The Impact of Animal Logging on Residual Trees in Mixed Fir and Spruce Stands

IF 0.7 Q3 FORESTRY

SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry Pub Date : 2018-12-22 DOI:10.15177/seefor.18-16

J. Knežević, Herzegovina., S. Gurda, J. Musić, V. Halilović, D. Sokolovi̇c, M. Bajrić

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引用次数: 6

Abstract

background and purpose: Logging is an example of the strongest human influence on forest environment because it causes damages to the forest soil and residual trees. The damages that occur during logging are more frequent in the skidding phase compared to the felling and processing phase. Material and Methods: The research was conducted in mixed stands of fir and spruce in the area of eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. Felling was conducted by chainsaw and extraction by animals, i.e. by two oxen. The following data were collected: tree species, diameter at breast height, pre-bunching zone (0-30 m or 30-60 m), presence of damages, presence of old damages, number of damages, type of damage, damage position and the size of damage. Results: Damages were recorded on 3.32% of residual trees. The average number of damages per damaged tree was 1.08. The same percentage share of damages was recorded on butt end and root collar (38.46%), while damages on root have a share of 23.08%. Stem damages were not recorded. The most common type of damage was debarked tree (61.54%), then squashed bark (23.08%) and debarked and damaged tree (15.38%). It was recorded that the size of damages varied between 60 and 570 cm2. The average size of damage was 222.54 cm2. Statistical analysis using χ2 test showed significant difference in the proportion of damaged trees among different pre-bunching methods, and did not show significant difference in the proportion of damaged trees between different pre-bunching zones. conclusions: It can be assumed that oxen logging causes insignificant damages to residual trees. The results of research will be used as a basis for future studies of residual trees’ damaging during wood skidding.

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动物采伐对冷杉混交林剩余树木的影响

背景与目的:伐木是人类对森林环境影响最大的一个例子，因为它对森林土壤和残树造成破坏。与采伐和加工阶段相比，打滑阶段在测井过程中发生的破坏更为频繁。材料和方法:在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那东部地区的冷杉和云杉混交林中进行了研究。采伐由链锯进行，采伐由动物，即两头牛进行。采集的数据包括:树种、胸高直径、预丛区(0 ~ 30 m或30 ~ 60 m)、有无损伤、有无老损伤、损伤数、损伤类型、损伤位置、损伤大小。结果:残树受损率为3.32%。每棵受损树的平均受损数为1.08。对根尖和根颈的损害所占比例相同(38.46%)，而对根的损害所占比例为23.08%。茎部损伤未被记录。最常见的破坏类型是脱皮树(61.54%)，其次是压扁树皮(23.08%)和脱皮受损树(15.38%)。据记录，损坏的大小在60至570平方厘米之间。平均损伤面积为222.54 cm2。采用χ2检验进行统计分析，不同预聚束方式的毁林比例差异有统计学意义，不同预聚束区域的毁林比例差异无统计学意义。结论:可以认为，采牛对剩余树木的损害不显著。研究结果将为进一步研究木材打滑过程中残余树木的破坏提供依据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

SEEFOR-South-East European Forestry FORESTRY-

CiteScore

1.20

自引率

16.70%

发文量

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： The primary aim of the SEEFOR journal is to publish original, novel and quality articles and thus contribute to the development of scientific, research, operational and other activities in the field of forestry. Besides scientific, the objectives of the SEEFOR are educational and informative as well. SEEFOR should stimulate intensive professional and academic work, teaching, as well as physical cooperation of institutions and interdisciplinary collaboration, a faster ascendance and affirmation of young scientific personnel. SEEFOR should contribute to the stronger cooperation between the science, practice and society, and to the overall dissemination of the forestry way-of thinking. The scope of the journal’s interests encompasses all ecological, economical, technical, technological, social and other aspects of forestry and wood technology. The journal is open for publishing research from all geographical zones and study locations, whether they are conducted in natural forests, plantations or urban environments, as long as methods used in the research and obtained results are of high interest and importance to South-east European and international forestry.