Ecologia Austral最新文献

{"title":"Infectividad micorrícica nativa en suelos de la Región Pampeana con cultivo de soja, diferentes historiales y características edáficas","authors":"V. Faggioli, M. Cabello, F. Covacevich","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1767","url":null,"abstract":"(AMF), symbionts of the roots of most higher plants and known to promote host nutrition and growth, and soil sustainability. However, the magnitude of the contribution by the AMFs depends, in part, on maintaining its abundance in the soil and their potential to form mycorrhizae with roots. Our objective was to analyze variations in mycorrhizal infectivity (IMS 50 ) and in spontaneous arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization (AM) of soybean crops cropped at three agricultural sites from the north of the Pampean Region (Córdoba), in relation to the historical land use (Agricultural [soybeans for more than 60 years], Mixed agricultural-livestock [A-G, soybean in the last 35 years], and Sierras [soybean in the last 20 years]). An in vivo bioassay revealed that the highest IMS 50 occurred at the Agricultural and Sierras sites, in relation to the Mixed A-G one, the site with the highest available soil P content. Both the IMS 50 and AM negatively correlated with soil P, while IMS 50 was negatively associated with sand content, and positively with water, carbon and clay content. A high degree of infective potential by native AMF was detected in soils destined for soybean crop at the Pampean Region with different historical land use. The IMS 50 was a more sensitive detection method than the determination of AM colonization in the field. It is concluded that IMS 50 could be used to define agricultural management strategies to maintain/favor native AMF communities.","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44904833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecosistemas y beneficios ecosistémicos. ¿Qué valoran y qué estrategias de apropiación utilizan los productores agropecuarios?","authors":"D. Cáceres, Esteban Tapella","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1764","url":null,"abstract":"R������ . se observan profundos cambios consecuencia de la expansión de la frontera agropecuaria. Usando una metodología multiactoral, participativa e interdisciplinaria, el artículo analiza a) cómo distintos tipos de productores agropecuarios perciben y valoran los ecosistemas y las Contribuciones de la Naturaleza para la Gente (CNG) que éstos producen; b) las estrategias que despliegan los productores para apropiarse de las CNG, y c) el rol que estas transformaciones juegan en los procesos de acumulación de capital. En relación con la valoración de las CNG, los resultados muestran una heterogeneidad elevada. Los campesinos identifican y valoran 21 CNG (sobre un total de 22); los grandes productores ganaderos (GPG), 7, y los grandes productores agrícolas (GPA), sólo 4. Los ecosistemas con bosque más conservado son los que ofrecen una mayor cantidad de CNG. Se observan diferentes percepciones, valoraciones y usos de los seis principales ecosistemas presentes en la región, lo que se traduce en diferentes modos de apropiación de la naturaleza. Mientras los campesinos desarrollan NCP; ranchers (LCR), (LF), of NCP. and LF are much more acquisitive and focused. The expansion of the agricultural frontier over native forests promotes the conversion of natural capital into economic capital, in favor of the most capitalized producers (i.e., LCR and LF), generating social and environmental liabilities. Such transformations should be understood within the frame of more general economic and political processes, that deepen extractivism, capital accumulation and economic concentration. The new accumulation strategies demand new ways in which the territory is organized, as well as the social acceptance of mainstream narratives that justify and legitimize the expansion of agrarian capital.","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48947804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caracterización de ecotonos entre biomas de bosque y biomas abiertos en un área protegida en Uruguay","authors":"Verónica Etchebarne-Palla, O. Blumetto, A. Segura, Ariel A. Farías, Laura Cappuccio, Álvaro Soutullo","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1801","url":null,"abstract":"ecotonos explorar relación ganadero ambientales, utilizando área protegida different types of forest biome-open biome ecotones based on woody composition, describe them and explore their relationship with livestock management and environmental variables, using a protected area in Uruguay as a case study. We sampled woody vegetation and other environmental variables in transects (delimited in 200m) in 10 sites across four livestock management systems. We identified two types of forest biome-open biome ecotones, one dominated by shrubland and the other dominated by grassland. Our results agree with the ABS theory and suggest the mechanisms determining the woody composition and the structure of the ecotone vegetation are ca�le and use of fire and/or rotary cu�er. The changes in vegetation structure and woody richness were partly abrupt, which is consistent with what is proposed by the ABS theory. However, the composition also interacted with site factors such as rockiness and distance to the watercourse, suggesting that site-level environmental variables are acting synergistically with vegetation removal to determine vegetation composition. We found that these ecotones are sensitive to management and environmental variables; so, it is necessary to incorporate this landscape and site heterogeneity to articulate productive activity with nature conservation.","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47697997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confort térmico producido por la vegetación arbórea en el macrocentro de Bahía Blanca (Argentina)","authors":"V. S. Duval, G. M. Benedetti, Katherine Baudis","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1814","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44285230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efectos alelopáticos de plantas de Cynodon dactylon L. en praderas naturales invadidas","authors":"D. Bresciano, Nicolás Glison, F. Lezama","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1783","url":null,"abstract":"R������ . Con el objetivo de explorar las causas del éxito invasor de Cynodon dactylon en pastizales intersembrados con leguminosas y fertilizados con fósforo, se evaluó el efecto alelopático de los extractos acuosos de plantas de esta especie invasora —provenientes de un pastizal natural y de un pastizal con intersiembra con leguminosas y fertilización con fósforo— sobre las gramíneas nativas Paspalum notatum y Paspalum dilatatum . Debido a lo observado en pastizales fertilizados, donde la cobertura de C. dactylon aumenta, la de P. notatum decrece y P. dilatatum no es afectado, se esperaba que los aleloquímicos de la invasora provenientes de los pastizales intersembrados y fertilizados afectaran negativamente a P. notatum. Se evaluó el efecto de extractos acuosos de hojas frescas de C. dactylon de un pastizal natural y de un pastizal intersembrado y fertilizado con fósforo sobre la germinación, el crecimiento y el desarrollo de las dos gramíneas intersowing on two fertilized the notatum and P. dilatatum is not the allelochemicals from the intersowing and fertilized have a negative effect on P. notatum . The effect of aqueous extracts of C. dactylon on the germination, growth and development of the two studied. Contrary to our expectations, we detect inhibitory effects of the on germination and adult plants in but an increment of germination of both species irrigated with extracts from intersowing and fertilized grasslands. In contrast, in the responses were The results obtained indicate that aqueous from an allelopathic effect that the invasive success of C. the decrease of P. notatum in fertilized grasslands, although other approaches should be considered for its study.","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49392360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Índice nematodo/copépodo y las abundancias de nematodos y copépodos como bioindicadores de contaminación: un meta-análisis","authors":"Michel Sciberras, A. Menechella, Kevin A. Rucci, N. J. Cazzaniga, Hugo J. Marrero","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1840","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43089897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bosques monotípicos de Gonopterodendron sarmientoi: ambiente, genética y morfología de los palosantales","authors":"G. Camps, Alicia N. Sérsic, M. D. R. Iglesias, A. Verga, Andrea Cosacov","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1877","url":null,"abstract":"sarmientoi : environment, genetics, and morphology of palosantales. Gonopterodendron sarmientoi is a native tree species from Chaco region forest that grows in mixed forest or in pure dense forests (palosantales). Due to habitat destruction and high exploitation, G. sarmientoi is threatened; hence, baseline information about the forests where the species grows is needed to guide future management and conservation programs. The objective of this article is to characterize the environment, genetic diversity and morphology of G. sarmientoi ’s palosantales (n=10), in relation to the species’ mixed forests (n=14). For that, along the whole range of the species distribution, we compared the palosantales and mixed forests regarding their composition of plant species and site a�ributes (soil type and vegetation index), genetic diversity obtained with neutral markers, and leaf and tree morphological traits. The palosantales were characterized by having fewer companion species forests (mean 8; min. 1; max. 14), predominantly with shrub species, in relation to mixed forests (mean 10; min. 8; max. 13). The soils of the palosantales showed high content of clay and low levels of organic carbon and sand. The lowest nutrients sampled sites were palosantales located in the center-west of the species range, in the triple border Argentina-Bolivia-Paraguay, and in the palosantales on Bermejo river paleochannels (Argentina). The vegetation index confirmed the low productivity of palosantales forests (NDVI palosantales 0.38; NDVI mixed forests 0.51). The palosantales were similar in genetic diversity with respect to mixed forest (nucleotide diversity 0.00103 vs 0.00120; Shannon index 0.89 vs 1.02, respectively). Morphologically, G. sarmientoi trees in the palosantales were shorter and shrubbier than the mixed forest trees. The forests of G. sarmientoi require focused research that considers the singularities of each type of forest, allowing conservation of the species and the derived ecosystem services.","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47752805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resignificando nuestros lugares de trabajo: Invitación a co-crear espacios de solidaridad y prácticas emancipadoras en ecología","authors":"Florencia Spirito, Josefina De Paepe, M. F. Reyes","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1856","url":null,"abstract":"la confluencia ecológicas y políticas, la relación naturaleza y cultura, individuo y comunidad, los espacios reales y potenciales deliberación, participación y emancipación de las personas. El objetivo ensayo analizar se expresan estas crisis modernas en nuestros quehaceres académicos y proponer, a través de la reflexión colectiva, prácticas emancipadoras en tres de nuestras actividades principales: las publicaciones científicas, docencia universitaria la comunicación pública ciencia academia La emancipación es una forma de tomar conciencia del poder de los mecanismos de opresión y reconocer las formas de dominación a las que estamos expuestas/os. A través de las prácticas emancipadoras of people. The aim of this essay is to analyze how these crises are expressed in our academic endeavors and to propose, through collective reflection, emancipatory practices in the three main activities in Argentinian academia: scientific publications, university lecturing, and science communication. Emancipation is a way of becoming aware of the power of the oppressive mechanisms and recognizing the forms of domination to which we are exposed. Emancipatory practices comprise the transfer of the ideals of solidarity, justice, and democratic participation in decision-making and self-determination of the political and economic aspects of everyday life. We used a database derived from an anonymous and online survey answered by 684 people from the agricultural, biological, and environmental science disciplines of Argentina during 2018-2019. We analyzed the comments, which were free-form and optional, with the qualitative program MAXQDA. The 195 comments received were related to feelings of frustration, anguish, and hopelessness associated with the labor environment and academic career activities. We linked these comments with the time it takes to publish manuscripts and the academic multitasking required by the system; cooperation among colleagues could alleviate these feelings. Throughout this essay, we discuss and reflect on these feelings in order to propose, through five concrete experiences, examples of emancipatory practices that can be replicated and adapted to our workspaces. These proposals are only a first step in rethinking our tasks and decisions as researchers and promoting ways of knowing and practicing ecology in a more creative, reflective, and inclusive ways to contribute to our emancipation and also to a more just world.","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42585519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bases para estudiar las alteraciones del régimen hidrológico y su importancia ecológica en la Argentina","authors":"Leandro Rodrígues Capítulo, Luis A. Espínola, Federico Yoya, F. Gaspari, Gabriela Mazzucchelli, E. Kruse","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.1.1.1219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.1.1.1219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44323092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La investigación científica y la conservación de la biodiversidad en parques nacionales de la Argentina. Dónde estamos y hacia dónde podríamos ir","authors":"Laura Borsellino, Emmanuel Zufiaurre, David N. Bilenca","doi":"10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25260/ea.22.32.2.0.1942","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53684,"journal":{"name":"Ecologia Austral","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45597301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}