SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry最新文献

{"title":"First Record of Dendrolimus pini Outbreak on Aleppo Pine in Croatia and Severe Case of Population Collapse Caused by Entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana","authors":"M. Matek, M. Pernek","doi":"10.15177/SEEFOR.18-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/SEEFOR.18-17","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: The pine-tree lappet moth, Dendrolimus pini, is a widely distributed pest in Europe that can cause serious needle defoliation on pines, with outbreaks occurring over large geographical areas. In Croatia the presence of D. pini was recorded only in the continental part, but not in a high level of abundance, and the outbreak of the population has never been recorded so far. Materials and Methods: In autumn 2014 an unexpected and complete defoliation on Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) occurred in the vicinity of Skradin, near Šibenik, and was followed by defoliation in summer and autumn 2017 in Telašćica Nature Park, Dugi otok. Infested areas were inspected and overwintering larvae in soil surface were counted in order to estimate the population and assess whether the critical number of the population has been exceeded. Specimens were collected and transferred to the Laboratory for Entomological Analysis in the Croatian Forest Research Institute for further laboratory analysis. Results: Since more than 10 larvae per m2 of soil surface were found, it was concluded that an outbreak occurred at both localities. In both cases natural antagonists played an important role in lowering the pest population. In Skradin, entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana that occurred on the overwintering larvae broke the pest population, and in Dugi otok it was recorded, but to a much lesser extent and in combination with Drino inconspicua parasitoid. In both cases pines recovered very well in the following spring, with some bark beetle attacks mostly at the edge of the forest. Conclusions: The outbreaks of D. pini resulting with a total defoliation of Aleppo pine stands, and the fact that they occurred in the Mediterranean region which is not an optimal area for its appearance, makes these events unusual. Also, this is the first record of D. pini population breakdown by some antagonist.","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42990681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The New Natural Distribution Area of Aspen (Populus tremula L.) Marginal Populations in Pasinler in the Erzurum Province, Turkey, and its Stand Characteristics","authors":"H. Özel, S. Ayan, Serdar Erpay, Bojan Simovski","doi":"10.15177/SEEFOR.18-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/SEEFOR.18-15","url":null,"abstract":"background and Purpose: Genetic diversity is the basis for adaptation and survival of tree species under changing environmental conditions, representing the key issue of stability and productivity of forest ecosystems. This paper studies the marginal population characteristics and stand dynamics of aspen tree (Populus tremula L.) in natural, pure and mixed forest stands with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). These populations were observed on founding sites between Timarli Valley and Timan Plateau located in Pasinler in the Erzurum Province in Turkey. Materials and Methods: Three replicated sample sites were established according to a randomised block design with a spacing of approximately 200 m in altitude starting from 1,890 m, which is the natural distribution area of P. tremula, up to 2,460 m, above which this species can no longer thrive. Timarlı Valley, Pasinler Erzurum Province, which is the area of research, is located enroute to Timan Plateau, where Scots pines form the alpine tree line ranging up to 2,680 m a.s.l. results: In this context, aspen trees in this region are the second closest tree species to the tree line after Scots pine, which are found in the subalpine and war zones. In addition, as a result of this study, it has been found out that this species, notwithstanding its natural area of occupancy across Turkey, could thrive up to 2,460 m in altitude and extent of occurrence. Conclusions: A new marginal natural population related to aspen has been found in Pasinler in the Erzurum Province, Turkey, which at the same time indicates that the timberline value in the vertical natural distribution of these species should be updated. Aspen trees, which as pioneer trees play a vital role in the rebuilding or restoring of the ecological balance in forests that over time become degraded because of excessive cutting of trees and erroneous silvicultural interventions should be used in the reclamation of broadleaved and mixed forests in a planned manner. Genetic resources that represent marginal and peripheral populations, both within and outside the natural distribution area, should be established and protected.","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43947113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Animal Logging on Residual Trees in Mixed Fir and Spruce Stands","authors":"J. Knežević, Herzegovina., S. Gurda, J. Musić, V. Halilović, D. Sokolovi̇c, M. Bajrić","doi":"10.15177/seefor.18-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/seefor.18-16","url":null,"abstract":"background and purpose: Logging is an example of the strongest human influence on forest environment because it causes damages to the forest soil and residual trees. The damages that occur during logging are more frequent in the skidding phase compared to the felling and processing phase. Material and Methods: The research was conducted in mixed stands of fir and spruce in the area of eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. Felling was conducted by chainsaw and extraction by animals, i.e. by two oxen. The following data were collected: tree species, diameter at breast height, pre-bunching zone (0-30 m or 30-60 m), presence of damages, presence of old damages, number of damages, type of damage, damage position and the size of damage. Results: Damages were recorded on 3.32% of residual trees. The average number of damages per damaged tree was 1.08. The same percentage share of damages was recorded on butt end and root collar (38.46%), while damages on root have a share of 23.08%. Stem damages were not recorded. The most common type of damage was debarked tree (61.54%), then squashed bark (23.08%) and debarked and damaged tree (15.38%). It was recorded that the size of damages varied between 60 and 570 cm2. The average size of damage was 222.54 cm2. Statistical analysis using χ2 test showed significant difference in the proportion of damaged trees among different pre-bunching methods, and did not show significant difference in the proportion of damaged trees between different pre-bunching zones. conclusions: It can be assumed that oxen logging causes insignificant damages to residual trees. The results of research will be used as a basis for future studies of residual trees’ damaging during wood skidding.","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42398042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Winching Distance in Function of the Optimization of Skid Network","authors":"D. Ljubojević, M. Danilović, D. Marčeta, V. Petković, Šume Republike Srpske, FM a.d. Sokolac, Prijedor, Vožda Karađorđa, Bosnia Ba Prijedor, Herzegovina.","doi":"10.15177/SEEFOR.18-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/SEEFOR.18-14","url":null,"abstract":"background and purpose: Optimisation of skid road network is very important in forest utilisation because transport is considered to be the most expensive part of timber production. Designing forest traffic infrastructure means positioning its location in the forest area using traditional or modern methods. Many factors influence the skidding costs, and winching distance is one of them. The use of modern techniques gives an opportunity to forest practitioners that simulate different network variants and choose the most appropriate ones. Materials and Methods: The research object is Compartment 27, which belongs to Forest Administration Unit \"Prijedor\", with the area of 46.72 ha. Investigation is divided into the phase of field work and the phase of designing secondary forest road network variants in the office. Field work includes the traditional and Global Positioning System (GPS) marking of trees for cutting and the creating of Geographic Information System (GIS) database. In relation to spatial distribution of trees for cutting, skid roads and skid trail networks are laid by using the GPS. The new scondary road network is laid in the field and compared with three simulated variants of secondary road network that are laid by ArcGIS 10.3. Secondary road network is planned by using Network Analyst tools and Shortest path method that is based on Dijkstra’s algorithm. These variants are simulated based on different average winching distances of 10, 20 and 30 m. results: The area of the compartment is divided into two transportation zones. Total length of the secondary road network designed in the traditional way is 4816 m, thus achieving the secondary openness of 103 m·ha-1. In simulated Variant I, with winch pulling distances of 20 m, the total length of secondary roads is 5590 m with costs of 14352.62 €, in Variant II with winching distance of up to 40 m length of secondary roads it is 3228 m with costs of 7426.78 €, and in Variant III with winch rope length of up to 60 m, the length of roads is 2219 m, with costs of 4400.89 €. The achieved mean skidding distances are relatively similar in all variants. When taking into account the average length of the winch rope, considering all three new-design variants, it can be said that there is almost no difference in productivity and skidding costs. conclusions: Mean winching distance has influence on skidding costs, but only in variants where mean skidding distance is decreasing. Smaller winching distance is justified only from the aspect of work humanization. Small differences in skidding costs between variants have no practical significance except for large quantities of wood assortments.","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46675756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorisation of Waste Wood Biomass as Biosorbent for the Removal of Synthetic Dye Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions","authors":"Natalija Velić, Marija Stjepanović, L. Begović, M. Habuda-Stanić, D. Velić, T. Jakovljević","doi":"10.15177/SEEFOR.18-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/SEEFOR.18-13","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: Wood and wood processing industries are generators of a substantial amount of waste wood biomass, such as wood chips, shavings and sawdust. Such waste is often unused and its disposal can be a serious environmental problem. Different lignocellulosic waste materials have been successfully used as low-cost adsorbents (biosorbents) for the removal of synthetic dyes, as well as other contaminants, from wastewater. The aim of this study was to valorise the waste wood biomass of ten tree species, out of which seven are the most represented species of the Croatian growing stock, as biosorbents for the removal of synthetic dye methylene blue (MB) from model solutions. Materials and Methods: The waste wood biomasses (shavings or sawdust) of ten tree species, namely common beech, pedunculate oak, sessile oak, common hornbeam, narrow-leafed ash, poplar, European silver fir, Norway spruce, European larch and Douglas fir, were dried and milled prior to characterisation and adsorption experiments. Characterisation of the biosorbents was performed by chemical analysis and Fourier transform Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Upon characterisation, batch adsorption experiments were conducted in order to survey waste wood biomass as potential adsorbents for the removal of synthetic dye MB. The colour removal was monitored spectrophotometrically at predetermined time intervals. Further adsorption experiments were performed using poplar sawdust. The effects of contact time, biosorbent concentration, initial dye concentration, and pH on the adsorption process were investigated. The experimental data obtained by batch adsorption experiments were analysed using adsorption isotherm models (Freundlich and Langmuir). Results: All the tested biosorbents were found to be very effective for the removal of MB from model dye solution, achieving high removal percentages ranging from 93.25 to 98.50%. Poplar sawdust proved to be the most effective. It was shown that MB adsorption process onto poplar sawdust could be interpreted in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. Conclusions: Taken together, these results suggest that waste wood biomass has the potential to be used as a low-cost biosorbent for MB removal from aqueous solutions.","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47370460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capital Budgeting Applied to Serbian Poplar Plantations","authors":"L. Keča","doi":"10.15177/seefor.18-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/seefor.18-12","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: Capital budgeting is the process in which a business determines and evaluates potential large expenses or investments. These expenditures and investments include projects such as building a new plant or investing in a long-term venture. In the case of poplar plantations in Serbia, a prospective project's lifetime cash inflows and outflows can be assessed in order to determine whether generated potential returns meet a sufficient target benchmark, also known as \"investment appraisal\". The purpose of this study is to show relative profitability of alternative courses of action in","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41599470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomorphology of Spruce Trees as a Diagnostic Attribute for Non-Destructive Selection of Resonant Wood in a Forest","authors":"V. Fedyukov, E. Saldaeva, Maria S. Chernova, V. Chernov","doi":"10.15177/SEEFOR.18-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/SEEFOR.18-11","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: Nowadays selection of resonant raw material in forests is not practically carried out; there are no standards and samples for a tree with such timber, and, consequently, rational target use of this unique natural material is not achieved. Thereof a lot of valuable wood remains in forests or is harvested for utilizing as general-purpose forest products or firewood. The research is focused on the studies of interrelation of resonant properties of wood and its biomorphological attributes such as crown diameter and height, trunk habitus, branchless zone extension, etc. materials and methods: Test material for the research of dendroacoustic parameters were cross-section radial cores 4.0 mm in diameter selected with an increment borer at breath height from 16 model trees after cutting them down. Simultaneously, diameters of trunks at relative heights (H) of 0.2Н, 0.5Н and 0.7Н, as well as branchless zone extension and tree crown parameters (its extension, first alive knot fastening height, etc.) were defined. Then, the interrelation was revealed between the biometric data of a tree trunk and average sound velocity measured across the trunk with UK-14П ultrasonic device at different relative heights. Results: The results submitted in this paper present practical value and assess the accuracy of standing spruce wood resonant properties' forecasting based on its ‘wood study portrait’ parameters. conclusions: Acoustic properties of wood depend on biomorphology of a tree as well. The parameters of stem tapering, trunk volume and especially branchless zone extension and crown elevation have, to any extent, the greatest practical value for standing resonant raw material express diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49447672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Eucalyptus maidenii Timber for Structural Application: Physical and Mechanical Properties at Two Moisture Conditions","authors":"M. C. Nogueira, Brazil Mt, Victor Almeida De Araujo, J. Vasconcelos, J. N. Cruz, J. S. Vasconcelos, F. Prataviera, A. Christoforo, F. Lahr, B. Sp","doi":"10.15177/SEEFOR.18-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/SEEFOR.18-10","url":null,"abstract":"background and Purpose: Eucalypt is an important raw material source of several industrial purposes. However, some eucalypt essences are still underutilized, possibly due to the lack of more embracing information about their properties. In this way, Eucalyptus maidenii species has presented a wide potential, and its lumber utilization is somewhat interesting. Nevertheless, a complete determination of its physical and mechanical properties, as carried out in this paper, certainly could encourage its popularization in construction. Materials and Methods: Eucalyptus maidenii evaluation included two physical and fourteen mechanical parameters, regarding standard documents from Brazilian National Standards Organization (ABNT) and American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM). Thus, a simple comparison was established concerning the moisture content of wood samples, which were evaluated through two conditions: 30% as the initial level and a standard at 12%. All results were statistically evaluated by t-test. In sixteen parameters, 310 determinations were carried out. results: Half of mechanical properties presented significant changes in their resistances with the analysed moisture reduction. Modulus of rupture in static bending and in perpendicular compression, modulus of elasticity in perpendicular compression, strength in tangential cleavage, shear stress, and perpendicular and parallel hardnesses increased their resistances when the moisture content was reduced from 30% to 12%, that is, from green to dried standard stable point. Bulk density was also changed in the evaluated condition, decreasing to a smaller value. Volumetric mass density, modulus of rupture in parallel compression and in parallel and perpendicular tensiles, as well as modulus of elasticity in static bending and in parallel compression and tensile, and tangential toughness did not show any alteration in their values with this studied condition. Conclusions: Lumber for civil construction needs to be suitable for efficient application, with air equilibrium, generally at 12% of moisture content as international normative documents require. As part of this, mechanical and physical properties/parameters were studied to characterize Eucalyptus maidenii wood regarding moisture content. The results obtained indicate the use of this essence from planted forests for structural purposes in construction.","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43954477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) in Clonal Seed Orchards in Croatia, Assessed by Nuclear and Chloroplast Microsatellites","authors":"I. Bogdan, D. Kajba, Z. Šatović, S. Schüler, S. Bogdan","doi":"10.15177/SEEFOR.18-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/SEEFOR.18-09","url":null,"abstract":"background and Purpose: Natural stands of pedunculate oak in Croatia have been delineated in seed areas, zones and regions. The current bylaw recommends that the transfer of reproductive material remains limited within zones, but that it is permitted within areas. Clonal seed orchards (CSOs) of pedunculate oak were established to increase genetic quality of seed and to acquire a more regular seed yield than in natural stands. In total 150 plus trees were selected within three seed regions. The selection included a number of favourable traits of tree size and stem quality. Three CSOs were planted with grafted plus-trees. We aimed to establish whether these orchards encompass enough genetic diversity to potentially produce genetically improved and sufficiently diverse reproductive material. We also wanted to assess neutral genetic differentiation between these orchards and compare it with the genetic diversity obtained from chloroplast DNA markers, depicting conserved lineages from recolonization routes. We wanted to investigate spatial genetic structure in the area of our research and provide additional information on the transfer of forest reproductive material. Materials and Methods: Leaves were collected from all clones in the CSOs. Total genomic DNA was extracted and clones were analysed with eight nuclear and ten chloroplast microsatellite markers. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was performed with nuclear microsatellite data and original plus trees’ coordinates, for each CSO separately, to determine whether shared favourable traits among the selected plus trees in smaller distances are the results of relatedness, which the sampling strategy tried to avoid. results: We found 28 chloroplast haplotypes belonging to four maternal lineages, and significant differentiation between CSOs, indicating origin from different refuges. Nuclear microsatellites’ diversity in the CSOs is quite high and comparable to diversity found within a recent study of Croatian natural populations. Nuclear microsatellites did not show genetic differentiation between CSOs, i.e. between the seed regions and seed zones they represent. No genetic differentiation was found with nuclear microsatellites among haplotypic lineages. We found no genetic structure within the analysed regions. Conclusions: Lack of differentiation between CSOs found with nuclear microsatellites confirms the permission for transfer of reproductive material between zones within the seed area 1 Lowland Forests. If original differentiation between chloroplast haplotypic lineages was present after recolonization, it was erased by subsequent gene flow. Lack of genetic structure, with nuclear microsatellites within regions indicates successful sampling strategy.","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43021115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring the Health Status of Trees in Maksimir Forest Park Using Remote Sensing Methods","authors":"Franka Zagoranski, Hr Zagreb Croatia Ravenska, R. Pernar, A. Seletković, M. Ančić, J. Kolic","doi":"10.15177/SEEFOR.18-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15177/SEEFOR.18-08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54023,"journal":{"name":"SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15177/SEEFOR.18-08","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46844433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}