Genome Integrity最新文献

{"title":"Strong Correlation among Three Biodosimetry Techniques Following Exposures to Ionizing Radiation","authors":"C. Kang, H. J. Yun, Hanna Kim, Cha Soon Kim","doi":"10.4103/2041-9414.197168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2041-9414.197168","url":null,"abstract":"Three in vitro dose calibration curves for biodosimetry such as dicentric chromosome assay, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay for translocation, and micronuclei (MNs) in binucleated cell assay were established after exposure to ionizing radiation. Peripheral blood lymphocyte samples obtained from healthy donors were irradiated with 60Co source at a dose rate of 0.5 Gy/min to doses of 0.1–6 Gy. The results from three in vitro dose calibration curves for biodosimetry were analyzed to understand the relationship among biodosimetry assay techniques. Our comparison demonstrates that there is a very strong positive correlation among the dicentric assay, FISH, and MNs analysis, and these three biodosimetry assays strongly support the in vitro dose reconstruction and the emergency preparedness of public or occupational radiation overexposure.","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4103/2041-9414.197168","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70203954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening Biological Dosimetry in Member States of the International Atomic Energy Agency","authors":"P. Hande, R. Sharan, Oleg V. Belyakov","doi":"10.4103/2041-9414.197170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2041-9414.197170","url":null,"abstract":"© 2016 Genome Integrity | Published by Wolters Kluwer Medknow Open Access Russia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, UK, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Vietnam. The CRP established links with the Incident and Emergency Centre, World Health Organization BioDoseNet, Coordination Action “Realizing the European Network of Biodosimetry,” Japanese National Institute of Radiological Science (currently, the National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology), and Hiroshima International Council for Health Care of the Radiation‐Exposed. The CRP was started in February 2012 and concluded in March 2016. Project Officers Jan Wondergem (2012–2013) and Oleg Belyakov (2013–2016) in their capacity of staff IAEA Radiation Biologists were in charge of the CRP. IAEA awarded research contracts and research agreements to participating institutions depending on the type of support it was allowed to provide to the MSs. Each Chief Scientific Investigator (leading work in participating institution) made sincere attempt to raised funds from their own resources to establish or strengthen their biodosimetry laboratories extending full cooperation to the success of the CRP. During the course of the CRP, three Research Coordination Meetings were held in 2012, 2014, and 2016 at the IAEA Headquarters in Vienna to jointly monitor the progress of work. All participating laboratories made significant progress during this period in the domain of biodosimetry covering the entire spectrum – from establishing a very basic biodosimetry laboratory starting with DCA assay to advanced cytogenetic assays as well as developing/establishment of new technologies for biodosimetry in the future with an emphasis on high‐throughput technologies.","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70204065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Dose-response Curves for Dicentrics and Premature Chromosome Condensation for Radiological Emergency Preparedness in Thailand","authors":"Benchawan Rungsimaphorn, B. Rerkamnuaychoke, W. Sudprasert","doi":"10.4103/2041-9414.197165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2041-9414.197165","url":null,"abstract":"The in vitro dose calibration curves using conventional biological dosimetry – dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) and premature chromosome condensation (PCC) assay – were performed for the first time in Thailand for reconstruction of radiation dose in the exposed individuals. The peripheral blood lymphocyte samples from healthy donors were irradiated with 137Cs source at a dose rate of 0.652 Gy/min to doses of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Gy for DCA technique, and 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 Gy for PCC technique. The blood samples were cultured and processed following the standard procedure as prescribed in the International Atomic Energy Agency report with slight modifications. The yield of dicentrics with dose from at least 1000 metaphases or 100 dicentrics was fitted to a linear quadratic model using Chromosome Aberration Calculation Software (CABAS, version 2.0) whereas those of PCC rings with dose from 100 rings was fitted to a linear quadratic equation at doses from 0 to 15 Gy. These curves will be useful for in vitro dose reconstruction and can support the preparedness for overexposure to radiation among public or occupational workers and eventual radiological accident in Thailand.","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70204111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibration Curve for Dicentric Chromosomes Induced in Human Blood Lymphocytes Exposed to Gamma Rays at a Dose Rate of 12.5 mGy/s","authors":"T. Que, Phạm Ngọc Duy, B. Luyen","doi":"10.4103/2041-9414.197171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2041-9414.197171","url":null,"abstract":"To develop a calibration curve for induction of dicentric chromosomes by radiation, we have used a 60Co gamma-ray source with dose rate of 12.5 mGy/s. Whole blood from 15 healthy donors was collected. Whole blood from each donor was divided equally into 8 parts for exposing to supposedly physical doses 0, 0.30, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 3.00 and 4.00 Gy for a independent calibration curve. Whole blood from 15 donors was used to calibrate dose – effect and statistical for general calibration curve. Using Poisson test (U-test) for the distribution of dicentric chromosomes in the metaphases to determine the uniformity of the radiation field. The average from 15 independent calibration curves of linear correlated coefficient was determined to be r (y, d) = 0.5136 ± 0.0038. The model equation derived is y = aD + bD2 + C. The calibration equation of dose-effect was y = 1.01D + 4.43D2 + 0.56.","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4103/2041-9414.197171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70204147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a Dose-response Curve for X-ray-Induced Micronuclei in Human Lymphocytes","authors":"Y. Lusiyanti, Z. Alatas, M. Syaifudin, S. Purnami","doi":"10.4103/2041-9414.197162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2041-9414.197162","url":null,"abstract":"The cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes is an established technique for biodosimetry. The aim of this project was to generate a X-ray induced micronuclei (MN) curve for peripheral blood lymphocytes taken from five healthy donors. The blood samples were irradiated with X-rays of 122 KeV at a dose rate of 0.652 Gy/min to doses of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 Gy. The blood samples were then cultured for 72 h at 37°C and processed following the International Atomic Energy Agency standard procedure with slight modifications. The result showed that the yields of MN frequencies were increased with the increase of radiation dose. Reconstruction of the relationship of MN with dose was fitted to a linear-quadratic model using Chromosome Aberration Calculation Software version 2.0. Due to their advantages, mainly, the dependence on radiation dose and dose rate, despite their limitation, these curves will be useful as alternative method for in vitro dose reconstruction and can support the preparedness for public or occupational radiation overexposure and protection. The results reported here also give us confidence to apply the obtained calibration curve of MN for future biological dosimetry requirements in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4103/2041-9414.197162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70203758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exceptional Association Between Klinefelter Syndrome and Growth Hormone Deficiency.","authors":"Sana Doubi,&nbsp;Zoubida Amrani,&nbsp;Hanan El Ouahabi,&nbsp;Saïd Boujraf,&nbsp;Farida Ajdi","doi":"10.4103/2041-9414.165531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2041-9414.165531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is characterized in adults by the combination of a tall stature, small testes, gynecomastia, and azoospermia. This case is described in a North African population of the Mediterranean region of North Africa. We report the case of a male 16 years old, of Arab ethnic origin, and diagnosed with this syndrome, who had a small height in relation to a growth hormone (GH) deficiency and a history of absence seizures (generalized myoclonic epilepsy). The patient's size was <-2.8 standard deviation (SD) with weight <-3 SD. GH deficiency was isolated and confirmed by two dynamic tests (insulin - hypoglycemia tolerance test and clonidine) with normal hypothalamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). GH supplementation using recombinant GH was advocated, while gonadotropin treatment was deferred. Small size in children or adolescents should not eliminate the diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome - on the contrary, the presence of any associated sign (brain maturation, delay in puberty, aggressiveness) should encourage one to request a karyotype for the diagnosis and appropriate care of any case of KS that can be associated with GH deficiency, or which is in a variant form (isochromosome Xq, 49,XXXXY). </p>","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"6 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4103/2041-9414.165531","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34502549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Analysis of Integrated Gene Functional Network of Four Chronic Stress-related Lifestyle Disorders.","authors":"Souvick Roy,&nbsp;Abhik Chakraborty,&nbsp;Chinmoy Ghosh,&nbsp;Birendranath Banerjee","doi":"10.4103/2041-9414.155952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2041-9414.155952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stress is a term used to define factors involved in changes in the physiological balances resulting in disease conditions. Chronic exposure to stress conditions in modern lifestyles has resulted in a group of disorders called lifestyle disorders. Genetic background and environmental factors are interrelated to lifestyle in determining the health status of individuals. Hence, identification of disease-associated genes is the primary step toward explanations of pathogenesis of these diseases. In functional genomics, large-scale molecular and physiological data are used for the identification of causative genes associated with a disease.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objective of our study was to find a common set of genes involved in chronic stress-related lifestyle diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension (HTN), and obesity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In our study, we have performed a systematic analysis of the functional gene network of four chronic stress-related lifestyle diseases by retrieving genes from published databases. We have tried to systematically construct a functional protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The goals of establishing this network were the functional enrichment study of interacting partners as well as functional disease ontology annotation (FunDO) of the enriched genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study enabled the identification of key genes involved in these stress-related lifestyle diseases by prioritizing candidate genes based on their degree of involvement. In this systematic analysis, we have found key genes for these diseases based on their involvement and association at the gene network level and PPI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have deciphered a group of genes that in combination play a crucial role and may impact the function of the whole genome in the four lifestyle disorders mentioned.</p>","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"6 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5e/c9/GI-6-1.PMC4911901.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34502548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of Iron-Containing Proteins in Genome Integrity in Arabidopsis Thaliana.","authors":"Caiguo Zhang","doi":"10.4103/2041-9414.155953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2041-9414.155953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Arabidopsis genome encodes numerous iron-containing proteins such as iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster proteins and hemoproteins. These proteins generally utilize iron as a cofactor, and they perform critical roles in photosynthesis, genome stability, electron transfer, and oxidation-reduction reactions. Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to maintain iron homeostasis for the assembly of functional iron-containing proteins, thereby ensuring genome stability, cell development, and plant growth. Over the past few years, our understanding of iron-containing proteins and their functions involved in genome stability has expanded enormously. In this review, I provide the current perspectives on iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis, followed by a summary of iron-containing protein functions involved in genome stability maintenance and a discussion of their possible molecular mechanisms. </p>","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"6 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4103/2041-9414.155953","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34502550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of LET and chromatin structure on chromosomal inversion in CHO10B2 cells.","authors":"Ian M Cartwright,&nbsp;Matthew D Genet,&nbsp;Akira Fujimori,&nbsp;Takamitsu A Kato","doi":"10.1186/2041-9414-5-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2041-9414-5-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study we evaluated the effect of linear energy transfer (LET) and chromatin structure on the induction of chromosomal inversion. High LET radiation causes more complex DNA damage than low LET radiation; this \"dirty\" damage is more difficult to repair and may result in an increase in inversion formation. CHO10B2 cells synchronized in either G1 or M phase were exposed 0, 1, or 2 Gy of 5 mm Al and Cu filters at 200 kVp and 20 mA X-rays or 500 MeV/nucleon of initial energy and 200 keV/μ m Fe ion radiation. In order to increase the sensitivity of prior techniques used to study inversions, we modified the more traditional Giemsa plus fluorescence technique so that cells were only allowed to incorporate BrdU for a single cycle verses 2 cycles. The BrdU incorporated DNA strand was labeled using a BrdU antibody and an Alexa Fluor 488 probe. This modified technique allowed us to observe inversions smaller than 0.6 megabases (Mb).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study we have shown that high LET radiation induces significantly more inversions in G1 cells than in M phase cells. Additionally, we have shown that the sizes of the induced inversions not only differ between Fe ion and X-rays, but also between G1 and M phase cells exposed to Fe ions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have effectively shown that both radiation quality and chromosome structure interact to alter not only the number of inversions induced, but also the size of the inversions.</p>","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"5 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/2041-9414-5-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32066099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIRT1/PARP1 crosstalk: connecting DNA damage and metabolism.","authors":"Augustin Luna, Mirit I Aladjem, Kurt W Kohn","doi":"10.1186/2041-9414-4-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/2041-9414-4-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An intricate network regulates the activities of SIRT1 and PARP1 proteins and continues to be uncovered. Both SIRT1 and PARP1 share a common co-factor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and several common substrates, including regulators of DNA damage response and circadian rhythms. We review this complex network using an interactive Molecular Interaction Map (MIM) to explore the interplay between these two proteins. Here we discuss how NAD + competition and post-transcriptional/translational feedback mechanisms create a regulatory network sensitive to environmental cues, such as genotoxic stress and metabolic states, and examine the role of those interactions in DNA repair and ultimately, cell fate decisions. </p>","PeriodicalId":53596,"journal":{"name":"Genome Integrity","volume":"4 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3898398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31975313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}