Eurasian Journal of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Endocan Level in Determining Large and Small Vessel Occlusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Erdal Tekin, Muhammet Çelik, Fatma Tortum, Ali Gür, İbrahim Özlü, Mehmet Nuri Koçak, Özcan Ağyürek, Mustafa Bayraktar","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251094","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke is a clinical condition in which blood flow to a brain area is interrupted by occlusion or hemorrhage. At present, the diagnosis and treatment of stroke are based on the use of biochemical markers and imaging methods. The degree of inflammation in the vessel wall may be reflected by changes in endocan levels. The aim of this study was the investigation of the role of endocan blood levels in the determination of large- and small-vessel occlusion in acute ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective, single-center clinical study. Sociodemographic characteristics, physical examination, laboratory findings, and endocan levels were recorded. Patients with ischemic stroke were categorized as large-vessel occlusive (LVO) or small-vessel occlusive (SVO) on computed tomography (CT) angiography. Blood endocan levels were compared between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 110 patients were included in the study; the mean age of these patients was 69.2 years and 50.5% were male. Large-vessel occlusive was present in 33.3% (n = 31) of these patients, and endocan levels were higher in the LVO group but without statistical significance (P > .05). Modified Rankin Score was higher in the LVO group while Glasgow Coma Score was lower and both were statistically significant (P < .001). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve for troponin was 0.762 and statistically significant (P = .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum endocan levels did not differ significantly between LVO patients and controls. However, more research is needed to determine how significant these high endocan levels are in diagnosing major artery disease.   Cite this article as: Tekin E, Çelik M, Tortum F, et al. The role of endocan level in determining large and small vessel occlusion in acute ischemic stroke. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(2), 1094, doi: 10.5152/ eurasianjmed.2026.251094.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 2","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonography and the Reorientation of Developmental Hip Dysplasia Research: An NLP-NMF Trend Analysis (1980-2024).","authors":"Recep Taşkin, Sinan Yılar, İbrahim Budak, Fatih Uğur","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251249","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Graf's introduction of hip ultrasonography (US) in the 1980s coincided with a major change in developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) screening and diagnostic practice, with a gradual reduction in reliance on examination- and radiograph-only strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A natural language processing pipeline and non-negative matrix factorization (NLP-NMF) were applied to Scopus-indexed DDH publications, extracting topics and weights across 4 epochs (pre-1980, 1980-1984, 1985-1989, 1980-2024) anchored to the 1980 US milestone. Topic co-occurrence networks, weight distributions, and segmented regression summarized thematic shifts and tested for a 1980 breakpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the post-1980 corpus, a distinct diagnostic imaging theme emerged and strengthened, while surgery declined and anatomy remained influential. In 1985-1989, joint anatomy dominated (39.1%), followed by diagnosis (18.6%), pediatric orthopedics (15.3%), surgery (13.7%), and conservative treatment (13.4%). Across 1980-2024, clinical evaluation accounted for 31.5% of publications, followed by anatomy (19.6%), genetic anomaly (16.7%), diagnostic imaging (16.6%), and surgery (15.6%). Within diagnostic imaging, US carried a high weight (0.948), underscoring its central role. Segmented regression identified a structural breakpoint around 1980, temporally coincident with the period in which hip US entered clinical practice and diffused across the field.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The NLP-NMF analysis of 4 decades of DDH literature shows a sustained pivot toward imagingsupported,n clinically anchored evaluation and growing attention to etiologic and syndromic/anomaly contexts alongside anatomical determinants, with potential implications for earlier detection, risk-aligned follow-up, and more targeted use of operative management.   Cite this article as: Taşkin R, Yılar S, Budak İ, Uğur F. Ultrasonography and the reorientation of developmental hip dysplasia research: an NLP-NMF trend analysis (1980-2024). Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58 (2), 1249, doi:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251249.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 2","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance with Physician Follow-up Appointments After Acute Traumatic Hand and Forearm Injuries: A Prospective Comparison of Demographic, Socioeconomic, and Clinical Characteristics.","authors":"İremnur Özcan Özel, Hande Özdemir, Erol Benlier","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251324","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim was to compare the demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical characteristics of patients who were compliant with and non-compliant with physician follow-up appointments at a hand rehabilitation clinic after acute traumatic hand and forearm injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 81 patients with hand and forearm injuries. At the initial presentation, patients' demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, nature and severity of injury, scores of Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale, previous injury history, and rehabilitation experiences were recorded. Permanent workers were also questioned about the urgency of returning to work and the impact of the injury on their ability to continue working. Those who attended all 6 follow-up appointments (compliants) and those who did not attend at least 1 follow-up appointment (non-compliants) were compared on variables recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 62 males (76.5%) and 19 females (23.5%), aged 18-76 years, with a median age of 31 years. No significant differences were found between compliant and noncompliant patients in terms of demographic and socioeconomic factors, injury-related clinical features, illness perception, psychological status, exercise benefit/barrier perceptions, previous injuries, and perceived return-to-work urgency. Patients who reported being unable to work without using their injured hands, who received hospital-based outpatient rehabilitation, and who had prior rehabilitation experience were more likely to attend follow-up appointments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirmed the concept that patient compliance with physician follow-up appointments in patients with hand and forearm injuries constitutes a multifaceted health behavior   Cite this article as: Özcan Özel İ, Özdemir H, Benlier E. Compliance with physician followup appointments after acute traumatic hand and forearm injuries: A prospective comparison of demographic, socioeconomic and clinical characteristics. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(2), 1324, doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251324.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 2","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From MASLD to MELD 3.0: Integrating the Spectrum of Liver Disease Risk Stratification into Primary Care.","authors":"Pavan Kumar Reddy Kalluru, Nirmal Onteddu, Lourdhu Pragna Reddy Onteddu, Shivani Thota, Apoorva Cherukuri, Hossein Rajali, Kalyan Naik Gugulothu","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251254","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p> In 2023, key advancements in liver disease were introduced into practice. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) replaces nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) 3.0 replaced MELD-sodium. The prevalence of MASLD among adults is approximately 38%, and it is anticipated to rise by more than 55% by 2040. The economic burden in the USA related to MASLD exceeds $100 billion. If unrecognized, 20%-30% of adults with MASLD advance to MASH, cirrhosis of the liver, and may develop hepatocellular carcinoma. In the last 30 years, deaths related to cirrhosis have increased. As clinical approaches to screening are enhanced, the primary care physicians need to be indoctrinated. By recognizing risk factors, primary care providers can reduce the national disease burden and expedite interventions to improve patient outcomes. This manuscript aims to increase awareness of the availability of evolving knowledge necessary to minimize gatekeeping in the liver disease care path.   Cite this article as: Kalluru PKR, Onteddu N, Onteddu LPR, et al. From MASLD to MELD 3.0: integrating the spectrum of liver disease risk stratification into primary care. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(2), 1254, doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251254.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 2","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13022925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dependency of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells on Glutamine and Glucose Levels in the Presence of Metformin.","authors":"Şahika Cıngır Köker, İrem Doğan Turaçlı","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251018","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic shift is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. Due to mutations in oncogenes such as Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene (KRAS), cancer cells can adapt to stress-induced conditions. One of the adaptations that is commonly observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells is glutaminolysis, where they exhibit high dependency on the presence of glutamine. Metformin is used for its anti-tumor effects, which inhibit mitochondrial complex I. This study aimed to investigate how glucose and glutamine availability affect the proliferation of three KRAS mutant NSCLC cells under metformin pressure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using gene expression datasets, it was observed that glutamine was the second most affected metabolite upon metformin-treated A549 cells. Based on this, several 3-(4,5-dimethyltiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were done by using high and low glucose conditions having different concentrations of glutamine at different time points. Moreover, metformin was added to the setup to observe the flexibility of the cancer cells in terms of metabolic switches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Addition of glutamine resulted in a decrease in metformin's antiproliferative effect especially in high glucose conditions at later time points. A significantly higher proliferation rate in low glucose conditions compared to high glucose conditions was observed, which is especially pronounced with the addition of glutamine. These observations were supported by the gene expression analysis of the GSE dataset, which revealed upregulation of apoptosis related genes and downregulation of proliferation-related genes in metformin-treated A549 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taken together, the results highlight the importance of targeting different metabolites and metabolic pathways in cancer therapy.   Cite this article as: K.ker ŞC, Tura.lı İD. Dependency of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells on glutamine and glucose levels in the presence of metformin. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(2), 1018, doi:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251018.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 2","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, and Thyroid Disease Comorbidities in Palmoplantar Pustulosis.","authors":"Ayşe Akbaş, Fadime Kılınç, Sertaç Şener, Yıldız Hayran","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251026","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a chronic, inflammatory pustular skin disease of unknown etiology. Genetic predisposition, smoking, focal infections, stress, and autoimmune diseases are implicated in its etiology. In this study, the presence of thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia in PPP was investigated based on comorbidities in psoriasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The records of 51 patients who were diagnosed with PPP both clinically and histopathologically and presented to the dermatology clinic were examined retrospectively. In these patients, fasting blood sugar, HbA1C, serum lipids (cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (ft4), free triiodothyronine (ft3), antithyroglobulin (antiTG), antithyroid peroxidase antibody (antiTPO) were recorded, and the presence of DM, dyslipidemia, and thyroid disease was investigated. Compared with the control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of the patients was 47.9 (Å}12.1) years and the average disease duration was 5 (3-12) years. In the patients, hypertriglyceridemia was found in 29.4%, hypercholesterolemia in 45.1%, high LDL in 44%, low HDL in 14%, thyroid disease in 11.76%, and DM in 21.5%. When these values were compared with the control group, triglyceride values were significantly higher in the patients compared to the controls (P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the data of this study, as in psoriasis, it could be suggested that there is a possibility of DM, dyslipidemia, and thyroid disease comorbidity with PPP.   Cite this article as: Akbaş A, Kılın. F, Şener S, Hayran Y. Evaluation of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and thyroid disease comorbidities in palmoplantar pustulosis. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(2), 1026, doi:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251026.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 2","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13022926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Kidney Injury in the Emergency Department: Key Predictors for Early Renal Replacement Therapy.","authors":"Ali İlker Akdoğanlar, Salim Satar, Selen Acehan, Müge Gülen, Engin Onan, Sedat Kuleci, Sarper Sevdimbaş, Cumali Kuş","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251272","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common condition in emergency departments (EDs), often associated with significant mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to identify predictors of renal replacement therapy (RRT) requirement in patients presenting with AKI who did not meet absolute indications for RRT at ED evaluation but subsequently required RRT during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 266 patients with AKI who were assessed in the ED were enrolled in this prospective observational study and subsequently monitored in the Internal Medicine Intensive Care Unit (ICU) between October 2022 and September 2023. Patients were allocated into 2 analytically defined categories: those not requiring renal replacement therapy [RRT (-)] and those who required RRT [RRT (+)]. Laboratory and clinical data were recorded prospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, 30.8% of the patients (n = 82) required RRT due to complications. The overall mortality rate of the study cohort was 32.3%. Regression analysis identified nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use (OR: 7.944, 95% CI: 1.583-39.871, P = .012) and elevated creatinine levels (OR: 1.321, 95% CI: 1.017-1.715, P = .037) as independent predictors of RRT requirement. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the area under the curve for creatinine levels was 0.818 (95% CI: 0.761-0.874, P < .001). A creatinine cut-off value of 3.15 mg/dL was determined, with a sensitivity of 79.3% and a specificity of 70.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NSAID use and elevated serum creatinine at ED presentation are independent predictors of early RRT requirement in AKI patients. These factors may assist clinicians in identifying high-risk patients who may benefit from closer monitoring or earlier intervention.   Cite this article as: Akdoğanlar Aİ, Satar S, Acehan S, et al. Acute kidney injury in the emergency department: key predictors for early renal replacement therapy. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(2), 1272, doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251272.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 2","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13022927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Septorhinoplasty on Psychopathology and Quality of Life.","authors":"Pınar Tekin, Yüksel Toplu, Lale Gönenir Erbay","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251146","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose was to assess the impact of septorhinoplasty on psychopathology and well-being and to demonstrate the effectiveness of septorhinoplasty and emphasize the importance of considering psychopathological status when selecting patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy patients scheduled for septorhinoplasty were evaluated prospectively. Following patient selection, participants were asked to complete a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Beck Depression Inventory, the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation Scale (NOSE), the Short Form-36 (SF-36), and the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation Questionnaire (ROE) preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age in the study was calculated as 26.14 Å} 6.80. The postoperative NOSE and BAI scores of the patients decrease, while ROE score increases (P < .05). An increase in physical role, physical function, general health, and social functioning scores was also found in SF-36 subscales (P < .05). There was an inverse correlation between preoperative depression levels and postoperative satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Septorhinoplasty has a positive effect on quality of life and anxiety. When selecting a patient, attention should be paid to the level of depression.   Cite this article as: Tekin P, Toplu Y, G.nenir Erbay L. The effect of septorhinoplasty on psychopathology and quality of life. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(1), 1146, doi:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251146.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12979938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Ginger Mouthwash on Pregnant Women with Stress and Gingivitis by Measuring Different Salivary Biomarker Levels.","authors":"Batool Abbas Tareq, Athraa Ali Mahmood, Hashim Mueen Hussein","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251093","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gingivitis is common among pregnant women due to hormonal changes, and stress can increase the severity. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is the standard treatment for gingivitis, but its side effects limit its use during pregnancy. Ginger has an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. The research aims to evaluate ginger mouthwash's impact on gingival health, cortisol, and lactoferrin (LF) levels in pregnant women with stress and gingivitis compared to distilled water and CHX.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The completed research was a parallel 3-arm triple-blind randomized clinical investigation. The study included 45 pregnant women with stress and gingivitis. Clinical periodontal indicators (bleeding on probing [BOP], plaque index [PI], and gingival index [GI]) were examined at baseline visit and after 7 days of using mouthwash, diaphragmatic breathing, and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR). Salivary cortisol and LF levels were measured, and a comparison was made before and after treatment. The participants answered a \"visual analog scale-based questionnaire\" at the second visit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly reduced in BOP, PI, and GI in all interventions, but ginger and CHX had a greater significant effect compared to placebo. All mouthwashes, diaphragmatic breathing, and PMR significantly reduced cortisol and LF concentrations. However, the responses to the questionnaire showed that ginger and CHX had significant differences in Q1 and Q3, while nonsignificant differences in Q2, Q4, Q5, and Q6.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ginger mouthwash achieved CHX-comparable reductions in BOP, GI, and PI and decreased cortisol and LF concentrations after 1 week from baseline without adverse effects, highlighting a safe, natural alternative during pregnancy.,   Cite this article as: Tareq BA, Mahmood AA, Hussein HM. The impact of ginger mouthwash on pregnant women with stress and gingivitis by measuring different salivary biomarker levels. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(1), 1093, doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251093.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12979939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of Congenital Heart Diseases in Iraqi Patients.","authors":"Sadiq M Al-Hamash, Amer Naes Amer, Kamal Ali Mohammed Maerozy, Khalid A Khalid","doi":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251236","DOIUrl":"10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early detection and risk stratification of congenital heart disease (CHD) are of utmost importance for timely management. This study aimed to report on CHD among patients in Baghdad, Iraq.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study was conducted from September 1, 2022 to September 1, 2023 among 2221 patients of all age groups diagnosed with CHD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study analyzed 2221 patients with CHD, of whom 76.7% had acyanotic CHD and 23.3% had cyanotic CHD. The mean age was higher for acyanotic cases (81.3 months) than for cyanotic cases (25.6 months). Almost half (47.5%) of the diagnoses were made in infancy, and 10.9% were made in the neonatal period. Only 13.2% of the diagnoses were made in adulthood. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) was the most frequent lesion, mainly diagnosed in infancy, whereas atrial septal defect (ASD) was often recognized in adulthood (42%). Critical conditions such as D-transposition of great arteries and hypoplastic left heart syndrome were mostly neonatal diagnoses. Gender distribution was balanced overall, though ASD and patent ductus arteriosus were significantly more common in females, while aortic stenosis, D-transposition of the great arteries, and coarctation predominated in males. Ventricular septal defect (30.2%) was the leading acyanotic lesion, while Tetralogy of Fallot (9.4%) was the most common cyanotic CHD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research indicates that acyanotic CHD prevails in Iraq, with VSD being the most common. More than half of the sample was diagnosed by the age of 2. A male predominance was observed throughout indicating a need for early screening with gender consideration.   Cite this article as: Al-Hamash SM, Amer AN, Maerozy KAM, Khalid KA. Spectrum of congenital heart diseases in Iraqi patients. Eurasian J Med. 2026, 58(1), 1236, doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251236.</p>","PeriodicalId":53592,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12966888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}