Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia最新文献

{"title":"Prototipado rápido en la fabricación de moldes impresos en 3D para soplado de plástico","authors":"G. Carrillo, Carolina Nuila, J. Laínez","doi":"10.17163/ings.n24.2020.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ings.n24.2020.03","url":null,"abstract":"En la industria salvadoreña pueden encontrarse empresarios y microempresarios que no tienen los recursos para fabricar botellas de plástico con diseños estilizados que los diferencien de otras marcas y productos, lo que les impide escalar a otros segmentos de mercado o mercados internacionales, frenando el crecimiento de sus negocios. Una posible causa es que la fabricación de moldes de soplado requiere una inversión inicial muy costosa. Sin embargo, existen alternativas como la fabricación de moldes de bajo rendimiento, que tienen una resolución más baja y un tiempo de vida más corto, pero, al mismo tiempo, ofrecen como beneficio un menor costo de fabricación y, por lo tanto, un menor costo de adquisición para el empresario, posibilitando la producción de botellas estilizadas a conveniencia. Entre las diversas formas de fabricar moldes de bajo rendimiento está la técnica de ingeniería inversa, que requiere un equipo de creación rápida de prototipos. Este artículo describe el procedimiento de ingeniería inversa para generar el molde para soplado. Con el diseño disponible se imprimió el molde necesario y con esto se fabricaron las botellas, que se escanearon para verificar con el programa de computadora sus dimensiones comparándolas con el archivo original del molde. Simultáneamente, los contenedores se verificaron en el laboratorio de metrología industrial para validar los resultados de la computadora, estos resultados se presentan en el documento.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"388 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89265993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elaboración de la fibra de cabuya en tejido plano como matriz de refuerzo para la construcción de un retrovisor","authors":"L. Pruna, F. Velasco, Fabián Chachapoya, Cristian Paredes","doi":"10.17163/ings.n24.2020.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ings.n24.2020.08","url":null,"abstract":"Natural fibers are becoming an efficient alternative for industrial applications. This is due to its easy accessibility in the market and for being a renewable raw material. The present work seeks to use the cabuya as reinforcement material with polyester matrix for automotive applications with low cost and weight. This is the case of the rearview mirrors of a vehicle, for which a base mold was manufactured. The applying and molding of the rearview mirror will be carried out on the mold,  using cabuya fiber and a polyester resin. The mixtures of cobalt octoate and methyl-ethyl-ketone peroxide (MEKP) with the natural fiber significantly reduce the weight; the manufacturing cost is reduced by approximately 40% due to the easiness to handle this fiber and to obtain this material. The use of the cabuya is recommended for automotive applications (rearview mirror), as it presents a considerable reduction in its weight and relatively low cost compared to the original component.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45492342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control para el voltaje de salida de un inversor multinivel de capacitores flotantes","authors":"Beatriz Angélica Aguilar-López, Jose Antonio Juarez-Abad, Jorge Luis Barahona-Avalos, Rosalino Mayoral-Lagunes, J. Linares-Flores, Marco Antonio Contreras-Ordaz","doi":"10.17163/ingenius.n24.2020.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ingenius.n24.2020.07","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo presenta el diseño de un controlador mediante la técnica de rechazo activo de perturbaciones para el seguimiento de la trayectoria de referencia para el voltaje de salida de un inversor multinivel de capacitores flotantes. Si en el modelo dinámico del convertidor se consideran las dinámicas de cada capacitor flotante y adicionalmente, las de los elementos pasivos del filtro de salida, el modelo resultante es de un orden alto, lo que dificulta su control. En este trabajo se emplea la modulación PS-PWM para mantener los voltajes en los capacitores flotantes en sus valores nominales y de esta manera poder generar un modelo dinámico simple, que resulta ser más fácil de controlar. Los resultados de simulación y experimentales, confirman que el controlador es robusto a perturbaciones provocadas por cambios en la carga, sin importar si son de tipo lineal o no lineal. Se realizó la construcción del prototipo experimental del sistema y se implementó el controlador y modulador en un FPGA y en la parte final se muestran los resultados obtenidos.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75547063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humedad y su relación con la espectroscopía dieléctrica en agregados de concreto","authors":"Franco Abanto, Pedro Rotta, Luis La Madrid, Juan Soto, Gerson La Rosa, J. Manrique, Gaby Ruiz, William Ipanaque","doi":"10.17163/ingenius.n24.2020.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ingenius.n24.2020.02","url":null,"abstract":"Medir el contenido de humedad (CH) de los agregados de concreto (ADC) en la fabricación de concreto premezclado es uno de los retos actuales en la industria de la construcción porque afecta a las propiedades finales del concreto. Actualmente los métodos que se utilizan para medir el CH en ADC son invasivos y destructivos. Este artículo presenta una técnica moderna basada en espectroscopía dieléctrica (ED), un método que al propagar microondas en el material correlaciona su constante dieléctrica (CD) y su CH. En esta investigación se ha utilizado este método en ADC. Tres diferentes canteras peruanas de ADC (Moyobamba, Sol-Sol y Cerro Mocho) han sido utilizadas. Los resultados demuestran que el sensor a una frecuencia de 1.5 GHz es capaz de detectar el CH en ADC con una regresión lineal de R2 = 95 %. En conclusión, se puede utilizar la ED como un método de sensado no invasivo y en línea de CH en ADC para ser utilizado en la industria de la construcción.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82707976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control de un sistema de energía basado en volantes de inercia para mitigar los huecos de tensión en el punto de conexión común","authors":"M. Orellana, Luis González Morales, Nuno Abreu Sousa","doi":"10.17163/ings.n24.2020.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ings.n24.2020.05","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the design of a power system based on flywheel to mitigate voltage sags. With this system the power quality is improved at a point in a distribution network, which is subject to the random connection of electric machines. For this purpose, the power distribution system is modeled, the power supply system which is composed of an electric machine with flywheel, the bidirectional energy conversion system and the current, voltage and speed control system. The designed system enables supplying a power of 22.8 kW and capacity of 1.2 Wh, compensating the transients produced by the loads connected to the network.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47586754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análisis numérico de un sistema de calentamiento de agua utilizando un colector solar de placa plana","authors":"W. Quitiaquez, José Estupiñan-Campos, C.A. Isaza Roldán, Fernando Toapanta-Ramos, Andrés Lobato-Campoverde","doi":"10.17163/ings.n24.2020.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ings.n24.2020.10","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present research work was to carry out a numerical analysis by means of CFD of a flat plate solar collector, in addition to a comparison with experimental results. The working fluid reached a maximum outlet temperature of 20.16 °C at 12:00, the value of solar radiation was determined for the geographical coordinates latitude -0.2252 and longitude -77.84; similarly, at this time it was possible to obtain a temperature of 27.12 °C on the collector surface, as peak value. The lowest performance of the heat transfer device was determined at 10:00 with an outlet water temperature and maximum temperature on the collector surface of 18.65 and 20.48 °C, respectively. The experimental results showed a maximum temperature of 20.93 °C and a minimum temperature of 19.4 °C, resulting in a 4.01 % error between the computational simulation and the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":"97-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43494078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control para el voltaje de salida de un inversor multinivel de capacitores flotantes","authors":"Beatriz Angélica Aguilar López, J. A. Abad, Jorge Luis Barahona Ávalos, Rosalino Mayoral Lagunez, Jesús Linares Flores, Marco Antonio Contreras Ordaz","doi":"10.17163/ings.n24.2020.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ings.n24.2020.07","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of a robust Active Disturbance Rejection Controller (ADRC) for tracking the reference trajectory of the output voltage of a flying capacitor multilevel inverter. If the dynamics of each flying capacitor and of the passive elements of the filter are considered in the dynamic model of the converter, it results a high order model, which is difficult to control. PS-PWM modulation is used in this work to keep the voltages in the flying capacitors at their nominal values, and thereby generate a second-order simple dynamic model that is easier to control. The simulation and experimental results confirm that the controller is robust in the presence of disturbances, caused by either linear or nonlinear load changes. The experimental prototype of the complete system was built, and the implementation of the controller and the modulator was carried out in a FPGA; the results obtained are shown in the final part.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":"68-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67532523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propuesta de implantación de invernadero de secado de café con cubierta parabólica y estructura modular adaptada","authors":"Bryan Jhon Briceño Martínez, J. D. C. Calderón, Rubén Darío Carrión Jaura, Diego Vinicio Díaz Sinche","doi":"10.17163/ingenius.n24.2020.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ingenius.n24.2020.04","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl presente trabajo propone un invernadero destinado al secado de cafe formado por una cubierta solar parabolica y estructura modular adaptada. Se inicio a traves de un levantamiento planimetrico elaborado por diferentes softwares de ingenieria y arquitectura como: SolidWorks y Revit Architecture. Para el experimento se utilizo principios de ingenieria inversa, tomando como base, una estructura ya existente para desarrollar un modelo de acople modular, con el fin de establecer interacciones entre mecanismos y estructura. El estudio demostro que el diseno de los acoples de armado, facilitan su movilizacion, reducen costos y permiten la aplicacion de materiales accesibles para el secador parabolico solar (marquesina), adicionalmente se presentan curvas de secado de cafe en un secador solar tipo parabolico y su tiempo representados en Statgraphics. El resultado del modelo con acoples de armado modular se asocio correctamente con resultados experimentales existentes, permitiendo realizar comparaciones entre tiempo y eficiencia del secado de cafe. EnglishThe present work proposes a greenhouse for coffee drying, constituted by a parabolic solar cover and adapted modular structure. It started with a planimetric survey made using different engineering and architecture software, such as: SolidWorks y Revit Architecture. For the experiment, reverse engineering principles based on an existing structure, were used to develop a modular coupling model, in order to establish interactions between mechanisms and structure. The study demonstrated that the design of the assembly couplings facilitates their mobilization, reduces costs and allows the application of accessible materials for the solar parabolic dryer (marquee). Also, the coffee drying curves in a parabolic type solar dryer and their time are shown in Statgraphics. The result of the model with modular armature couplings was correctly associated with the existing experimental results, allowing to compare the time and efficiency of the coffee drying.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"61 1","pages":"36-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67531306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detección de la muerte súbita cardíaca usando el método espectral adaptativo sobre la onda T: Estudio experimental sobre bases de datos públicas","authors":"Marco Javier Flores Calero, Melisa Pilla Barrosso","doi":"10.17163/ingenius.n24.2020.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ingenius.n24.2020.06","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl analisis de la alternancia de la onda T (TWA, T-wave alternans) constituye una de las principales tecnicas para determinar la presencia del sindrome de muerte subita cardiaca (MSC). Entre los metodos existentes para determinar TWA se encuentra el metodo espectral adaptativo (SM-Adaptativo), el cual utiliza distribuciones en tiempo-frecuencia (TFD, time-frecuency distribution) para el analisis. El objetivo del estudio es aplicar este metodo sobre las principales bases de datos publicas con el fin de detectar la presencia o ausencia de alternancias y obtener parametros de calidad del metodo en mencion. El metodo fue probado en senales sinteticas, 90 senales sin TWA y 450 con TWA; por otro lado, se utilizaron 10 senales de la base de datos TWADB de Physionet pertenecientes a pacientes sanos y 26 senales de pacientes con factores de riesgo asociados a la MSC. En las pruebas con senales sinteticas se obtuvo una sensibilidad de 94,89 %, especificidad de 92,22 % y exactitud de 94,44 %. En cuanto a las pruebas en la base de datos el metodo presenta una exactitud del 80,56 %, lo que indica que el metodo SM-Adaptativo permite detectar TWA con una exactitud aceptable, ademas, que presenta mayor robustez frente a ruido y a la estacionariedad de datos. EnglishT-wave alternans (TWA) analysis is one of the main techniques for determining whether an individual is at risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Among the existing methods for determining TWA is the adaptive spectral method (SM-Adaptive), which uses time-frequency distributions (TFD) for the analysis. The objective of the study is to apply the method on main public databases in order to detect the presence or absence of alternations, and to obtain quality parameters of the aforementioned method. The method was tested on synthetic signals, 90 signals without TWA and 450 with TWA; on the other hand, 10 signals from Physionet's TWADB database belonging to healthy patients and 26 signals from patients with risk factors associated to SCD were used. Tests with synthetic signals showed a sensitivity of 94.89%, specificity of 92.22% and accuracy of 94.44%. As for the tests in the database, the method exhibits an accuracy of 80.56%, which indicates that the SM-Adaptive method enables detecting TWA with an acceptable accuracy and, in addition, it shows greater robustness against noise and stationary data.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":"59-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67531325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicción de emisiones de CO y HC en motores Otto mediante redes neuronales","authors":"Wilmer Rafael Contreras Urgiles, Rogelio Santiago León Japa, José Luis Maldonado Ortega","doi":"10.17163/ings.n23.2020.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ings.n23.2020.03","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente trabajo se explica la aplicacion de RNA (redes neuronales artificiales) para la prediccion de emisiones contaminantes generadas por fallas mecanicas en motores de encendido provocado, de la cual se puede cuantificar el porcentaje de CO (% monoxido de carbono) y el particulado por millon HC (ppm hidrocarburos sin quemar), a traves del estudio de la fase de admision del ciclo Otto, la cual es registrada por medio de la implementacion fisica de un sensor MAP (Manifold Absolute Pressure). Se aplica un riguroso protocolo de muestreo y consecuente analisis estadistico. La seleccion y reduccion de atributos de la senal del sensor MAP se realiza en funcion del mayor aporte de informacion y diferencia significativa con la aplicacion de tres metodos estadisticos (ANOVA, matriz de correlacion y Random Forest), de la cual se obtiene una base de datos que permite el entrenamiento de dos redes neuronales feed-forward backpropagation, con las cuales se obtiene un error de clasificacion de 5.4061e-9 y de 9.7587e-5 para la red neuronal de CO y HC respectivamente.","PeriodicalId":53899,"journal":{"name":"Ingenius-Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":"30-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41493849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}