Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Contemporary suspended sediment yield of Caucasus mountains","authors":"A. Tsyplenkov, M. Vanmaercke, V. Golosov","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-381-87-2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-381-87-2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Processes linked to climate change and intensified\u0000anthropogenic pressure influence the environment, the hydrology and by\u0000extent the denudation processes in the Caucasus mountain belt. Quantitative\u0000assessments of sediment fluxes and their temporal evolution in this mountain\u0000region are required for various environmental and engineering purposes,\u0000including the planning and maintenance of water reservoirs and other\u0000structures. In this paper, we present a first analysis of the hitherto\u0000largest suspended sediment yield (SSY) database for the Caucasus region,\u0000comprising data from 198 catchments (> 4000 catchment-years of\u0000observations). We present an overview of the existing contemporary SSY data\u0000from gauging stations observations. Based on these data and different\u0000models, we propose preliminary maps of the spatial patterns of SSY and\u0000denudation rates in the Caucasus region.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80650933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial results of sediment yield measurement interpretation using a regional approach: Southern Italy case study","authors":"P. Porto, G. Callegari","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-381-49-2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-381-49-2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The theoretical TCEV (Two Component Extreme Value) distribution was applied to interpret the sediment yield datasets available in Southern Italy. The analysis is based on hydrological data collected for twelve catchments located in Calabria and Basilicata. A hierarchical approach was used to obtain a regional parent distribution which was used to determine the return time for each event. The hierarchical approach proposed in this study includes two stages. The first stage served for calibration and made it possible to estimate the parameters of the theoretical TCEV distribution. More specifically, the hypothesis of homogeneity with regard to the skewness coefficient and the coefficient of variation was verified using the datasets related to nine catchments. The second stage consisted in verifying the goodness of the theoretical distribution on three independent datasets provided by three experimental catchments not involved in the calibration. Overall results show that, even if the TCEV distribution was conceived to estimate peak flow, its concept of “double component” can be extended to predict sediment yield on a regional scale.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81312924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary gully erosion trend in the northern part of the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Plain: a case study from the Republic of Tatarstan, European Russia","authors":"A. Sharifullin, A. Gafurov, R. Medvedeva, V. Golosov, Aleksandr Dvinskih, A. Gusarov, B. Essuman-Quainoo","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-381-21-2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-381-21-2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This article presents results for gully head cut retreat rates\u0000(GHRR) in the Pre-Kama region (Republic of Tatarstan, Russia) based on\u0000monitoring (1984–1994 and 2015–2018) and the interpretation of\u0000high-resolution satellite images (2004–2014). The results suggested that the\u0000mean linear GHRR have reduced by about five times, from 1.6 m per year\u0000(1983–1994) to 0.4 m per year (2015–2018). The main reason for the\u0000significant decrease in gully erosion was the increase in winter-spring air\u0000temperatures, which resulted in a reduction in the depth of soil freezing\u0000and surface runoff. The impact of land use, as well as erosion control\u0000measures, which were implemented in the study area during the late 1980s and\u0000early 1990s, was found to be less important.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74749936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring environmental supporting conditions of a raised bog using remote sensing techniques","authors":"Saheba Bhatnagar, Bidisha Ghosh, S. Regan, O. Naughton, P. Johnston, L. Gill","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-380-9-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-380-9-2018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Conventional methods of monitoring wetlands and detecting changes over time can be time-consuming and costly. Inaccessibility and remoteness of many wetlands is also a limiting factor. Hence, there is a growing recognition of remote sensing techniques as a viable and cost-effective alternative to field-based ecosystem monitoring. Wetlands encompass a diverse array of habitats, for example, fens, bogs, marshes, and swamps. In this study, we concentrate on a natural wetland – Clara Bog, Co. Offaly, a raised bog situated in the Irish midlands. The aim of the study is to identify and monitor the environmental conditions of the bog using remote sensing techniques. Environmental conditions in this study refer to the vegetation composition of the bog and whether it is in an intact (peat-forming) or degraded state. It can be described using vegetation, the presence of water (soil moisture) and topography. Vegetation indices (VIs) derived from satellite data have been widely used to assess variations in properties of vegetation. This study uses mid-resolution data from Sentinel-2 MSI, Landsat 8 OLI for VI analysis. An initial study to delineate the boundary of the bog using the combination of edge detection and segmentation techniques namely, entropy filtering, canny edge detection, and graph-cut segmentation is performed. Once the bog boundary is defined, spectra of the delineated area are studied. VIs like NDVI, ARVI, SAVI, NDWI, derived using Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat 8 OLI are analysed. A digital elevation model (DEM) was also used for better classification. All of these characteristics (features) serve as a basis for classifying the bog into broad vegetation communities (termed ecotopes) that indicate the quality of raised bog habitat. This analysis is validated using field derived ecotopes. The results show that, by using spectral information and vegetation index clustering, an additional linkage can be established between spectral RS signatures and wetland ecotopes. Hence, the benefit of the study is in understanding ecosystem (bog) environmental conditions and in defining appropriate metrics by which changes in the conditions can be monitored.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87279774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Sentinel 2 – MSI for water quality monitoring at Alqueva reservoir, Portugal","authors":"M. Potes, G. Rodrigues, A. Penha, M. Novais, M. J. Costa, R. Salgado, M. Morais","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-380-73-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-380-73-2018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Alqueva reservoir located in southeast of Portugal has a surface area of\u0000250 km2 and total capacity of 4150 hm3. Since 2006 the water\u0000quality of this reservoir is explored by the authors using remote sensing\u0000techniques. First using MERIS multi-spectral radiometer on-board of ENVISAT-1\u0000and presently with MSI multi-spectral radiometer on-board SENTINEL-2. The\u0000existence of two satellites (A and B) equipped with MSI enable the area to be\u0000revisited, under the same viewing conditions, every 2–3 days. Since 2017 the\u0000multidisciplinary project ALOP (ALentejo Observation and Prediction systems)\u0000expands the team knowledge about the physical and bio-chemical properties of\u0000the reservoir. This project includes an integrated field campaign at\u0000different experimental sites in the reservoir and its shores, at least until\u0000September 2018. Previous algorithms developed by the team for MERIS are\u0000tested with the new MSI instrument for water turbidity, chlorophyll a\u0000concentration and density of cyanobacteria. Results from micro-algae bloom\u0000occurred in late summer/early autumn 2017 on the reservoir are presented,\u0000showing the capabilities of MSI sensor for detection and high resolution\u0000mapping over the reservoir. The results are compared with in situ sampling\u0000and laboratorial analysis of chlorophyll a associated with the bloom.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84153390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote sensing-based soil water balance for irrigation water accounting at the Spanish Iberian Peninsula","authors":"Jesús Garrido-Rubio, A. Calera Belmonte, Lorena Fraile Enguita, Irene Arellano Alcázar, Mario Belmonte Mancebo, Isidro Campos Rodríguez, Raquel Bravo Rubio","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-380-29-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-380-29-2018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Temporal series maps of irrigated areas, and the\u0000corresponding irrigation water requirements based on remote sensing, is a\u0000recognized tool contributing to water governance at different scales, from\u0000water user associations to whole river basin districts. These thematic\u0000cartographies offer a first estimation of the crop irrigation requirements,\u0000and a biophysical based approach of the temporal and spatial distribution of\u0000the crop water use in the cultivated areas. This work describes the\u0000operational application of these methodologies, providing valuable\u0000information for water governance and management purposes. The basic products\u0000obtained in the whole Spanish part of the Iberian Peninsula during the\u0000period 2014–2017 were: (i) annual maps of irrigated crops based on time\u0000series of multispectral satellite imagery; and (ii) the direct remote\u0000sensing-based water accounting, by quantifying agricultural water flows\u0000(e.g. rainfall, irrigation, evapotranspiration, drainage and recharge),\u0000through a remote sensing-based soil water balance. Hence this paper provides\u0000a remote sensing based water accounting approach, which relies on dense time\u0000series of multispectral imagery acquired by the multisensor constellation\u0000arranged by Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 satellites, jointly with meteorological\u0000data and agronomic knowledge. Then, based on these purpose and approach,\u0000annual and monthly maps of net irrigation water requirements have been\u0000elaborated at the most practical spatial and temporal scales for water\u0000governance purposes over big areas such river basin districts. This work\u0000summarizes the methodologies used and discuss the technical and\u0000non-technical feasibility of the proposed approach.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73727844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evapotranspiration and evaporation/transpiration partitioning with dual source energy balance models in agricultural lands","authors":"G. Boulet, E. Delogu, S. Saadi, W. Chebbi, A. Olioso, B. Mougenot, P. Fanise, Z. Lili-Chabaane, J. Lagouarde","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-380-17-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-380-17-2018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. EvapoTranspiration (ET) is an important component of the water cycle,\u0000especially in semi-arid lands. Its quantification is crucial for a\u0000sustainable management of scarce water resources. A way to quantify ET is to\u0000exploit the available surface temperature data from remote sensing as a\u0000signature of the surface energy balance, including the latent heat flux.\u0000Remotely sensed energy balance models enable to estimate stress levels and,\u0000in turn, the water status of most continental surfaces. The evaporation and\u0000transpiration components of ET are also just as important in agricultural\u0000water management and ecosystem health monitoring. Single temperatures can be\u0000used with dual source energy balance models but rely on specific assumptions\u0000on raw levels of plant water stress to get both components out of a single\u0000source of information. Additional information from remote sensing data are\u0000thus required, either something specifically related to evaporation (such as\u0000surface water content) or transpiration (such as PRI or fluorescence). This\u0000works evaluates the SPARSE dual source energy balance model ability to\u0000compute not only total ET, but also water stress and\u0000transpiration/evaporation components. First, the theoretical limits of the ET\u0000component retrieval are assessed through a simulation experiment using both\u0000retrieval and prescribed modes of SPARSE with the sole surface temperature. A\u0000similar work is performed with an additional constraint, the topsoil surface\u0000soil moisture level, showing the significant improvement on the retrieval.\u0000Then, a flux dataset acquired over rainfed wheat is used to check the\u0000robustness of both stress levels and ET retrievals. In particular, retrieval\u0000of the evaporation and transpiration components is assessed in both\u0000conditions (forcing by the sole temperature or the combination of temperature\u0000and soil moisture). In our example, there is no significant difference in the\u0000performance of the total ET retrieval, since the evaporation rate retrieved\u0000from the sole surface temperature is already fairly close to the one we can\u0000reconstruct from observed surface soil moisture time series, but current work\u0000is underway to test it over other plots.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87420622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the water stress on gross primary production modeling of a Mediterranean oak savanna ecosystem","authors":"P. Gómez-Giráldez, E. Carpintero, M. Ramos, C. Aguilar, M. P. González-Dugo","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-380-37-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-380-37-2018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Dehesa ecosystem consists of widely-spaced oak trees combined with\u0000crops, pasture and Mediterranean shrubs. It is located in the southwest of\u0000the Iberian Peninsula, where water scarcity is recurrent, severely affecting\u0000the multiple productions and services of the ecosystem. Upscaling in situ\u0000Gross Primary Production (GPP) estimates in these areas is challenging for\u0000regional and global studies, given the significant spatial variability of\u0000plant functional types and the vegetation stresses usually present. The\u0000estimation of GPP is often addressed using light use efficiency models\u0000(LUE-models). Under soil water deficit conditions, biomass production is\u0000reduced below its potential rate. This work investigates the effect of\u0000different parameterizations to account for water stress on GPP estimates and\u0000their agreement with observations. Ground measurements of GPP are obtained\u0000using an Eddy Covariance (EC) system installed over an experimental site\u0000located in Córdoba, Spain. GPP is estimated with a LUE-model in the\u0000footprint of the EC tower using several approaches: a fixed value taken from\u0000previous literature; a fixed value modified by daily weather conditions; and\u0000both formulations modified by an additional coefficient to explicitly\u0000consider the vegetation water stress. The preliminary results obtained during\u0000two hydrological years (2015/2016 and 2016/2017) are compared, focusing on\u0000specific wet and dry periods.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88774074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of SMADI and SWDI agricultural drought indices using remotely sensed root zone soil moisture","authors":"M. Pablos, Á. González-Zamora, N. Sánchez, J. Martínez-Fernández","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-380-55-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-380-55-2018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The increasing frequency of drought events has expanded\u0000the research interest in drought monitoring. In this regard, remote sensing\u0000is a useful tool to globally mapping the agricultural drought. While this\u0000type of drought is directly linked to the availability of root zone soil\u0000moisture (RZSM) for plants growth, current satellite soil moisture\u0000observations only characterize the water content of the surface soil layer\u0000(0–5 cm). In this study, two soil moisture-based agricultural drought\u0000indices were obtained at a weekly rate from June 2010 to December 2016,\u0000using RZSM estimations at 1 km from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity\u0000(SMOS) satellite, instead of surface soil moisture (SSM). The RZSM was\u0000estimated by applying the Soil Water Index (SWI) model to the SMOS SSM. The\u0000Soil Moisture Agricultural Drought Index (SMADI) and the Soil Water Deficit\u0000Index (SWDI) were assessed over the Castilla y León region (Spain) at 1 km spatial resolution. They were compared with the Atmospheric Water Deficit\u0000(AWD) and the Crop Moisture Index (CMI), both computed at different weather\u0000stations distributed over the study area. The level of agreement was\u0000analyzed through statistical correlation. Results showed that the use of\u0000RZSM does not influence the characterization of drought, both for SMADI and\u0000SWDI.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72635968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image acquisition effects on Unmanned Air Vehicle snow depth retrievals","authors":"A. Tekeli, Senayi Dönmez","doi":"10.5194/PIAHS-380-81-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/PIAHS-380-81-2018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Advancements in technology have facilitated new opportunities in aerial\u0000photogrammetry; one of these is the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to\u0000estimate snow depth (SD). Here, a multi-rotor type UAV is used for SD\u0000retrievals over an area of 172 000 m2. Photos with 80 % forward\u0000and 60 % side overlaps were taken by UAV on two different (snow-covered\u0000and snow-free) days. SD estimations were obtained from the difference between\u00003-D stereo digital surface models (DSMs) produced for both days. Manual SD\u0000measurements were performed on the ground concurrent with UAV flights. The\u0000current study is unique in that the SD retrievals were derived using two\u0000different image acquisition modes. In the first, images were taken as UAV was\u0000continuously flying and in the second UAV had small stops and kept its\u0000position in air fixed as the photos were taken. Root mean square error of UAV\u0000derived SDs is calculated as 2.43 cm in continuous and 1.79 cm in fixed\u0000acquisitions. The results support the hypothesis, based on theoretical\u0000considerations, that fixed-position image acquisitions using multi-rotor\u0000platforms should enable more accurate SD estimates. It is further seen that,\u0000as SDs increased, the errors in SD calculations are reduced.\u0000","PeriodicalId":53381,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83073784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}