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The impact of financial institutions on the development of the Byzantine economy (10th-12th centuries) 金融机构对拜占庭经济发展的影响(10 -12世纪)

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZRVI1653101M

C. Maniatis

{"title":"The impact of financial institutions on the development of the Byzantine economy (10th-12th centuries)","authors":"C. Maniatis","doi":"10.2298/ZRVI1653101M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/ZRVI1653101M","url":null,"abstract":"This article attempts to ascertain the nature of the financial institutions fashioned diachronically to ensure the orderly operation of the Byzantine economy, encompassing the currency in circulation, credit availability, and the nexus of financial services; to analyze their role and evolution over time; to examine their ability to make rational use of the available financial resources; and ultimately to assess their contribution in ensuring the effective functioning of the marketplace and the economy in the 10th–12th centuries. Emphasis is placed on the effectiveness of the monetary system in providing the requisite liquidity to meet the needs of the productive sectors of the economy; the determining factors of money supply and its sectorial penetration; the measures taken to prevent hoarding and alleviate the gold-dependence of the fiscus; the functional distinction between money-changing and moneylending and its rationale; the rules established for the orderly conduct of currency transactions to prevent unsavory practices; the participants involved in lending operations and the extent of market competition; the importance of credit (and hence debt) financing in promoting agriculture, manufacturing, and trade; and the role of the state in safeguarding the soundness of the monetary system, banking services, deals in precious metals and valuables, and in the pricing of capital. Moreover, the paper addresses collateral issues in dispute providing more cogent answers, identifies misinterpreted sources and unsupported assertions, and fills in lacunae. It is hoped that the searching examination of the design and operation of the enacted financial institutional arrangements will provide valuable insights as to their genesis, adaptation over time, and likely performance in light of the Byzantine economic, social and political realities.","PeriodicalId":53859,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta","volume":"119 1","pages":"101-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85317926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can human beings know the hour of their own death or of the death of others? A ninth-century controversy and its historical context 人类能知道自己或他人死亡的时间吗?九世纪的争论及其历史背景

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZRVI1653063K

Dirk Krausmüller

引用次数: 0

The path to redemption: Reconsidering the role of the image of the virgin above the entrance to the church of the Virgin Hodegetria at the Peć Monastery 救赎之路:重新考虑佩奇修道院圣母Hodegetria教堂入口上方圣母形象的作用

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZRVI1653237M

Ljubomir Milanovic

{"title":"The path to redemption: Reconsidering the role of the image of the virgin above the entrance to the church of the Virgin Hodegetria at the Peć Monastery","authors":"Ljubomir Milanovic","doi":"10.2298/ZRVI1653237M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/ZRVI1653237M","url":null,"abstract":"The church complex of the monastery at Peć achieved its final form with the projects undertaken by archbishop Danilo II (1324–1337). He began with the church of the Virgin Hodegetria (circa 1330) that would house his tomb. His sarcophagus was placed in the northwestern corner of the church below the vault of a small, elongated space. A shared narthex was added to the three monastery churches included in the Peć complex in the early 1330s. The western façade of the church of Hodegetria displays a monumental image of the Mother of God above the entrance that leads from the narthex to the interior. The iconography of the Virgin in Peć has been compared to that of the Virgin as the Fountain of Life as well as with that of the icon of the Mother of God Zoodochos Pege from the homonymous monastery in Constantinople. Such imagery was not, however, associated with the sacrament of baptism and its role in salvation and resurrection. This paper argues that a shared association with the rite of baptism links the image of the Virgin Mary with the funerary function of the church and the tomb of Danilo II, reflecting Danilo II’s personal concern with the Last Judgment and salvation.","PeriodicalId":53859,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta","volume":"45 1","pages":"237-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74345409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The reform of Byzantine military and territorial organization under Justinian II 查士丁尼二世时期拜占庭军事和领土组织的改革

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZRVI1653017C

M. Cvetković

引用次数: 1

On the military competences of the logothetes tou dromou in the 8th century 论公元8世纪义人的军事能力

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZRVI1653047K

Bojana Krsmanović

引用次数: 2

The Greek emperor Alexios in the first vitae of St Simeon Nemanja 希腊皇帝阿历克修斯在圣西蒙·内马尼亚的第一部传记中

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zrvi1653161p

Srdjan Pirivatric

引用次数: 1

The Greek charter of the Hungarian King Stephen I 匈牙利国王斯蒂芬一世的希腊宪章

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZRVI1653127S

Boris Stojkovski

引用次数: 0

Theodore the Studite’s eschatological vision (Hilandar 387) in the ktetor hagiography of the Typikon of the Studenica Monastery (IX H 8 [S 10]) 在学生修道院的Typikon (IX H 8 [S 10])的圣徒传记中，学生西奥多的末世论愿景(Hilandar 387)

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZRVI1653179R

Archimandrite Rakicevic Tikhon

引用次数: 0

The joint charter of the Brankovic brothers and the magnate chancery in the Nemanjic state Brankovic兄弟和Nemanjic州的大大法官的联合宪章

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZRVI1653275B

S. Bojanin

引用次数: 1

The Hilandar manuscript of the eight parts of speech - translation from Serbian Slavonic and commentaries 希兰达尔八词类手稿——塞尔维亚斯拉夫语翻译及注释

Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZRVI1653293J

G. Jovanović, Miroslav Vukelic

引用次数: 0