Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies最新文献_第10页

Renegotiating the Boundaries of the Virile Nation: the España negra of José Gutiérrez Solana in the art exhibitions of postwar Spain (1940–45) 重新谈判阳刚民族的边界:战后西班牙艺术展览中的索拉纳España黑人形象(1940 - 1945)

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1851909

Zira Box

{"title":"Renegotiating the Boundaries of the Virile Nation: the España negra of José Gutiérrez Solana in the art exhibitions of postwar Spain (1940–45)","authors":"Zira Box","doi":"10.1080/14701847.2020.1851909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14701847.2020.1851909","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Throughout the years immediately following the Spanish Civil War, Francoist discourse on the nation was strongly linked to the idea of virility. All the different political cultures of the dictatorship defined the Spanish nation as intrinsically shaped around values that spoke firstly of daring, strength and vigour, but also of self-discipline, restraint and control. Despite the intensity of this discourse, the narrative it presented revealed porosities and elasticities that permitted ambiguous images to filter through that challenged this language of national virility. One example was the imagery of José Gutiérrez Solana, a leading artist of the regime and assiduous participant in its art exhibitions, but one who, with his dark paintings full of beggars, death and fanaticism, presented a substantially different image of the Spanish nation. Beginning with this apparent contradiction, the intention of this article is to examine the discourse deployed around Solana in order to explore the ways in which the profile of the virile and victorious nation was renegotiated to include his work within it, and the degree to which the key to this inclusion lay in a set of reinterpretations intended to extend virility to an artist otherwise close to images of the “feminization” of Spain.","PeriodicalId":53911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"253 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74459692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The interoceanic nation in a world at war: Panama and the 1916 exhibition, a conflicted celebration 战争中的跨洋国家:巴拿马和1916年的展览，一个矛盾的庆祝活动

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1851917

David Marcilhacy

{"title":"The interoceanic nation in a world at war: Panama and the 1916 exhibition, a conflicted celebration","authors":"David Marcilhacy","doi":"10.1080/14701847.2020.1851917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14701847.2020.1851917","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT After winning its independence in 1903, the Republic of Panama launched a propaganda campaign to create national consciousness and, diplomatically, dispel its image among Ibero-American states as a country “made in Washington”. The 1916 National Exhibition was mounted to serve this dual purpose, and initially scheduled to celebrate both the 400th anniversary of the discovery of the Pacific Ocean by Núñez de Balboa (1913), and the opening of the Panama Canal (1914). The authorities met great difficulties in organizing the event, which had to be postponed until 1916, when a world war was underway, and after the Panama-Pacific Exposition already held in San Francisco. This limited its success and drastically reduced international participation, which further emphasized Panama’s isolation. Nevertheless, it marked an essential step in Panama’s self-affirmation as a new nation. Based on unpublished archival sources and the contemporary press, this paper examines the contradictions of this commemoration. On the one hand, the 1916 celebrations sought to highlight the triumphs of modern technology and worldwide exchanges, but in an international context of global war, exacerbated nationalism and imperialist expansion; on the other, the event was used as an affirmation of nationalism and Hispanic identity, when in reality the country’s subordinate relationship with the US was becoming ever more consolidated.","PeriodicalId":53911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies","volume":"55 1","pages":"271 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85151278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Discussing democracy in Spain and in Latin America during the age of revolutions: commonalities and differences 讨论革命时期西班牙和拉丁美洲的民主:共性与差异

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1789375

Javier Fernández-Sebastián

{"title":"Discussing democracy in Spain and in Latin America during the age of revolutions: commonalities and differences","authors":"Javier Fernández-Sebastián","doi":"10.1080/14701847.2020.1789375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14701847.2020.1789375","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article provides an overview of the early uses of the term democracy in Spain and in Hispanic America during the 19th century. It is mainly built on the collaborative research conducted in the region in the field of conceptual history in recent years, especially on the publications of the Iberconceptos network. By grouping all the Spanish-speaking countries of the Western Hemisphere into a single block, my comparative approach is schematic, for it is clear that this part of the world is far from being a homogeneous sociopolitical space. Even so, the contrast between the two poles – Spain and Latin America – has proved to be heuristically productive, since it enables us to identify certain similarities and differences between the respective conceptualizations and practices associated with democracy that occurred on both sides of the Atlantic between 1808 and 1875, approximately. From some common features, patterns and milestones that this essay reveals it is possible to draw a schematic chronology that could serve as a general framework to subsequent more specific historical studies on the evolution of the concept of democracy in this or that particular country belonging to this cultural area.","PeriodicalId":53911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies","volume":"59 1","pages":"113 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89555515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

From rejection to acknowledgement and dispute: four moments in the origins of Chilean representative democracy, 1822–1851 从拒绝到承认和争论:智利代议制民主起源的四个时刻，1822-1851

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1789374

M. Casals, Andrés Estefane, Juan Luis Ossa

{"title":"From rejection to acknowledgement and dispute: four moments in the origins of Chilean representative democracy, 1822–1851","authors":"M. Casals, Andrés Estefane, Juan Luis Ossa","doi":"10.1080/14701847.2020.1789374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14701847.2020.1789374","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article traces the changes in the meanings and uses of the concept of democracy in Chile in the period 1822–1851. Based on an extensive revision of newspapers, it shows how the idea of democracy evolved from a negative understanding of it to an increasingly positive vision that saw it as a key mechanism for legitimising political power. Essential for this transition were, first, the doctrinal disputes of the 1820s, which established a series of liberal and republican principles that ended up being constituent characteristics of Chilean democracy. Second, the concept of representation, which by normalising a way of exercising power through delegates democratically elected, allowed to cleanse democracy from what contemporaries considered its most menacing excesses. The article identifies four moments of progress and retreats of democracy during the first half of the nineteenth century, demonstrating the extent to which this was a more complex process than what is commonly believed. In so doing, it aims to question some of the general assumptions about the origins of democracy both in Latin America and Chile and to demonstrate how the acknowledgement of the idea of representative democracy was one of the main legacies of these seminal debates for nineteenth-century Chilean politics.","PeriodicalId":53911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"159 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89512998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demotic and “democratic” languages in post-independence Brazil, 1822-48 独立后巴西的民主语言和“民主”语言，1822-48

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1790229

G. Paquette

引用次数: 0

Tocqueville in Mexico 托克维尔在墨西哥

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1789373

J. Rivera

引用次数: 0

“The history of democracy in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1800-1870: an introduction” 拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的民主历史，1800-1870:导论

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1790228

E. Posada-Carbó

引用次数: 3

Freedom over democracy in post-revolutionary Haiti, c. 1804-1844 革命后海地的自由高于民主，约1804-1844年

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1789376

C. Gibson

引用次数: 2

Caudillos, democracy, and constitutionalism in mid nineteenth-century Argentina 19世纪中期阿根廷的考迪洛斯、民主和宪政

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1789378

Eduardo A. Zimmermann

{"title":"Caudillos, democracy, and constitutionalism in mid nineteenth-century Argentina","authors":"Eduardo A. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1080/14701847.2020.1789378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14701847.2020.1789378","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since the early years of Independence, through the failed constitutional projects of 1819 and 1826, and culminating in the 1853 Constitutional Convention of 1853, the River Plate provinces witnessed a varied number of juridical and political debates on the status of democracy and its different meanings: as an expression of social forces announcing the dawn of a new form of social organization; as an ideal of representative government that was to accompany the transition from monarchical to republican forms of government; and as a number of possible electoral regimes and technical solutions to the problem of representation. On the other hand, constitutionalism promised not only a way of structuring the new governments but also the adoption of the idea of individual rights as an ideological foundation for the new liberal regimes, and a project to transcend the inorganic rule of provincial caudillos. This paper explores the different languages in which nineteenth-century Argentine constitutionalism was shaped, through an analysis of political and constitutional debates and the writings of many of the actors of the period, taking into account the ways in which the conflictive context of independence, civil wars, national unification, and state building delineated a particular conception of liberal constitutionalism.","PeriodicalId":53911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies","volume":"341 1","pages":"189 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79535375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Without liberty there is no honour”, nor democracy. Cuba, slavery and abolitionism in nineteenth century Spain’s empire “没有自由就没有荣誉”，也没有民主。古巴，19世纪西班牙帝国的奴隶制和废奴主义

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Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/14701847.2020.1789377

Jesús Sanjurjo

引用次数: 0