Journal of High Energy Astrophysics最新文献

{"title":"On the Hubble expansion in a Big Bang quantum cosmology","authors":"Maurice H.P.M. van Putten","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Hubble expansion of the Universe is considered in the classical limit of a Big Bang quantum cosmology. In an IR-consistent coupling to the bare cosmological constant, we infer a dark energy as a relic of the Big Bang by loss of time-translation invariance on a Hubble time-scale. This dark energy is identified with the trace <em>J</em> of the Schouten tensor permitting an analytic solution <span><math><mi>H</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>z</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>. Anchored by the <em>Baryonic Accoustic Oscillations</em>, <em>J</em>CDM predicts a Hubble constant <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msqrt><mrow><mn>6</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msqrt><mspace></mspace><msubsup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>Λ</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> alleviating <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-tension between the Local Distance Ladder and <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>Λ</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> in ΛCDM, whose dark energy Λ is a constant. Emulated by <span><math><mi>w</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>)</mo><mi>Λ</mi></math></span>CDM, a CAMB analysis shows a <em>J</em>CDM fit to the <em>Planck</em> 2018 <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> power spectrum on par with ΛCDM with small positive curvature consistent with <em>Planck</em>-ΛCDM with no extra relativistic degrees of freedom. In late-time cosmology, <em>J</em>CDM is also consistent with the BAO recently measured by DESI. <em>J</em>CDM offers a novel framework to address <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-tension, predicting background quantities consistent with the uncertainties in BAO measurements and early-Universe observations. It predicts a deceleration parameter <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≃</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, that may be tested with upcoming low-redshift galaxy surveys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 194-199"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interplay of WGC and WCCC via charged scalar field fluxes in the RPST framework","authors":"Mohammad Reza Alipour ,&nbsp;Jafar Sadeghi ,&nbsp;Saeed Noori Gashti ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali S. Afshar","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we investigate the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC) for the Reissner-Nordström (R-N) AdS black hole within the framework of restricted phase space thermodynamics (RPST). Additionally, we consider energy flux and the equivalence mass-energy principle to examine the weak gravity conjecture (WGC) alongside the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. The interaction of incoming and outgoing energy flux leads to changes in the black hole. We examine whether the second law of thermodynamics holds in this scenario. It is noted that, when absorption and superradiance reach equilibrium, and by using the thermodynamics of black holes in restricted phase space, if the black hole is in or near an extreme state with radiation and particle absorption, the weak cosmic censorship conjecture is upheld. Furthermore, by employing the equivalence mass-energy principle and second-order approximation near extremality, we find that when the black hole radiates and its central charge exceeds the scaled electric charge, the superradiance particles adhere to the weak gravity conjecture. This causes the black hole to move away from its extreme state. However, when particles that obey the weak gravity conjecture are attracted to a very small black hole, the black hole approaches its extremality state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some aspects of ModMax (A)dS black holes: Thermodynamics properties, heat engine, shadow, null geodesic and light trajectory","authors":"B. Eslam Panah ,&nbsp;N. Heidari","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we focus on the extraction of electrically charged black holes in the presence of modified Maxwell nonlinear electrodynamics and the cosmological constant, known as ModMax-(A)dS black holes. These black holes are of particular interest due to the substantial influence of the nonlinear Maxwell field (ModMax) and the cosmological constant on their properties. After obtaining exact ModMax-(A)dS black hole solutions, we proceed to study their thermodynamic properties, including conserved and thermodynamic quantities, as well as the first law of thermodynamics in a non-extended phase space. The local and global stabilities of these black holes are then assessed. Local stability is evaluated by examining the heat capacity while determining global stability involves calculating the Helmholtz free energy. Then, we investigate the heat engine of ModMax (A)dS black holes, considering the effects of the ModMax parameter and the cosmological constant on all quantities. Moreover, we explore the imprint of ModMax (A)dS black hole parameters on the critical orbits and shadow radius size, the results are compared with EHT observational data of the Sagittarius A^⁎ black holes. Lastly, the null geodesics and light trajectory are discussed in the presence of the ModMax theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 181-193"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Power law cosmology in Gauss-Bonnet gravity with pragmatic analysis","authors":"Rita Rani ,&nbsp;Shaily ,&nbsp;G.K. Goswami ,&nbsp;J.K. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we present an approach <span><math><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> gravity incorporating power law in <em>G</em>. To study the cosmic evolution of the universe given by the reconstruction of the Hubble parameter given by <span><math><mi>E</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>z</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>z</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>+</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>z</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>β</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>β</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></msup></math></span>. Subsequently, we use various recent observational datasets of OHD, Pantheon, and BAO to estimate the model parameters <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>α</mi></math></span>, and <em>β</em> applying the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique in the emcee package to establish the validity of the model. In our findings, we observe that our model shows consistency with standard ΛCDM, transits from deceleration to acceleration, and enters the quintessence region in late times. The cosmological model satisfies necessary energy constraints, simultaneously violating the strong energy condition (SEC), indicating a repulsive nature and consistent with accelerated expansion. The cosmic evolution of the Hawking temperature and the total entropy for the various observational datasets also show the validity of the model. Thus, our established model demonstrates sufficient potential for explicitly describing cosmological models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 168-180"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quasinormal modes and greybody bounds of black holes endowed with modified Chaplygin gas","authors":"Y. Sekhmani ,&nbsp;D.J. Gogoi ,&nbsp;S.K. Maurya ,&nbsp;K. Boshkayev ,&nbsp;M.K. Jasim","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the quasinormal modes and greybody factors of black holes with modified Chaplygin gas. Applying the WKB approximation method, we analyze the impact of model parameters <em>A</em>, <em>β</em>, <em>B</em>, and <em>γ</em> on the oscillation frequency and damping rate of gravitational waves. Parameters <em>A</em> and <em>β</em> initially decrease these measures before a gradual increase, while <em>B</em> significantly influences them with a distinct critical point behaviour, and <em>γ</em> causes a gradual increase. Additionally, we explore greybody factor bounds analytically, revealing that smaller multipole moments <em>l</em> yield higher bounds, increasing <em>A</em> decreases bounds slowly, <em>B</em> significantly increases them, <em>β</em> decreases them, and <em>γ</em> has a minimal impact. These findings enhance our insight of the dynamics of black holes with modified Chaplygin gas, particularly their quasinormal modes and greybody factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 200-213"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of turbulence on blazar variability - II: Stochastic variability within leptonic scenario","authors":"Bitan Ghosal ,&nbsp;Nilay Bhatt ,&nbsp;Subir Bhattacharyya ,&nbsp;Kuldeep Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the origin of the long-term stochastic variability of blazars in different wavebands is a decade-long problem. In this work, we investigate the stochastic variability of blazar emission within the framework of a time-dependent one-zone leptonic model. This model considers the acceleration of the relativistic electrons present in the blazar jet by both the Fermi first order and second order acceleration process, along with radiative energy loss of the same electrons and diffusive escape of those electrons from the acceleration/emission zone. The effect of second order Fermi acceleration is incorporated in the present model through momentum diffusion coefficient considering random scattering of the relativistic electrons by magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. We simulate the variability in the multi-wavelength photon light curves by introducing stochastic variation in the electron injection. Then estimated the power spectral density, probability density function and rms-flux relation to quantify the variability. Here, we show that for different types of stochastic injection process, the nature of the variability changes. The variability properties also depend on the nature of the MHD turbulence present in the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 146-159"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing the warped vacuum geometry around a Kerr black hole by quasi-periodic oscillations","authors":"Ali Vahedi ,&nbsp;M. Hossein Hesamolhokama ,&nbsp;Alireza Allahyari ,&nbsp;Jafar Khodagholizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the context of a new rotating black hole solution that incorporates a cosmological constant. Recent work by the authors in <span><span>Ovalle (2022)</span></span> interpreted the cosmological constant, denoted as Λ, as a form of vacuum energy and employed a gravitational decoupling approach to derive an extended Kerr–de Sitter black hole solution, which is geometrically richer than the classical case. In this study, we derive the expressions for timelike circular geodesics within this solution and, using a relativistic precision model, calculate the corresponding frequencies of the QPOs.</div><div>To constrain our model, we apply Bayesian formalism, utilizing data from three well-known microquasars: GRO 1655-40, XTE 1550-564, and GRS 1915+105. Our analysis reveals that Λ is degenerate and correlated with other parameters. Finally, we perform a Bayesian model comparison with the Kerr metric and find that the Kerr metric is favored among the models considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 125-134"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observational analysis of gravitational baryogenesis constraints in Einstein-Æther gravity","authors":"Abdul Malik Sultan ,&nbsp;Alishba Mushtaq ,&nbsp;Dean Chou ,&nbsp;Hamood Ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Hameed Ashraf ,&nbsp;Aziz Ullah Awan","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, we investigate the mystery of matter dominance over antimatter through gravitational baryogenesis in context of Einstein-Æther gravity. This study aims to focus on the phenomenon of baryon asymmetry produced in the universe a while after the Big Bang. The supremacy of matter over antimatter is quantified by <span><math><mfrac><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac></math></span> where <em>s</em> is entropy of the universe and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></math></span> is number of baryon (anti baryon). We take four different models from Einstein-Æther gravity to analyze the ratio <span><math><mfrac><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac></math></span> and compared our outcomes with the observational bounds. We found this ratio is consistent with the observational data. For a further verification, we examine the Hubble parameter (<em>H</em>) for each model and compared them with observational values, finding a high degree of agreement. Additionally, we perform Chi-square (<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>) test on Hubble parameter for each model to assess their compatibility with recent observational data. Furthermore, we compared our findings with the ΛCDM model and the latest Pantheon+SH0ES observational data. This comparison unveiled a reasonable level of consistency among the considered models and the observational data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 135-145"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cooling of neutron stars in soft X-ray transients with realistic crust composition","authors":"A.Y. Potekhin ,&nbsp;A.I. Chugunov ,&nbsp;N.N. Shchechilin ,&nbsp;M.E. Gusakov","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal radiation of neutron stars in soft X-ray transients (SXTs) in a quiescent state is believed to be powered by the heat deposited in the stellar crust due to nuclear reactions during accretion. Confronting observations of this radiation with simulations helps to verify theoretical models of the dense matter in neutron stars. We simulate the thermal evolution of the SXTs with theoretical models of the equation of state and composition of the accreted crust. The new family of such models were recently developed within a thermodynamically consistent approach by modeling the nuclear evolution of an accreted matter as it sinks toward the stellar center, starting from representative thermonuclear ash compositions. The crust cooling curves computed with the traditional and modern theory are compared with observations of SXTs MXB 1659−29 and IGR J17480−2446. We show that the new and traditional models of the accreted neutron star crusts are similar in their capability to explain the thermal evolution of neutron stars in SXTs. Both kinds of models require inclusion of additional ingredients not supplied by the current theory, such as the shallow heating and variation of thermal conductivity, to fit observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 116-124"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superflare on a rapidly-rotating solar-type star captured in X-rays","authors":"Andrey Mukhin ,&nbsp;Roman Krivonos ,&nbsp;Ilfan Bikmaev ,&nbsp;Mark Gorbachev ,&nbsp;Irek Khamitov ,&nbsp;Sergey Sazonov ,&nbsp;Marat Gilfanov ,&nbsp;Rashid Sunyaev","doi":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jheap.2024.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we studied X-ray source SRGe J021932.4−040154 (SRGe J021932), which we associated with a single X-ray active star of spectral class G2V-G4V and the rotational period <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>rot</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>9.3</mn></math></span> days. Additional analysis of TESS light-curves allowed for the rotational period estimation of <span><math><mn>3.2</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.5</mn></math></span> days. SRGe J021932 was observed with the <em>SRG</em>/eROSITA during eUDS survey in 2019 in a much dimmer state compared to the <em>XMM-Newton</em> catalogue 4XMM-DR12. Detailed analysis revealed that the archival <em>XMM-Newton</em> observations captured the source during a flaring event in 2017. The <em>XMM-Newton</em> light curve demonstrates a strong flare described with the Gaussian rise and exponential decay, typical for stellar flares, characterized by timescales of ∼400 s and ∼1300 s, respectively. The spectral analysis of the quiescent state reveals ∼10 MK plasma at luminosity of <span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>1.4</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.4</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>29</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> <span><math><mi>erg</mi><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> (0.3−4.5 keV). The spectrum of the flare is characterized by temperature of ∼40 MK and luminosity <span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>5.5</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.6</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>30</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> <span><math><mi>erg</mi><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. The total energy emitted during the flare <span><math><mo>∼</mo><mn>1.7</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>34</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> erg exceeds the canonical threshold of 10³³ erg, allowing us to classify the observed event as a superflare on a rapidly-rotating solar-type star. Additionally, we present the upper limit on the surface starspot area based on the brightness variations and consider the hypothesis of the object being a binary system with G-type and M-type stars, suggested by two independent estimations of radial velocity variations from APOGEE-2 and <em>Gaia</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54265,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Astrophysics","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 105-115"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}