MODERN JUDAISM最新文献_第8页

A Late Nineteenth-Century Rabbinic Critique of the Status of Women in Judaism 19世纪晚期拉比对犹太教女性地位的批判

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-09-12 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjaa008

J. Schwartzmann

引用次数: 0

From Translation to Transmission: A Chapter in the Odyssey of Maurice Samuel 从翻译到传播:莫里斯·塞缪尔《奥德赛》一章

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-09-12 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjaa013

Alan T. Levenson

{"title":"From Translation to Transmission: A Chapter in the Odyssey of Maurice Samuel","authors":"Alan T. Levenson","doi":"10.1093/mj/kjaa013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mj/kjaa013","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:A reassessment of Maurice Samuel (1895–1972), author, translator, polemicist, and Zionist is long overdue. One of the most productive and durable of the group dubbed by historian Carole Kessner as The “Other” New York Jewish Intellectuals, Samuel may be characterized as a public intellectual who was content with making his marks in primarily Jewish contexts and without the anxieties of alienation characteristic of his more celebrated contemporaries. This essay addresses the role he played in conveying works from German, French, Hebrew, and Yiddish to an American audience. Four particular tensions receive attention: (1) the interplay between author and translator; (2) the relationship of a multilingual translator to the various source languages; (3) the inadequacy of the term translation for describing Samuel’s agenda; and (4) the reception of his pivotal works on the Yiddish authors Sholom Asch, Sholom Aleichem, and Y.L. Peretz. Samuel’s contributions invite reconsideration of our assumptions about the means and ends of cultural transmission in a modern context. I argue that Samuel’s works merit a better reputation, and that he has earned a place as one of twentieth-century American Jewry’s cultural heroes.","PeriodicalId":54089,"journal":{"name":"MODERN JUDAISM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82757525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stripes, Hats, and Fashion 条纹、帽子和时尚

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjaa011

Zvi Y. D. Ron

引用次数: 1

Four Paradigms of Legal Change: American Conservative Halachic Rulings on Women's Roles in Synagogue Practice 法律变革的四种范式:美国保守派对犹太教堂实践中妇女角色的Halachic裁决

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjaa001

Iddo Haklai

引用次数: 0

White Devils, Satanic Jews: The Nation of Islam from Fard to Farrakhan 白色恶魔，撒旦犹太人:从法德到法拉罕的伊斯兰民族

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjaa006

Stephen H. Norwood, Eunice G. Pollack

{"title":"White Devils, Satanic Jews: The Nation of Islam from Fard to Farrakhan","authors":"Stephen H. Norwood, Eunice G. Pollack","doi":"10.1093/mj/kjaa006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mj/kjaa006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This article explores how the American white far right—including the Christian Front, Christian Mobilizers, and Gerald L. K. Smith—helped shape the Nation of Islam's (NOI) antisemitism during the 1930s and 1940s. It also examines the strong influence of Harlem's pro-Axis Black Fuehrers on the NOI during World War II. Nation of Islam and white far-right propaganda were remarkably similar. Both embraced the Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion, denied or minimized the Holocaust, and were virulently anti-Zionist. After elaborating on the context within which the Nation of Islam created its ideology, the article explores how the NOI, which originally identified whites, Christians and Jews as devils, adopted an almost singular emphasis on Jews as agents of Satan, the Star of David replacing the cross as the symbol of iniquity. Jews were not victims, but Blacks' major victimizers; never slaves, but dominant enslavers; not progressives, but those who impeded Blacks' advance. Instead of giving the world Hebrew Scripture, they converted it into the \"Poison Book,\" from the beginning crafting a \"dirty religion,\" which blessed the subjugation of black people, and denied God's promise to the \"Real Children of Israel.\" These \"imposter Jews\" concealed that the Hebrew Bible was a prophecy about \"the so-called Negroes of America\"—the true \"Chosen of God\"—who would be in bondage for 400 years, strangers in a strange land.","PeriodicalId":54089,"journal":{"name":"MODERN JUDAISM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84279716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inclusion Versus Exclusion in Intra-Orthodox Politics: Between Agudat Israel and Hungarian Orthodoxy 东正教内部政治的包容与排斥:阿古达特以色列与匈牙利东正教之间

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjaa002

M. Keren-Kratz

{"title":"Inclusion Versus Exclusion in Intra-Orthodox Politics: Between Agudat Israel and Hungarian Orthodoxy","authors":"M. Keren-Kratz","doi":"10.1093/mj/kjaa002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mj/kjaa002","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Ever since the concept of Jewish Orthodoxy emerged in the early-19th century, and especially after Jews were awarded equal civic rights in the 1860s, several religious leaders sought to establish Orthodox organizations. They, however, faced two main obstacles: first, the concept of an Orthodox organization was new to Jewish history and conservative rabbis automatically opposed anything new and condemned it as \"modern.\" Second, an Orthodox organization meant a religious jurisdiction superior to that of the local rabbis who were reluctant to give up the full authority they enjoyed. Following a long period of deterioration in the power and influence of the rabbis, local Orthodox organizations were established in Hungary, Galicia and Germany. In 1912, after the establishment of international movements by Reform rabbis, Maskilim, Jewish socialists, and finally the Zionists, leading Orthodox figures decided to establish the international Orthodox organization titled Agudat Israel. Recognizing its critical role in preserving traditional Judaism, individual rabbis and local Orthodox organizations from many countries joined Agudat Israel. The only country whose rabbis refused to join was Hungary. There, Jewish Orthodoxy enjoyed a special civil status and had its own separate communities. Seeking to maintain their distinct status, Hungarian leaders demanded that Agudat Israel declare itself an Orthodox organization and refrain from accepting Jews who belonged to non-Orthodox communities, who were lax in their religious conduct, or who supported Zionism. After deliberating the pros and cons, Agudat Israel decided to decline the \"Hungarian demand\" and, instead, to accept every Jew who wanted to join. Consequently, most Hungarian rabbis banned the organization. Nevertheless, the political and social circumstances following World War I drove some Hungarian rabbis and their communities to join Agudat Israel.","PeriodicalId":54089,"journal":{"name":"MODERN JUDAISM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72682445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Spinoza and Judaism in the French Context: The Case of Milner's Le Sage Trompeur 法国语境下的斯宾诺莎与犹太教:以米尔纳的《咆哮者》为例

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjaa004

J. Stetter

{"title":"Spinoza and Judaism in the French Context: The Case of Milner's Le Sage Trompeur","authors":"J. Stetter","doi":"10.1093/mj/kjaa004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mj/kjaa004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Jean-Claude Milner's Le sage trompeur (2013), a controversial recent piece of French Spinoza literature, remains regrettably understudied in the English-speaking world. Adopting Leo Strauss' esoteric reading method, Milner alleges that Spinoza dissimulates his genuine analysis of the causes of the persecution and survival of the Jewish people within a brief \"manifesto\" found at the end of the Tractatus Theologico-Politicus (TTP), Chapter 3. According to Milner, Spinoza holds that the Jewish people themselves are responsible for the hatred of the Jewish people, and that the engine of their longevity is the hatred they engender. Additionally, claims Milner, Spinoza covertly insinuates that the solution to this persistent state of hatred consists in the mass apostasy of the Jewish people under the leadership of a Sabbatai Zevi-like figure. This article presents the Milner–Spinoza controversy to the English-speaking public along with the larger context of French-language scholarship on Spinoza's relation to Judaism. While refuting Milner's reading of Spinoza, I simultaneously clarify relevant elements of Spinoza's discussions of Judaism in the TTP, such as Spinoza's examination of Jewish identity and the nature of divine election, Spinoza's understanding of the causes of national hatred, and Spinoza's appeals to Portuguese, Spanish, Chinese, and Turkish political history.","PeriodicalId":54089,"journal":{"name":"MODERN JUDAISM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84516973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Editor's Introduction: After Forty Years: Looking Back 编者简介:四十年后:回顾

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-01-17 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjz023

S. Katz

引用次数: 0

Creation and the Dignity of Life 创造和生命的尊严

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-01-11 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjz021

I. Greenberg

引用次数: 0

Holocaust Denial: An Antisemitic Fantasy 否认大屠杀:反犹幻想

IF 0.3 3区社会学

MODERN JUDAISM Pub Date : 2020-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjz019

D. Lipstadt

引用次数: 1