Addiction Science & Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Virtual reality cue exposure as an add-on to smoking cessation group therapy: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"A M Kroczek, B Schröder, D Rosenbaum, A Mühleck, J Diemer, A Mühlberger, A C Ehlis, A Batra","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00561-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-025-00561-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cue exposure (CE) is used for relapse prevention as part of smoking cessation therapy to reduce the automatized response to smoking-related cues. Using CET in virtual reality (VR) is an approach to increase its efficacy by creating cost-efficient high-risk situations. The efficacy of VR-based CETs was compared to that of an unspecific relaxation intervention as an add-on to an established cognitive-behaviorally oriented smoking cessation group therapy (G-CBT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>N = 246 abstinence-motivated smokers were included in a two-armed randomized controlled trial (G-CBT with VR-CET vs. G-CBT with progressive muscle relaxation/PMR) with 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups (measurements in 2018-2020). All smokers joined a well-established G-CBT smoking cessation program with six sessions with four additional sessions of either VR-based smoking cue exposure therapy (VR-CET) or four sessions of group-based PMR. The primary outcome was abstinence after 6 months according to the Russell Standard; secondary outcomes included changes in the number of smoked cigarettes, craving (assessed by the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges/QSU), and self-efficacy (assessed by the Smoking Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale/SES) over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Primary outcome: Six months after G-CBT, 24% of the participants were abstinent, and there was no significant difference between the PMR (n = 34/124) and VR-CET (n = 24/122) groups (odds ratio PMR/VR = 0.64). Secondary measures: SES increased, and QSU and the number of smoked cigarettes decreased over time. Baseline craving ratings predicted abstinence only in the VR-CET group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This randomized controlled trial did not show increased abstinence rates related to smoking cue exposure in virtual reality. Secondary measures demonstrated significant reductions in craving and cigarette consumption as well as increases in self-efficacy over time, regardless of the intervention. However, high baseline craving was negatively related to abstinence in the VR-CET group, suggesting that intense craving was insufficiently addressed. This may indicate that the amount of training was insufficient and should be intensified. Individualization, e.g., adaptive, individualized approaches, is required to improve the effects of the VR-CET on smoking cessation in future studies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03707106.</p>","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional examination of characteristics of higher-dose buprenorphine prescriptions during the era of illicit fentanyl.","authors":"Bradley D Stein, Flora Sheng, Brendan K Saloner, Adam J Gordon, Jessica S Merlin","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00547-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-025-00547-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In response to greater illicit fentanyl use, buprenorphine daily doses exceeding the FDA's recommended target daily dose (16 mg) and maximum suggested daily dose (24 mg) may provide better outcomes, but little is known about higher dosage prescribing patterns. To better understand buprenorphine prescribing patterns, this manuscript examines the frequency and characteristics of dispensed buprenorphine of ≤ 16mg, > 16-24 mg, and > 24 mg daily dose.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used IQVIA data to conduct a cross-sectional study of opioid use disorder-indicated buprenorphine prescriptions dispensed at retail pharmacies January 2019 - December 2020; categorized prescriptions as ≤ 16mg, > 16 to 24 mg, and > 24 mg daily dose; and examined overall rates and rates by patient, insurer and county characteristics, and prescriber specialty. We categorized buprenorphine prescriptions by patient sex, age cohort, primary payment source, and prescriber specialty and state and conducted univariate and bivariate analyses of buprenorphine daily dose categories overall and among clinicians frequently prescribing buprenorphine at the highest doses, > 24 mg.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 19.5% (n = 5,568,964) of the 28 million buprenorphine prescriptions from 68,898 clinicians were > 16-24 mg; 2% (n = 641,390) were > 24 mg. Approximately 26% (n = 17,939) of clinicians wrote at least one prescription > 24 mg; 2,780 clinicians (4% of buprenorphine prescribers) were responsible for 82.2% (n = 527,597) of dispensed prescriptions > 24 mg. 28% of prescriptions > 24 mg written by these prescribers were cash-pay, 12.5% covered by Medicaid, and 6.7% covered by Medicare. There was no correlation between state fentanyl overdose rate and buprenorphine prescriptions > 24 mg per 1,000,000 residents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2019-2020, fewer than 3% of dispensed buprenorphine prescriptions exceeded the FDA suggested maximum of 24 mg daily dose; 80% of the prescriptions for a > 24 mg daily dose were written by 4% of buprenorphine prescribers. As clinicians and policymakers pay greater attention to ensuring individuals are receiving buprenorphine dosages adequate to effectively treat their opioid use disorder, the recently revised FDA recommendations may encourage such behavior. Additionally, disproportionate reliance on cash payment for higher daily doses suggests public and private insurers could facilitate access to such treatment when appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication misuse and illicit substance use among palliative care patients in German palliative care units- an evaluation from the perspective of palliative care providers.","authors":"Jannis Eersink, Julian Maul, Nils Heuser, Astrid Morin, Martin Gschnell, Christian Volberg","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00560-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13722-025-00560-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Palliative care focuses on controlling symptoms and improving the patient's quality of life. To achieve this, medications with addictive potential are often used. There have been various case reports of substance misuse in palliative care. This study aims to explore how practitioners perceive the issue and management of substance misuse in palliative care patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Following an extensive literature review, a 23-question questionnaire was developed to assess attitudes and practices related to substance misuse in palliative care and distributed to all German palliative care units (PCUs) listed on the website of the German Society for Palliative Medicine (n = 334).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 116 responses from PCUs (34.7%) were included in the analysis. Of these, 49.1% estimated that approximately 1-5% of their patients suffer from medication-related substance misuse. Most respondents (72.4%) assumed that 1-5% of their patients use illicit substances. In addition, 62.9% of the PCUs do not screen their patients for substance use disorders, while only 0.9% report doing so regularly. In the case of addiction problems, 55.2% of the PCUs do not implement any specific measures. Most respondents described their approach to prescribing medications with potential for substance misuse as liberal (71.6%) or very liberal (12.9%). Furthermore, 78.4% reported that the addictive potential of a medication has little or no influence on their prescribing decisions. Finally, 67.2% of participants expressed a desire for more education about addiction in palliative care.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The data collected in our study indicate that, from the perspective of palliative care professionals, substance use disorders are not perceived as a significant problem for patients receiving inpatient palliative care. However, we found that most PCUs do not screen their patients for substance misuse, suggesting that most practitioners may not have a comprehensive view of the actual number of dependent patients. Further research is therefore needed to obtain reliable data on the number of patients with substance use disorders in palliative care and to determine the point at which substance misuse is caused by medical prescription.</p>","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial assessment of a novel smoking cessation program integrating app-based behavioral therapy and an electronic cigarette: results of a pilot study.","authors":"Helen Schiek, Tobias Esch, Cosima Hoetger","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00559-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13722-025-00559-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Detrimental smoking-related health outcomes warrant the investigation of novel smoking cessation interventions; the cessation program nuumi integrates digital behavioral therapy and an electronic cigarette (EC).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The relationship between program participation and smoking cessation among adults who smoke and are motivated to quit was investigated, as well as program acceptability, changes in smoking-related outcomes, including cigarettes per day (CPD), urges to smoke and psychophysiological health variables (perceived stress, mindfulness, cessation-related self-efficacy, life satisfaction, subjective psychophysiological health) and their associations with smoking cessation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective 6-month single-arm pilot study was conducted; 71 adults who smoked and were motivated to quit received a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) app, a closed-system EC, and pods containing decreasing nicotine concentrations. Online surveys were issued at baseline, and at 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks post-baseline. Intention-to-treat (ITT) and complete-case analyses were conducted to assess self-reported 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence (PPA; primary outcome), 30-day PPA, and repeated PPA. T-tests and logistic regressions were used to assess changes in secondary outcomes CPD, urges to smoke, and psychophysiological health variables by smoking status at 12 and 24 weeks, and their relationship with cessation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Per ITT, self-reported abstinence rates were high at 12 weeks (39.4%), and 24 weeks (32.4%), as was 30-day PPA of 32.4% at both 12 and 24 weeks. Repeated PPA per ITT was 22.5% at both 12 and 24 weeks. Non-abstinent participants significantly reduced their CPD at 12 weeks (t(34) = 6.12, p < 0.001), and at 24 weeks (t(30) = 6.38, p < 0.001). Urges to smoke and perceived stress decreased, and mindfulness, cessation-related self-efficacy, life satisfaction and subjective psychophysiological health increased significantly (all ps < 0.05), predominantly in individuals who reported abstinence. Lower urges to smoke, lower perceived stress, and higher self-efficacy and subjective mental health were related to greater odds of cessation at 24 weeks (all ps < 0.05). Most participants rated the program as highly (43%) or moderately (54%) acceptable.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Program participation seems to support cessation and improvements in smoking-related outcomes, but adjustments to the program may be needed to improve engagement and acceptability. Findings may inform the development of future trials and cessation programs.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00032652, registered prospectively 09/15/2023, https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00032652.</p>","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking trazodone for insomnia in alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Jeffrey Pan, Jürgen Rehm, Evan Wood","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00552-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13722-025-00552-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insomnia is a common condition experienced by many individuals with excessive alcohol use and alcohol use disorder, and the serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor trazodone has emerged as a mainstay of treatment for insomnia in this population.</p><p><strong>Main body: </strong>However, an underappreciated literature has demonstrated potential for an increase in alcohol use while persons with alcohol use disorder are taking trazodone for sleep challenges. Additionally, multiple trials have identified trazodone's metabolite meta-Chlorophenylpiperazine as a pharmaceutical inducer of increased alcohol craving and use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased awareness in the potential of worsening drinking behaviour with trazodone accompanied by the preferential use of safer alternative treatment strategies can likely improve outcomes for patients with heavy drinking and alcohol use disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Promoting alcohol treatment engagement post-hospitalization with brief intervention, medications and CBT4CBT: protocol for a randomized clinical trial in a diverse patient population.","authors":"E Jennifer Edelman, Oscar F Rojas-Perez, Charla Nich, Joanne Corvino, Tami Frankforter, Derrick Gordon, Ayana Jordan, Manuel Paris, Melissa B Weimer, Brian T Yates, Emily C Williams, Brian D Kiluk","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00558-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13722-025-00558-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric assessment of the Moroccan version of the car, relax, alone, forget, friends, trouble (CRAFFT) scale among adolescent and young adults with a substance use disorder.","authors":"Hicham El Malki, Abdelfettah El-Ammari, Salma Ghofrane Moutawakkil, Samir Elgnaoui, Fatima El Houari, Karima El Rhazi, Btissame Zarrouq","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00557-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13722-025-00557-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble (CRAFFT) scale is a widely used screening tool for early identification of alcohol and other drug use, and assessing the risk of substance use disorders in adolescents and young adults. Despite its broad use, translation into several languages, and validation in various settings, no study has yet confirmed the psychometric properties of a Moroccan version. The present research aims to adapt and validate the Moroccan Arabic dialect version of the CRAFFT scale among adolescents and young adults with alcohol and drug use disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 302 adolescents and young adults (mean age = 18.36 ± 2.36), including 161 males and 41 females, were recruited from a substance use treatment center in Fez City. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to assess the factorial structure and model fit, while internal consistency was evaluated using the Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20). Convergent validity was examined using gold standard measures, including the International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the Hooked-on Nicotine Checklist (HONC). All statistical analyses were performed using JASP software (version 0.17).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CFA revealed a one-factor structure with a good overall fit (χ²/df = 1.91, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.06, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.03, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.98, Normed Fit Index (NFI) = 0.97. The model had strong reliability with a KR-20 coefficient of 0.80. Convergent validity was confirmed by a high and significant correlation with the MINI gold standard (r = 0.82, p < 0.001), while a low correlation with the HONC gold standard (r = 0.20, p < 0.001) confirmed the scale's convergent validity. A cutoff score of 4 or higher on the CRAFFT was identified as optimal for balancing sensitivity (78.35%) and specificity (91.67%), achieving a Youden index of 0.70.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The psychometric properties of the Moroccan version of the CRAFFT confirm that it is a valid tool for screening the early detection of alcohol and drug use and for assessing the risk of substance use disorders in adolescents and young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational perspectives on the impacts of scaling up overdose education and naloxone distribution in Kentucky.","authors":"Hannah K Knudsen, Sandra Back-Haddix, Shaquita Andrews-Higgins, Michael Goetz, Olivia A Davis, Douglas R Oyler, Sharon L Walsh, Patricia R Freeman","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00553-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13722-025-00553-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Efforts to scale up overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND), an evidence-based practice for reducing opioid overdose mortality, was a major focus of the HEALing Communities Study (HCS). The aim of this analysis is to describe the qualitative perspectives of partner organizations regarding the impacts of implementing OEND in a state that used a naloxone \"hub with many spokes\" model for scaling up this strategy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Small group (n = 20) and individual (n = 24) qualitative interviews were conducted with staff from 44 agencies in eight Kentucky counties that implemented OEND from April 2020 to June 2022. Interviews were conducted between 6 and 8 months after the end of the intervention. Initial deductive coding used the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, and then additional inductive sub-coding focused on passages within the OEND Effectiveness code. Thematic analysis was then utilized to identify themes regarding the impacts of implementing OEND.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants identified multi-level impacts of implementing OEND. At the individual-level, participants described lives being saved, greater access to naloxone for individuals served by the agency, reduced stigma toward OEND by clients, and greater client-level self-efficacy to respond to overdoses. Organizational impacts included improved staff readiness for overdose response, enhanced clinical relationships between staff and clients, and reduced staff stigma. Participants described positive impacts on their organizational networks and clients' social networks. Community-level impacts included greater overall access and reduced stigma toward OEND.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These qualitative data revealed that staff from agencies involved in a community-wide effort to scale up OEND perceived multi-level benefits, including saving lives, reducing stigma, improving naloxone access, and enhancing staff and client readiness, while strengthening organizational and community networks.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04111939. Registered 30 September 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04111939.</p>","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What smartphone apps exist to support recovery from opioid use disorder? A content analysis of publicly available opioid-related smartphone apps.","authors":"Alivia Williamson, Behnam Heydarshahi, Diadora Finley-Abboud, Lili Massac, Lindsay Jacobson, Naicha Christophe, Judeline Joseph, Allison Futter, Susanne S Hoeppner, Bettina B Hoeppner","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00549-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13722-025-00549-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An estimated 84,181 people died due to opioid overdose in 2022 alone [1]. Mobile technologies may offer an additional pathway to provide support to people seeking recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD). To this end, we conducted a content analysis of opioid-related apps to determine to what extent apps exist that provide support to people seeking or in recovery from OUD. For apps specifically targeting OUD recovery, we identified the tools these apps offer to users seeking support in their recovery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our team conducted a content analysis of publicly available opioid-related apps identified via web-scraping in the Apple and Google app stores. Using a two-step qualitative coding process, we first identified which apps were meaningfully related to OUD recovery and second identified what tools, if any, these apps provided.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Web-scraping identified 1,136 apps from the Apple App Store (n = 247) and Google Play (n = 889). Of those, 290 apps were specific to OUD recovery (65% of iOS apps, 35% of Android apps). Of those, 161 apps were included in our final analysis. The most common type of tools provided support for motivation (65.2%) and accountability (65.8%). Many apps (53%) also supported linkage to recovery support (e.g., meeting finder, telehealth). Surprisingly, fewer apps provided information about OUD recovery (43.5%) or tools for cravings (33.5%). 42.9% of apps had limited accessibility (e.g., paywalls, private invite).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results show a substantial increase in the number of apps designed to support OUD recovery. Nevertheless, there remains a need for apps that provide empirically supported information and tools. Furthermore, restrictions in accessibility (i.e., findability, cost, private) may limit the impact of available apps.</p>","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons from the National institutes of health innovation corps program: defining barriers to developing and commercializing novel solutions for persons with opioid use disorder.","authors":"Matthew P Heshmatipour, Tyler M Duvernay, Desislava Z Hite, Eboo Versi, Michael P Hite, David F Reeser, Victor Prikhodko, Ariana M Nelson, Bina Julian, Milton L Greenberg","doi":"10.1186/s13722-025-00554-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13722-025-00554-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Translating innovative research advancements into commercially viable medical interventions presents well-known challenges. However, there is limited understanding of how specific patient, clinical, social, and legal complexities have further complicated and delayed the development of new and effective interventions for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). We present the following case studies to provide introductory clinical, social, and business insights for researchers, medical professionals, and entrepreneurs who are considering or are currently developing medical.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four small business recipients of National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) small business grant funding collected a total of 416 customer discovery interviews during the 2021 National Institutes of Health (NIH) Innovation-Corps (I-Corps) program. Each business received funding to advance an OUD-specific innovation: therapeutics (2 companies), medical device (1 company), and Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) (1 company). Interview participants included stakeholders from a variety of disciplines of Substance Use Disorders (SUD) healthcare including clinicians, first responders, policymakers, relevant manufacturers, business partners, advocacy groups, regulatory agencies, and insurance companies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Agnostic to the type of product (therapeutic, device, or SaMD), several shared barriers were identified: (1) There is a lack of standardization across medical providers for managing patients with OUD, resulting in diverse implementation practices due to a fragmented healthcare policy; (2) Underlying Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) present unique challenges to medical care and contribute to poor outcomes in OUD; (3) Stigma thwarts adoption, implementation, and the development of innovative solutions; (4) Constantly evolving public health trends and legal policies impact development and access to OUD interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is critical for innovators to have early interactions with the full range of OUD stakeholders to identify and quantify true unmet needs and to properly position development programs for commercial success. The NIH I-Corps program provides a framework to educate researchers to support their product design and development plans to increase the probability of a commercially successful outcome to address the ongoing opioid epidemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":54223,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}