Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Blood flow changes in the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction following effective surgical reconstruction for unilateral pulsatile tinnitus with sigmoid sinus wall anomalies: a four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging analysis.","authors":"Xiaoyu Qiu, Rong Zeng, Pengfei Zhao, Heyu Ding, Han Lv, Chihang Dai, Xiaoshuai Li, Zhenghan Yang, Shusheng Gong, Zhenchang Wang","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-426","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) with sigmoid sinus wall anomalies (SSWAs) is often treated by surgical reconstruction. However, the effect of this surgical procedure on the PT-related blood flow is unclear. This study compared changes in the PT-related blood flow velocity and patterns in the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction (TSSJ) before and after surgical reconstruction using four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study analyzed patients with unilateral pulse-synchronous PT confirmed to have ipsilateral SSWAs on preoperative CT, who underwent surgical reconstruction and had pre- and postoperative 4D flow MRI, with PT eliminated or significantly alleviated after at least 6 months of follow-up. Quantitative and qualitative data of the blood flow properties, including bilateral velocity, and the net flow upstream and downstream of the TSSJ, as well as vortices in the TSSJ, were obtained and compared before and after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 19 patients were included in the study, of whom, 6 had sigmoid sinus wall dehiscence (SSWD), and 13 had a diverticulum. Significant differences were only observed in the ipsilateral upstream average velocity (V_avg) in the SSWA group, and the contralateral downstream maximum velocity (V_max) in the SSWA group and diverticulum group before and after treatment (P=0.01, P=0.01, P=0.04, respectively). No significant changes were observed in the other quantitative indicators. Among the 19 patients, 17 had vortices on the surgical side before surgery; 8 showed vortex disappearance, and 9 showed a reduction in the vortex intensity after surgery. Vortices were observed in 11 of the 13 patients with diverticulum before surgery, but these disappeared or slowed after surgical intervention. The high-speed jet flow remained unchanged in 16 patients with transverse sinus stenosis (TSS) before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Surgical reconstruction does not appear to have a significant effect on PT-related blood flow properties, which suggests that this surgery is safe; however, the risk of ongoing recurrence remains.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2376-2384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of two visual localization biopsy methods for suspicious breast lesions under mammography: a multicenter cohort study.","authors":"Tingting Liao, Yuting Yang, Xiaohui Lin, Xiaohui Lai, Yi Dai, Jie Ma","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-2114","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-2114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Compared with traditional mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) increases the detection of breast lesions by reducing the overlapping masking effect of glands through multi-angle exposures of a rotating X-ray tube. Breast biopsy under the guidance of mammography can effectively diagnose breast lesions. The main methods of mammography-guided biopsy include wire positioning, core needle biopsy (CNB), and vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB). Currently, it is mainly guided by stereotactic or DBT-guided localization. In this study, we conducted a retrospective study to compare the clinical efficiency and performance of DBT-guided and prone stereotactic (PS)-guided breast lesion biopsies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective analysis of 406 patients who underwent mammogram-guided biopsies from three hospitals between August 2020 and August 2024. The cohort comprised 234 cases of DBT-guided biopsies and 172 cases of PS-guided biopsies. The DBT-guided biopsy methods included wire positioning, CNB, and VABB. The PS-guided biopsy methods included wire positioning and CNB. Statistical analyses utilized the Chi-squared or Mann-Whitney U tests to compare the effectiveness of biopsy methods acquired under DBT guidance and PS guidance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In wire positioning and CNB, both the DBT-guided group and PS-guided group had higher biopsy success rates (100% <i>vs.</i> 92.6%, 100% <i>vs.</i> 96.2%), with no statistically significant difference (P=0.154 and P=0.127, respectively). Compared to the PS-guided group, the DBT-guided group had shorter total intervention (P<0.001) and lesion targeting time (P<0.001), less time to obtain the first effective positioning images (P<0.001), and fewer exposure times (P<0.001). The incidence of complications was lower in both DBT-guided and PS-guided groups, with no statistically significant difference (P=0.851 and 0.861, respectively). In addition, we successfully performed 69 cases of DBT-guided VABB. Compared with wire positioning and CNB under DBT guidance, this method also had shorter total intervention (19.49±4.75 minutes) and lesion targeting time (5.00, 7.00 minutes), and reduced exposure time (4.00, 5.00 exposures).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DBT-guided biopsies outperformed PS-guided biopsies in clinical efficiency, achieving quicker procedures and requiring fewer exposures while enabling the biopsy of a broader range of non-calcified breast lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2042-2052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective comparisons of three interpretation methods of fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography angiography.","authors":"Kun Xu, Lin Yang, Jingyuan Zhang, Wenhao Huang, Yumeng Hu, Xiaochang Leng, Yajun Liu, Xiaowei Liu, Hongfeng Jin, Yiming Tang, Jiangting Wang, Yitao Guo, Chen Ye, Jianjun Zhang, Jianping Xiang, Lijiang Tang, Changqing Du","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-600","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The selection of fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography (CT-FFR) calculation locations is of particular importance when determining ischemic lesions for guiding therapeutic strategies. However, to date, there has been no prospective research comparing different measured locations of CT-FFR. The study aimed to prospectively compare the diagnostic efficiency of three interpretation methods of CT-FFR, using invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) as the reference standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) examination and met the inclusion criteria at Zhejiang Hospital from January 2019 to June 2021 were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent invasive coronary angiography and FFR within 60 days after the CCTA examination. The CT-FFR values were computed using the novel computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based model, AccuFFRct. Diagnostic performance of vessel-level CT-FFR, lesion-specific CT-FFR, and ΔCT-FFR were evaluated with invasive FFR ≤0.8 as the reference standard and multivariate logistic regression was used to further analyze the influencing factors of their inconsistency with FFR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 124 patients with 143 vessels were included in this prospective study. On a per-vessel basis, vessel-level AccuFFRct and lesion-specific AccuFFRct had good correlation with invasive FFR (r=0.70 and r=0.66, respectively). With invasive FFR ≤0.8 as the reference standard for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), diagnostic accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) values of CCTA, vessel-level AccuFFRct, lesion-specific AccuFFRct, and ΔAccuFFRct in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia were 82.0%, 40.2%, 50.5%, 75.0%, 58.0%, 0.611; 93.4%, 89.0%, 86.4%, 94.8%, 90.9%, 0.937; 62.3%, 92.7%, 86.4%, 76.8%, 79.7%, 0.880 and 62.3%, 92.7%, 86.4%, 76.8%, 79.7%, and 0.854, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vessel-level AccuFFRct, lesion-specific AccuFFRct, and ΔAccuFFRct provided better diagnostic performance compared with CCTA, with vessel-level AccuFFRct being superior in predicting myocardial ischemia, whereas lesion-specific AccuFFRct and ΔAccuFFRct had higher specificity than vessel-level AccuFFRct.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2146-2161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of \"one-stop\" coronary and head-and-neck computed tomography angiography with different scan sequences using a wide-detector system: heart-to-cranial <i>vs.</i> cranial-to-heart.","authors":"Xiaojing Zhao, Yi Shan, Chong Zheng, Jingjuan Wang, Miao Zhang, Jie Lu","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-824","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>\"One-stop\" coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and head-and-neck computed tomography angiography (HNCTA) use heart-to-cranial or cranial-to-heart protocols with a wide-detector system. It is not yet known whether the HNCTA and CCTA scanning sequence affect the image quality. This study aimed to evaluate the image quality of one-stop computed tomography angiography (CTA) using two different protocols.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 150 patients were included in this case-control study, and divided into three groups (A, B, and C; n=50 each). Patients in groups A and B underwent one-stop CTA scans, with CCTA completed first in group A and HNCTA completed first in group B, while patients in group C underwent separate HNCTA and CCTA scans. The subjective image quality score and objective image quality measurements [computed tomography (CT) attenuation, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the vessels] of the groups were compared. The CT attenuation of the right atrium (RA), confluence of sinuses (CS), and internal jugular vein (IJV) were measured to evaluate the visualization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant differences between groups A and B (which received one-stop CTA) in terms of HNCTA, except for the SNR at the internal carotid artery, and the CNR at the common carotid artery. The percentages of coronary segments with assessable quality in groups A, B, and C were 99.17%, 97.50%, and 98.86%, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the objective measurements between groups A and B, except for the CT values at the left anterior descending artery, and left circumflex artery. Group B had the lowest CT attenuation values for the RA, IJV, and CS (P<0.05). The effective doses of groups A and B (which received one-stop CTA) were lower than that that of group C (which received separate HNCTA and CCTA scans).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using a wide-detector CT system, one-stop CCTA and HNCTA can provide images of the carotid, cerebral, and coronary arteries. Performing HNCTA before CCTA scanning can effectively reduce the residual contrast in the RA and the visualization in veins.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"1898-1911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of modifiable factors on image quality of prostate magnetic resonance imaging and PI-RADS scores.","authors":"Lukas Lambert, Iva Macova, Monika Wagnerova, Martin Jurka, Romana Burgetova, Otakar Capoun, Andrea Burgetova","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1776","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diagnostic accuracy of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly dependent on image quality. Although the effects of spasmolytics and rectal preparation have been previously studied, the findings remain inconsistent and fail to address other critical modifiable factors. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of various modifiable factors on prostate MRI image quality and their subsequent influence on Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scoring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-six consecutive patients who underwent 3T multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) with the administration of hyoscine butylbromide (HB+) and at least one 3T mpMRI without HB (HB-) ≤3 years earlier were retrospectively evaluated. Two radiologists performed morphometry of the prostate, bladder, rectum, and abdomen and evaluated image quality, artifacts, and motion on a five-point scale and T2 and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) PI-RADS v2.1 scores. The influence of HB, rectum and bladder distension, breathing motion, and examination hour were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sharpness and overall image quality of T2 images were significantly better in HB+ compared to HB- (P=0.0047 and P=0.013). T2 motion artifacts were reduced earlier in the day (ρ=0.32, P=0.017). DWI susceptibility artifact correlated with patient diameter (ρ=0.40, P=0.002), but not with rectum diameter (ρ=0.09, P=0.51) or gas content (ρ=0.13, P=0.33). Examinations later in the day were associated with increased motion artifacts on T2 [hazard ratio (HR) =1.36]. T2 and DWI scores were influenced by bladder volume, breathing motion, and rectal air, but not by HB. Breathing motion negatively impacted overall image quality (HR =1.24), and DWI susceptibility artifacts (HR =1.22).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HB administration, daytime, and breathing motion have significant influence on image quality of prostate MRI. The gas content of the rectum influences T2 image quality and T2 scores. Bladder filling is associated with reduced breathing motion, subsequently affecting DWI scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2433-2443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced deep learning for multi-class colorectal cancer histopathology: integrating transfer learning and ensemble methods.","authors":"Qi Ke, Wun-She Yap, Yee Kai Tee, Yan Chai Hum, Hua Zheng, Yu-Jian Gan","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1641","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer is a major global health threat, constantly endangering people's well-being and lives. The application of deep learning in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer can improve early detection rates, thereby significantly reducing the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer patients. Our study aims to optimize the performance of deep learning model in the classification of colorectal cancer histopathological images to assist pathologists in improving diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we developed ensemble models based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the classification of colorectal cancer histopathology images. The method first involved data preprocessing techniques such as patch cropping, stain normalization, data augmentation and data balancing on histopathology images with different magnifications. Subsequently, the CNN models were fine-tuned and pre-trained using transfer learning methods, and models with superior performance were then selected as the base classifiers to build the ensemble models. Finally, the ensemble models were used to predict the final classification outcomes. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed models, we tested their performance on a publicly available colorectal cancer dataset, Enteroscope Biopsy Histopathological Hematoxylin and Eosin Image (EBHI) dataset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experimental results show that the proposed ensemble model, composed of the top five classifiers, achieved the promising classification accuracy across sub-databases with four different magnification factors. Specifically, on the 40× magnification subset, the highest classification accuracy reached 99.11%; on the 100× magnification subset, it reached 99.36%; on the 200× magnification subset, it was 99.29%; and on the 400× magnification subset, it was 98.96%. Additionally, the proposed ensemble model achieved exceptional results in recall, precision, and F1 score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed ensemble models obtained good classification performance on the EBHI dataset of histopathological images for colorectal cancer. The findings of this study may contribute to the early detection and accurate classification of colorectal cancer, thereby aiding in more precise diagnostic analysis of colorectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2329-2346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a novel echocardiography-based nomogram for the streamlined classification of cardiac tumors in cancer patients.","authors":"Yuwei Bao, Chenyang Lu, Qun Yang, Shirui Lu, Tianjiao Zhang, Jie Tian, Dan Wu, Qingwen Kang, Pengfei Zhang, Yani Liu","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1096","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differentiating cardiac tumors is crucial for treatment planning, but the specificity of echocardiography as a first-line screening tool is limited. This study aimed to develop a streamlined classification model for cardiac tumors in cancer patients using echocardiographic data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 215 echocardiographic clips representing cardiac tumors from 121 patients with extracardiac malignancies were selected and divided into training and testing cohorts. The cardiac neoplasms were classified as benign or malignant based on substantial evidence. Radiomics features were extracted utilizing PyRadiomics, and a radiomics score (Rad-score) was subsequently computed through an optimized machine learning (ML) framework tailored for tumor classification. Non-experience-dependent indicators (NDIs) derived from baseline and echocardiographic assessments were ascertained and integrated with the Rad-score to construct a classification model. A composite nomogram was developed, and its predictive accuracy was benchmarked against that of junior and senior physicians using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in the Rad-scores and four NDIs [age, tumor location, and long and short diameters (SDs)] (all P<0.05) distinguished benign from malignant tumors. Patients with malignant cardiac tumors were more likely to be younger, for the tumor to be in the right cardiac circulatory system, be larger in size, and have a lower Rad-score. Among these indicators, the Rad-score, tumor location, and SD were shown to be independent predictors of malignancy. The integrated model demonstrated strong classification capability [area under the curve (AUC): 0.873; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.820-0.914], which was substantiated in the test cohort (AUC: 0.861; 95% CI: 0.807-0.904). The classification performance of the generated nomogram was comparable to that of the senior doctor (AUC: 0.867 <i>vs.</i> 0.873, DeLong P=0.928) and surpassed that of the junior doctor (AUC: 0.867 <i>vs.</i> 0.669, DeLong P=0.029). DCA indicated that the nomogram was superior to the junior physician for classification tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study developed a nomogram that involved radiomics and objective indicators based on echocardiography to effectively distinguish between malignant and benign cardiac tumors, thereby improving classification practices and decision-making in diverse clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"1873-1887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of hypoperfused tissue volume in large vessel occlusions: pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling versus dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion-weighted imaging.","authors":"Chenxi Zhao, Chen Cao, Lei Ren, Huiying Wang, Gemuer Wu, Dingwei Fu, Jinxia Zhu, Chao Chai, Yu Guo, Shuang Xia","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1560","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, the selection of patients with acute anterior large vessel occlusions (LVOs) for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is primarily based on dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) or computed tomography (CT) perfusion imaging. This study investigated the consistency between hypoperfused tissue (HPT) (time to maximum >6 s, Tmax >6 s) volumes estimated by corrected and uncorrected multidelay pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) and DSC-PWI in patients with anterior LVOs and also evaluated the diagnostic performances in selecting patients with acute LVOs for EVT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled patients with acute (n=108) and symptomatic chronic (n=90) LVOs. Shapiro-Wilk tests and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) compared the consistency of HPT volume calculated by DSC-PWI and multidelay pCASL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multidelay pCASL with different thresholds in acute LVOs were 128.8 [interquartile range (IQR), 76.2-181.1] mL in uncorrected relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) <40%, 84.1 (IQR, 36.8-133.9) mL in uncorrected CBF <20 mL·100 g^-1·min^-1 <i>,</i> and 74.4 (IQR, 26.2-118.0) mL in corrected CBF <20 mL·100 g^-1·min^-1, which were comparable to the volume of 69.5 (IQR, 20.0-121.4) mL automatically determined by Tmax >6 s in DSC-PWI, and showed substantial consistency after correction (ICC =0.742). Multidelay pCASL with different thresholds in symptomatic chronic LVOs was 78.3 (IQR, 53.5-129.4) mL, 59.8 (IQR, 16.6-98.5) mL and 36.4 (IQR, 10.1-85.3) mL, which were comparable to the volume of 0 (IQR, 0-36.4) mL in DSC-PWI, and showed substantial consistency after correction (ICC =0.617). Using DEFUSE 3 as the reference standard, the CBF corrected by arterial transit time (ATT) showed good performance in selecting patients for EVT (area under the curve 0.804, 95% confidence interval: 0.717-0.891).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The volume of HPT defined by corrected CBF <20 mL·100 g^-1·min^-1 is consistent with that of DSC-PWI in acute and chronic symptomatic LVOs patients. Multidelay pCASL adjusted by ATT is more applicable to clinical routine.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2053-2064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered hypothalamus functional connectivity and psychological stress in patients with alopecia areata.","authors":"Yingxing Duan, Dongcui Wang, Yitao Mao, Gechang Cheng, Weihua Liao, Junfeng Li","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1684","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alopecia areata (AA) is a nonscarring chronic inflammatory hair loss disease with a complex etiology. Psychological stress and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis have been strongly linked to the etiology of AA, but the associated changes in intrinsic brain activity remain unknown. We hypothesized that patients with AA exhibit altered hypothalamic activity that is linked to psychological stress. This study aimed to characterize the altered hypothalamic activity in patients with AA and its relationship to psychological stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 102 patients with AA and 84 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to assess brain activity and completed neuropsychological evaluations, including the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) score and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). Additionally, patients with AA were assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and blood samples were obtained to measure total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. We chose the hypothalamus as the region of interest (ROI) to compare alterations in hypothalamic of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) between patients with AA and HCs. Analyses of the correlation of brain activity and clinical data were conducted, including neuropsychological tests, DLQI, and blood samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HAM-A score, the HAM-D score, and the altered ALFF in the hypothalamus showed a statistically significant difference between patients with AA and HCs (P<0.05). Patients with AA exhibited increased FC between the hypothalamus, the left postcentral gyrus, and right inferior temporal gyrus (Gaussian random field-corrected: voxel <0.001 and cluster <0.05). Moreover, increased FC between the hypothalamus and left postcentral gyrus was positively correlated with HAM-D score (r=0.296; P=0.020), while increased FC between the hypothalamus and the right inferior temporal gyrus was negatively correlated with both DLQI (r=-0.256; P=0.012) and total serum IgE (r=-0.203; P=0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with AA exhibited altered hypothalamus activity and connectivity. These alterations may underlie the neurophysiological basis of psychological stress experienced by patients with AA.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"1834-1844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative synthetic MRI reveals grey matter abnormalities in patients with spinal muscular atrophy types 2 and 3.","authors":"Cui Yan, Shasha Lan, Huang Wang, Huirong Nie, Pei Xiang, Boyan Xu, Shu Su, Zhiyun Yang, Wen Tang, Yijuan Li, Yujian Liang, Yingqian Chen","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1095","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies have shown that spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is not limited to lower motor neurons. This cross-sectional study aimed to quantitatively investigate the gray matter (GM) alterations in patients with SMA types 2 and 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study. T1 and T2 maps that were extracted from synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) were compared between patients with SMA and healthy controls (HC). Between-group comparisons were made between SMA type 2 and type 3. The association between brain regions with significantly altered T1 and T2 values and clinical measurements were evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with HC, patients with SMA showed widespread altered T1 and T2 values in GM, mainly referring to the cerebellum, default mode network, attention and execution control network, and salience network. Negative correlations were found between Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE) scores and T2 values of the left orbital part of superior frontal gyrus (P=0.013) and the right olfactory cortex (P=0.008) in the patient group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Altered T1 and T2 values involving multiple GM regions of the brain demonstrate widespread microscopic alterations in patients with SMA, which might provide an idea for quantitative measurement of SMA nerve damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2319-2328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}