BMJ Innovations最新文献

{"title":"Critical analysis of the effect the new Medical Device Regulation will have on the relevant stakeholder","authors":"Tehzeem Ahmed, J. Zafar, F. Sharif, H. Zafar","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000855","url":null,"abstract":"The regulatory framework around medical devices in the European Union has always focused on upholding patient safety. However, over the years, certain scandals have come to light in which patient safety has been compromised considerably. As a consequence, the overwhelming opprobrium was the cause for a radical change. The new Medical Device Regulation (MDR) has now been introduced (but yet to be fully implemented) to primarily combat the issues that have arisen as a result of these scandals. The MDR has been subject to significant commentary, particularly the effect it will have on relevant stakeholders. The stakeholders in the context of the MDR are the manufacturers, distributors, authorised representatives and importers. There is a general consensus among various professionals that the new requirements are far more onerous than the obligations contained in the previous regulatory framework. Moreover, there has been a lengthy delay in the date of application for the MDR. In particular, the approval of the notified bodies is raising a great concern. This paper will provide a critical analysis of the new requirements that stakeholders must comply with and, in addition, will review the postponement of the MDR.","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"15 9 1","pages":"285 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79615156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Appropriation of Knowledge and its contributions to the prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural contexts","authors":"Kathleen Agudelo Paipilla, D. Castro-Arroyave, Laura Guzmán Grajales, M. Echavarría","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000899","url":null,"abstract":"© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Reuse permitted under CC BYNC. No commercial reuse. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. BACKGROUND Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected infectious endemic disease that is transmitted through the bite of a vector insect (sandfly) of the Lutzomyia genus, 2 typical of rural geographical territories, 4 and causes disfiguring skin ulcers and disabilities. It is estimated that CL affects between 600 000 and 1 000 000 people a year around the world, mainly in the America s, the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East and Central Asia. Eighteen of the 21 countries that make up the Latin American (LA) region are considered endemic areas for this neglected tropical disease. Colombia is one of the countries that reports the majority of global cases with 6161 in 2020 and has the second highest number of cases in the Americas, after Brazil. 6 This disease is associated with poor socioeconomic conditions, low coverage of access to basic sanitation services and difficulties in accessing health services. Despite the various efforts of public health systems and leishmaniasis surveillance and control programmes, the implemented strategies are still challenged with being timely, efficient and sustainable. Additionally, barriers caused by geographical conditions and sociocultural aspects such as unawareness about the subject persist. 9 This scenario highlights the importance of proposing situated initiatives, based on the communities in favour of strengthening Social Appropriation of Knowledge (SAK) processes for the prevention and control of the disease.","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"6 1","pages":"234 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82522989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert panel: an innovative approach to evaluating government policy commitments in health and social care","authors":"A. J. Lacey, Florence L. Young, S. Peckham, J. Dacre","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000913","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"75 1","pages":"296 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86012501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence and opioid use: a narrative review","authors":"S. Gadhia, G. Richards, Tracey Marriott, J. Rose","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2022-000972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2022-000972","url":null,"abstract":"Background Opioids are strong pain medications that can be essential for acute pain. However, opioids are also commonly used for chronic conditions and illicitly where there are well-recognised concerns about the balance of their benefits and harms. Technologies using artificial intelligence (AI) are being developed to examine and optimise the use of opioids. Yet, this research has not been synthesised to determine the types of AI models being developed and the application of these models. Methods We aimed to synthesise studies exploring the use of AI in people taking opioids. We searched three databases: the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase and Medline on 4 January 2021. Studies were included if they were published after 2010, conducted in a real-life community setting involving humans and used AI to understand opioid use. Data on the types and applications of AI models were extracted and descriptively analysed. Results Eighty-one articles were included in our review, representing over 5.3 million participants and 14.6 million social media posts. Most (93%) studies were conducted in the USA. The types of AI technologies included natural language processing (46%) and a range of machine learning algorithms, the most common being random forest algorithms (36%). AI was predominately applied for the surveillance and monitoring of opioids (46%), followed by risk prediction (42%), pain management (10%) and patient support (2%). Few of the AI models were ready for adoption, with most (62%) being in preliminary stages. Conclusions Many AI models are being developed and applied to understand opioid use. However, there is a need for these AI technologies to be externally validated and robustly evaluated to determine whether they can improve the use and safety of opioids.","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"10 1","pages":"78 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84576902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of no-code platforms in the development of clinician-designed mobile apps to support clinical work in the emergency department","authors":"Zhenghong Liu, Rachael Pik Yi Lo, Jonathan Ming Hua Cheng, Paul Weng Wan, K. Tan","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000852","url":null,"abstract":"© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial reuse. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. BACKGROUND AND OPERATIONAL AIMS Clinicians are required to have a deep grasp of medical knowledge, keep up with the latest literature and stay updated on evolving hospital guidelines. Emergency department (ED) clinicians in particular deal with a large breadth of information, referring to guidelines from multiple professional bodies from different specialties. This need to stay current is especially crucial during this COVID19 pandemic, where more than 20 000 articles were published over a 6month period during the pandemic. This naturally translated into new hospital workflows and guidelines that evolved quickly as evidence grew. To deal with large volumes of information, several solutions have been commonly in use. These include mobile friendly websites such as UpToDate (https://www. uptodate.com) and MedCalc (https:// www.mdcalc.com) for general clinical care. For emergency medicine clinicians, websites such as CorePendium (https:// www.emrap.org/corependium/) and mobile apps such as Bedside EM (https:// www.expeditiondocs.com/bedsideem) offer specialtyspecific information. To disseminate latest guideline changes and workflows quickly, some institutions have opted to use text messaging, while others have relied on daily email bulletins or institutional intranets. While these solutions have enhanced clinical work, they have some limitations. First, they do not allow for personalisation. Second, choosing to send out information by text or email rapidly results in a disorganised accumulation of information, possibly leading to clinicians referring to the incorrect document. Lastly, the user interface of institutional intranets often caters to only desktop computers and updating these institutional folders may be nonintuitive or require the assistance of administrative support. In prior years, there have been reports of clinicians developing their own apps, notably to support clinical education. These have been limited by certain features of the platforms used, such as incompatibility across operating systems, need for some coding expertise and difficulty in upkeep. In recent years, lowcode/ nocode platforms for app development have flourished, with Forbes calling them the ‘most disruptive trend of 2021’. Notable platforms include Bubble (https:// bubble.io), Glide (https://www.glideapps. com), WordPress (https://wordpress.com) and AppSheet (https://www.appsheet. SUMMARY BOX","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"5 1","pages":"329 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91296406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitating learning exchange and building a community of practice to accelerate social innovation in health","authors":"J. Mier-Alpaño, J. R. B. Cruz, M. Fajardo, Jean Francis Barcena, Emelie Ekblad, Fiona Hazell, Anthony Rosendo Faraon, Ramir Anthony Tumolva Blanco, Sealdi Gonzales, N. Juban, M. Labarda","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000882","url":null,"abstract":"MierAlpaño JD, et al. BMJ Innov 2022;8:155–160. doi:10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000882 University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines Make a Difference Foundation, Malmo, Sweden Zuellig Family Foundation, Paranaque City, Philippines Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"96 1","pages":"155 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86606535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutionalisation of social innovation in health research: the Philippine Gelia Castillo Award","authors":"J. R. B. Cruz, J. Mier-Alpaño, Abigail Ruth Mier, Jean Francis Barcena, Arturo M. Ongkeko, Gloria Nenita Velasco, J. Montoya, M. Labarda, N. Juban","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000888","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"19 1","pages":"149 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86464733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Ehteraz digital contact tracing app versus conventional contact tracing in managing the outbreak of COVID-19 in the State of Qatar","authors":"M. Al-Kuwari, Asma Ali Al Nuaimi, S. Semaan, John Michael Gibb, J. Abdulmajeed, H. A. Al Romaihi","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000879","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Contact tracing is an integral component of the overall public health strategy for controlling the outbreak of infectious diseases such as COVID-19. In addition to the conventional contact tracing, Qatar has implemented Ehteraz, a proximity-tracing mobile phone App using global positioning system and Bluetooth technologies. In this paper, we aim to evaluate the accuracy of Ehteraz as a contact tracing App based on the WHO contact tracing criteria and compare its effectiveness to the traditional human led case investigation. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using two databases, including Ehteraz proximity data and swab collection and case investigations reports for the same period. Results 46.9% of contacts identified by the Ehteraz app did not meet WHO duration and distance criteria. Among the 5650 contacts flagged by Ehteraz during the period, 4973 (88.0%) of contacts did not share any known relation with the index case they are linked to. Conclusion The study highlighted the inaccuracy of the Ehteraz tool as its technology enables signals passing through walls, so people in different rooms could be unnecessarily flagged as having had contact. Big segments of the population (eg, Children) do not necessarily use smartphones and are not, therefore, flagged by Ehteraz digital contact tracing App. Similarly, Ehteraz rarely flags close contacts identified by human investigation as Bluetooth is usually turned off in a household or at a workplace. These findings highlight that digital contact tracing would be an efficient public health strategy when integrated to and complementing human investigation.","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"2 1","pages":"255 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91159304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Youth social innovation during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines: a quantitative and qualitative descriptive analyses from a crowdsourcing open call and online hackathon","authors":"Allan Ulitin, J. Mier-Alpaño, M. Labarda, N. Juban, Abigail Ruth Mier, J. Tucker, W. Tang, Mallika Auplish, P. Chan","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000887","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Young people have played a pivotal role as part of the COVID-19 response, including developing health messages and social innovations. Social innovation in health engages multiple stakeholders in linking social change and health improvement. The study examined the feasibility of youth ideas and innovations to address the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analyses. Methods In partnership with the WHO, academic institutions, youth organisations and civil society groups, we conducted a crowdsourcing open call among Filipino youth (15–30 years old) using a structured Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases/Social Innovation in Health Initiative process. The open call had three categories: youth voices to cocreate the post-COVID-19 world (entries were texts, images, videos and music), youth-led COVID-19 social innovations, and youth-led social innovations not related to COVID-19. Each submission was evaluated by three independent judges. Finalists were selected in each of the categories alongside four grand winners. All finalists were invited to attend a 1 day online civic hackathon. Results We received a total of 113 entries (youth voices to cocreate the post-COVID world=76; youth-led COVID-19 social innovations=17; youth-led social innovations not related to COVID-19=20). Twelve entries focused on youth mental health during the pandemic. The online hackathon provided the participants mentorship for further development of their ideas. Finalists were able to produce draft health communication campaigns and improved social innovations. Conclusion Many Filipino youth created exceptional entries in response to the open call. This suggests the feasibility of including youth voices in strategic planning processes. A global youth social innovation call is recommended.","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79981806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approaching healthcare delivery through a new lens: a crowdsourcing challenge to identify health-related social innovations to increase universal health coverage in Nigeria","authors":"O. Ekwunife, C. Onubogu, O. B. Aribodor, K. C. Anigbogu, U. Ogwaluonye, Chinyelu A Ekwunife, C. S. Okunna, O. Nwaorgu","doi":"10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000869","url":null,"abstract":"Background Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, is faced with several health challenges including neglected tropical diseases, non-communicable diseases and emerging infectious diseases. Unfortunately, the country has a weak health system to tackle these health challenges. Creative solutions for solving these systemic health challenges through social innovations are therefore needed in Nigeria. Hence, Social Innovation in Health Initiative (SIHI) Nigeria conducted a pilot crowdsourcing challenge to identify social innovation solutions in Anambra State, Nigeria. Method A crowdsourcing approach was used to identify social innovations in healthcare delivery that has been applied in Nigeria for a minimum of 1 year. The six-stage process of the crowdsourcing challenge contest included: (1) selection of challenge focus, (2) organising community steering group, (3) engaging the community to contribute, (4) receiving and evaluating contributions, (5) recognising finalists and (6) sharing solutions. The crowdsourcing challenge was hosted by SIHI Nigeria, based at the Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria. Result Seventeen innovations were received in the crowdsourcing challenge. Five of the innovations were eligible based on criteria developed and were sent to the panel of experts for review. Following the review of the average score and case study research, the panel of experts selected top three innovations, which included a digital health solution, a mobile clinic and a community-based health insurance programme. Conclusion Top three social innovations were identified in the crowdsourcing challenge. These innovations could be refined and scaled up to increase universal health coverage in Nigeria by subjecting them to further research.","PeriodicalId":53454,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Innovations","volume":"54 1","pages":"207 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86737558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}