International Journal of Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Sonographic Study of Normal Common Bile Duct Diameter in Saudi Subjects","authors":"Siddeg K M Al-Mahdi, S. A. Mohammed, Rahma A Awad, Afraa Siddig, S. Elgak, N. I. Ali","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_oa11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_oa11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to measure the normal parameters of the common bile duct (CBD) in Saudi subjects using ultrasound modality. Methods and Results: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Alazhar Medical Group (Alqunfoda town, Saudi Arabia) from July 2022 to October 2022. The study included 150 subjects (43 males and 107 females) aged between 10 and 73 years without known biliary/pancreatic disease or surgery. The data was collected using the ultrasound machine Samsung Medison (SonoAce R7) using the lower frequency [2-8 MHz] curvilinear probe. The age, gender, body height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were also recorded. The mean weight, height, and BMI levels were 71.64±17.32 kg, 165.06±11.7 cm, and 26.19±5.66 kg/m2, respectively. The mean CBD diameter was 3.26±0.82 mm, ranging from 1.8 mm to 5.8 mm. There was no statistically significant difference in CBD diameter between male and female subjects. Our study found that the linear regression model partially predicted the value of the CBD diameter with increasing age and weight. Further research on CBD measurement with a larger population sample and using various body positions is needed for more accurate results.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43872874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin Deficiencies and Their Impact on Skin Function","authors":"Salman Bin Salman Bin Dayel, R. Hussein","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_ra4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_ra4","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamins are essential dietary items because of their functions as enzyme cofactors and catalysts in the body. Vitamin deficiency can significantly impact the skin, leading to a variety of dermatological problems, such as dryness, premature aging, hyperpigmentation, palmoplantar keratoderma, and even nail disorders. Alcoholism, rigid diets, inadequate parental nourishment, and intestinal absorption issues may all be factors in vitamin deficits. The most commonly deficient vitamins in relation to skin health are vitamin A, biotin, vitamin C, and vitamin D. Vitamin A helps to maintain the skin's barrier function and promote skin cell growth, while biotin helps to support the skin's underlying structure. Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and skin brightening, and vitamin D is a crucial nutrient for overall health, including the skin. A balanced and varied diet and proper skin care can help prevent and address vitamin deficiencies, keeping the skin healthy and radiant. This review examines the most common vitamin deficiencies and their impact on the skin.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43646746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron Deficiency and Iron Storage Markers in Different Pregnancy Stages in Sudanese Women of Different Age","authors":"H. Waggiallah, Hala Elsir Khair, Nasser Eissa Almoammar, Ammar A. Abdelmola, A. Babker","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_oa18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_oa18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ID and iron storage markers in pregnant women suffering from anemia during various trimesters attending Omdurman Maternity Hospital in Sudan. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study included 205 pregnant women aged 15 to 45 in various trimesters who attended Omdurman Maternity Hospital (Sudan) between May 2022 and January 2023. All pregnant women were divided into two groups: the case group included 159 pregnant women with anemia, and the control group included 46 apparently healthy pregnant women. The blood test parameters were measured using a Sysmex XT-1800i Automated Hematology Analyzer (Japan). The levels of serum iron (SI) and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) were measured using a Vitrous-350 Chemistry Analyzer (USA). The serum ferritin (SF) levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay on the Cobas e411 analyzer (Roche). Among anemic pregnant women, 33(20.8%) were in the first trimester of pregnancy, 68(42.8%) in the second trimester, and 58(36.5%) in the third. In the case group, more than six deliveries were found in 50.3% of cases, compared to 23.9% in the control group (P=0.0015). The blood levels of Hb and SF were significantly lower in all trimesters in the case group than in the control group. The SI level showed a significantly low level only in the third trimester in the case group, compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the case group, TIBС levels increased from trimester to trimester, reaching maximum values in the third trimester, indicating a low iron level in the blood. In the case group, in the first trimester, the levels of Hb and ferritin did not differ between the age groups of 15-25 years and >26 years. However, in the second trimester, the SF level was statistically lower in the age group of >26 years than in the age group of 15-25 years (45.83±5.0 vs. 49.02±3.71 ng/mL, P=0.0038), but in the third trimester, there was the opposite (37.50±4.9 vs. 26.9±4.5ng/mL, P=0.000), which indicated a presence of IDA in the age subgroup of 15-25 years. Conclusion: Pregnant women are at high risk of developing or worsening ID. Every pregnant Sudanese woman should be screened for IDA.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47506478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pituitary Adenoma Presenting with True Bitemporal Hemianopsia: A Case Report","authors":"A. Shabani, Flamur Mushica, B. Latifaj, J. Shatri, Ardita Kafexholli, Dijon Musliu, Art Deva, Redon Jashari, P. Rashiti","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_cr4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_cr4","url":null,"abstract":"Pituitary adenomas grow from the anterior pituitary gland and can cause compression of surrounding structures, including the optic chiasm, leading to visual field defects such as bitemporal hemianopia, visual acuity or color perception reduction. In this case report, we present the case of a 45-year-old male patient who presented with long-lasting headaches and visual disturbances, including diplopia and a decline in visual acuity. Despite being initially diagnosed with migraine by a neurologist, a thorough ophthalmological examination revealed visual field defects consistent with true bitemporal hemianopsia. MRI results confirmed the presence of sellar mass, and the patient was referred to the neurosurgery department for immediate intervention. The patient underwent surgical removal of the mass, which was identified as a pituitary adenoma upon histological examination. Three months later, the patient experienced significant improvements in subjective and objective visual acuity, with no diplopia or scotomas in the visual field. In conclusion, this case report highlights the importance of considering pituitary adenoma as a potential cause of visual disturbances, even in the absence of bitemporal hemianopsia. Thorough ophthalmological examination, including visual field testing, can aid in the early detection of chiasmal involvement and prompt referral for further investigation. Early intervention, including surgical removal of the tumor, can prevent other complications and significantly improve visual acuity and overall quality of life for patients.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48224994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified Chest X-Ray Radiography through Glass Window for Imaging COVID-19 Pneumonia: Techniques and Radiation Dose","authors":"I. Suliman, G. Khouqeer, N. Ahmed, M. Abuzaid, A. Sulieman","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_ra2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_ra2","url":null,"abstract":"The requirement for infection control during the COVID-19 pandemic led to modifying the exposure parameters in conventional radiography for performing chest X-ray radiography (CXR) through-the-glass (TTG) for imaging COVID-19 pneumonia. Herein, we reviewed and reported the current experiences with the TTG protocol, and summarized the current implementation strategies and modified technique factors. For implementing TTG techniques, measurements are required in a simulated environment using a patient equivalent phantom, and a certain number of investigations must be performed before the patient examination. However, the TTG technique requires modification due to the decrease in photon intensity caused by the attenuation in the glass barrier. This study discussed factors affecting CXR and some related radiation dose terminology required for implementing the TTG technique. Moreover, it summarized the exposure factors of CXR using the TTG technique compared with the standard CXR. Radiation exposure to the patient and the staff using the TTG technique remains within the recommended limits for safe practice. Image quality issues arose following the implementation of the TTG technique, mainly related to suboptimal positioning; image artifacts resulted due to glass attenuation, the increased source-to-image distance (SID), and patient movement. Overall, the reviewed results in this study could help formulate international guidelines and recommendations for the TTG technique for COVID-19 patient imaging, thereby minimizing the cost and time required for setting up the protocol.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46867962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Serum Procalcitonin Level with Severity of COVID-19 among Patients in Ajman, United Arab Emirates","authors":"R. Ali, S. Elnour, H. Higazi, A. Osman, Marwan Ismail, Abd Elgadier Alamin Altoum, A. Alfeel, P. Kandakurti, Noha Kamal Abdel Moamen, S. Hussein, Sara Ali","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_oa7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_oa7","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current study was to assess the association between the mean level of procalcitonin (PCT), demographic characteristics, and the symptoms, duration, and severity of COVID-19. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study included patients with a confirmed COVID-19 infection who visited the Thumbay Hospital in Ajman (UAE) between March and June 2022. A total of 231 COVID-19-positive patient records (170[73.6%] males and 61[26.4%] females) were included in the study. PCT levels were measured upon admission using the Beckman Coulter – UniCel DxI 800 Access Immunoassay System. The mean patients’ age was 47.44±13.460 years, and the length of stay in the hospital was 11.21±8.145 days. The PCT mean level was 0.545±1.739 ng/ml with minimum and maximum values of 0.010 ng/ml and 16.667 ng/ml, respectively. In terms of COVID-19 severity, patients were categorized into mild (121[52.4%]), moderate (59[25.5%]), and severe 51(22.1%]). We found no association between age categories and COVID-19 severity. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean PCT level among the severity groups. The mean PCT level increased with increasing severity of COVID-19: 0.0569±0.0324, 0.1736±0.0594, and 2.134±3.254 ng/ml for mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, respectively (P=0.0000) There was a statistically significant, moderate positive correlation between PCT level and disease severity (r=0.433, P=0.001). The linear regression results revealed that PCT level is a significant factor in COVID-19 severity. Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that the serum PCT level may be a marker of disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42567984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Modified Technique in Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Infant: A Case Report","authors":"Albena Reshitaj, Nora Aliu, Arben Maliqaj, Krenar Reshitaj","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_cr1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_cr1","url":null,"abstract":"Through this research, we have presented a modified presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) device, protocol, and equipment of preoperative nasal alveolar formation techniques to improve lip, nose, alveolar, and palatal deformity in the Department of Orthodontics and Maxillo-Facial Department at the University of Prishtina. A two-week-old boy was brought to our Department of Orthodontics. The baby was diagnosed with non-syndrome bilateral complete cleft of the primary and secondary palate. After a complete examination and orthodontic therapeutic planning, precaution was taken for creating a PNAM appliance and sent to the laboratory. An intraoral molding plate was established on both sides of the separate segments of the maxilla and fixed with a mini screw to approximate the maxillary segments. Parts of the strings built in the front side activated (please check) and, together with the nasal stent, were added to correct the nose deformity. By using modified NAM to close the cleft segments, both the ones of the upper lip and the ones of the palate, we achieved the same results and reduced possible tissue damage by maintaining the conventional NAM apparatus. We used an alveolar formation plate with traction stainless steel to reduce the separate parts. Under this presurgical treatment, the cleft alveolus and palatal segments were reduced considerably. Also, the parts of the flatting nasals of the nose were set up. Through interdisciplinary work, we created a new modified NAM appliance to avoid the obstacles of the traditional NAM devices and to improve the presurgical treatment by using the benefits of the postnatal period of the child to have a more effective treatment. Despite the inability of previous studies to decide on the degree of efficacy of PNAM and the fact that scientific data is limited, we consider that our research can contribute to a better understanding of why it is essential to use PNAM and of the need to enhance the apparatus.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48355619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Persistence of COVID-19-Related Pancytopenia as A Possible Sign of Hairy Cell Leukemia: A Case Report","authors":"Alma Barbullushi (Rucaj), A. Kristo, Andi Davidhi, I. Kullolli","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_cr5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_cr5","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is known to cause many hematological abnormalities, such as thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, and lymphopenia. Pancytopenia, a decrease in all peripheral blood cell lines, is a rare complication not commonly seen in patients with COVID-19. We report a case of a patient who experienced COVID-19 infection with mild clinical symptoms like fever, fatigue, and muscle and bone aches. The laboratory examinations revealed pancytopenia, mainly neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and relative lymphocytosis, which persisted after infection resolution. The splenomegaly in abdominal echography and the characteristics of lymphocyte elements in peripheral blood smear examination raised suspicion of the presence of hairy cell leukemia (HCL); therefore, the patient was further examined with a bone marrow biopsy, which confirmed the diagnosis. The persistence of pancytopenia after recovery from COVID-19 infection, especially in patients with splenomegaly, should raise suspicion of another hematological coexistence diagnosis like HCL.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45087857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Corrigendum] Evaluations of Paranasal Sinus Disease Using Multidetector Computed Tomography in Taif City, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Osama Alotaibi, Hamid Osman, Y. Hadi, Yasser Alzamil, Amjad R. Alyahyawi, Mamdouh S. Al-enezi, Feras Alafer, Ahmad Abanomy, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Meshari Almeshari","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_c","url":null,"abstract":"Corrigendum for 'Evaluations of Paranasal Sinus Disease Using Multidetector Computed Tomography in Taif City, Saudi Arabia' by: Alotaibi O, Osman H, Hadi Y, Alzamil Y, Alyahyawi A, Al-Enezi MS, Alafer F, Abanomy A, Khandaker MU, Almeshari M. International Journal of Biomedicine 12(4): 575-579. DOI: 10.21103/Article12(4)_OA9 Following the publication of this article, the authors have realized that errors were made with the description of the listed affiliation addresses. Therefore, the author affiliations and addresses, in this paper should have appeared as follows: Osama Alotaibi1,2, Hamid Osman3, Yasser Hadi 4, Yasser Alzamil5, Amjad Alyahyawi5,6, Mamdouh S. Al-Enezi5, Feras Alafer7, Ahmad Abanomy8, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker9,10, and Meshari Almeshari5; 1Department of Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Radiology, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital-Taif, Taif, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 2425, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), Makkah, Saudi Arabia 5Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia. 6Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK 7Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia 8Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia 9Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia 10Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil, International University, DIU Rd, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46690588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Occlusal Characteristics of Kosovar Adolescents","authors":"Blertë Zylfiu-Latifi, Blerim Kamberi, Senka Meštrović","doi":"10.21103/article13(2)_oa15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_oa15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to evaluate the occlusal characteristics of the maxillary and mandibular dental arches in Kosovar adolescents in relation to gender. Methods and Results: In a cross-sectional study, dental casts of 400 Kosovar schoolchildren (184 males and 216 females, mean age of 15.17 years) were evaluated. Little’s index of incisor irregularity (LII), overjet, and overbite were measured with a digital caliper, and then analyzed and compared by gender. In both the maxilla and mandible, LII for males and females was significantly different, with male values being higher than female values. In contrast, no significant differences were observed in overbite and overjet. Conclusion: In Kosovar adolescents, our findings show significant gender differences in Little's irregularity index. The overjet and overbite were higher in males than in females, but there were no statistical differences between genders in Kosovar adolescents for these parameters.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135752269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}