. Anti-GAD65 encephalitis involved the temporal lobe/hippocampus or pontocerebellar regions. The ADC value within the ROI positively correlated with both disease severity (r=0.6891, P&lt;0.0001) and prognosis score (r=0.8102, P","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"8372-8394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multisequence magnetic resonance imaging habitat analysis for pre-operative meningioma grade prediction.","authors":"Zongyou Cai, Ye Heng Wong, Tiffany Y So","doi":"10.21037/qims-2025-1041","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2025-1041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate grading of meningiomas is crucial for patient prognostication and management. Intratumoral heterogeneity may lead to differences in the biological and radiological properties observed within different tumor subregions. This study aimed to represent the spatial distributions and local patterns of tumor heterogeneity in meningiomas using non-invasive habitat analysis on filtered multisequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and evaluate the utility of integrated models combining habitat and clinical data for meningioma grade prediction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty patients with pathologically confirmed meningiomas [30 World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1, 28 grade 2, 2 grade 3] were retrospectively included in this cross-sectional study. Pre-operative T2-weighted (T2W) and T1-weighted with contrast (T1C) MRI sequences were processed using a three-dimensional (3D) Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) filter (σ=3), and four distinct tumor habitats were generated using Otsu's thresholding method. Relative mean, relative standard deviation (SD), and entropy were quantified for each habitat on MRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in relative mean intensities were observed between habitats in individual patients for both low-grade and high-grade meningiomas (P<0.01). High-grade meningiomas exhibited significantly higher relative mean and SD of T2W and T1C intensities across habitats compared to low-grade tumors (P≤0.03). The entropy of T1C was also significantly higher in high-grade tumors (P≤0.01). The integrated model incorporating the selected habitat measures and clinical factors achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.84 [95% bootstrap confidence interval (CI): 0.72-0.92] in differentiating high-grade from low-grade meningiomas, with 0.78 accuracy, 0.73 sensitivity, and 0.83 specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Habitat analysis of conventional multisequence MRI provides a promising non-invasive approach to capture tumor heterogeneity for meningioma grading.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 9","pages":"7874-7884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}