Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law最新文献_第2页

Anthropometric study of facial and nasal indices of the Akan ethnic population of Ghana 加纳阿坎族人口面部和鼻腔指数的人体测量学研究

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7924

N. Appiah, A. Appiah, J. Tetteh, T. Diby, C. Abaidoo

{"title":"Anthropometric study of facial and nasal indices of the Akan ethnic population of Ghana","authors":"N. Appiah, A. Appiah, J. Tetteh, T. Diby, C. Abaidoo","doi":"10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7924","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Facial anthropometry is required in many medical and dental disciplines, particularly for prosthodontists, orthodontists, plastic surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, and forensic medicine experts. An individual's facial shape is a reflection of their race, age, and gender. The present study aimed at determining the facial and nasal indices among the Akan ethnic group in Kumasi, Ghana.Methodology: A total of 307 (182 males and 125 females) Akan adult volunteers between the age of 18 - 30 years were recruited for the study. Standard procedures were used to obtain the necessary facial and nasal measurements for generating the appropriate indices. A p-value of 0.05 or less was judged statistically significant.Results: In males, the facial index ranged from 75.28 to 117.90, while in females it ranged from 76.58 to 97.87. The nasal index ranged from 52.0 to 115.3 in males and 52.0 to 105.7 in females. There were significant differences between males and females in all facial parameters utilized to calculate facial and nasal indices. The facial index, but not the nasal index, differed significantly between Akan males and females. Mesoprosopic was the most prevalent face type in both male and female Akan populations, whereas mesorrhine was the most common nose type.Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used as a reference to improve the outcome of cosmetic and reconstructive facial surgery and rhinoplasty, as well as for medico-legal purposes in the Akan people of Ghana.","PeriodicalId":53258,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78574484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ChatGPT: To cite or not to cite? 引用还是不引用?

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7942

K. Ekanayake

引用次数: 0

Forensic approach towards criminal use of mercury in domestic violence 对在家庭暴力中犯罪使用汞的法医方法

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7909

S. Sinha, K. Rao, A. Rawat

{"title":"Forensic approach towards criminal use of mercury in domestic violence","authors":"S. Sinha, K. Rao, A. Rawat","doi":"10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7909","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of criminal cases against women is not first-hand with statistical data from the National Crime Records Bureau in India proclaiming an even rise in cases of domestic violence. Despite numerous laws to protect women against various crimes including rape, sexual harassment, dowry death, etc., there is less respite from violence toward women in India. Indian society needs to stand up and address the existence of many socio-cultural reasons for crime against women apart from literacy to lower these crime statistics. Forensic experts play a pivotal role in the scientific examination of evidence to support the criminal justice system which in the end affects the lives of millions of female victims. A case of attempted domestic homicide is presented wherein a 21-year-old married female was poisoned with some unknown substance laced in her milk by her in-laws. This case is of interest to the scientific community as well as to persons working within the medical and judiciary fraternity.Case history: A married woman aged 21 years alleged her in-laws including her husband of attempt to murder her by giving her milk laced with some unknown substance. She had severe vomiting after drinking milk where she noticed some shining materials in the vomitus. The vomitus and the gastric lavage were analyzed subsequently.Methodology: Physical and Chemical Examinations including visual analysis and solubility, odour, etc were initially conducted on the exhibits (Gastric Lavage and Vomitus samples) and results were further confirmed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.Results: An abnormally high level of mercury i.e. 9.88 ppm and 332.15 ppm were detected in Gastric lavage and vomitus respectively.Conclusion: The various scientific investigations determined that the female had been poisoned by using mercury justifying the essential role of forensics in linking shreds of evidence scientifically.","PeriodicalId":53258,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86984221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Circumstances of fatal road traffic accidents among adolescents in a metro city of India 印度某大城市青少年致命道路交通事故的情况

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7932

I. Das, K. Bag, N. Bag, D. Manna, S. Chatterjee

{"title":"Circumstances of fatal road traffic accidents among adolescents in a metro city of India","authors":"I. Das, K. Bag, N. Bag, D. Manna, S. Chatterjee","doi":"10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7932","url":null,"abstract":"Road Traffic Accident (RTA) is an important public health problem globally in all age groups, particularly among adolescents. RTA is one of the leading causes of death in India. The long-term impact of RTA among adolescents is serious in society in terms of economy, disease burden, and future productivity.This study attempts to find out the circumstances of fatal road traffic accidents among adolescents in a metro city in India.This is an observational descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted at an autopsy center in Kolkata, India for a period of one year. Data were obtained from reports of post-mortem examinations and police inquests of fatal road traffic accidents in adolescents, reported to the institute. The data was compiled in Microsoft Excel and analysed by using a simple table.The total number of RTA deaths among adolescents during the study period was 45, with 91% of them male and 9% female. The most common offending vehicle in RTA deaths was a motorized two-wheeler (71%). 91% of the deceased were riders while 9% were pillion riders. 59% of them were below the age (18 years) of obtaining a valid driving license. The majority had collided with stationary objects during the RTA and died due to head injury (52%).","PeriodicalId":53258,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law","volume":"61 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72484569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Foetal patients, surgeons, and medical negligence: An insight for a new legislation 胎儿病人、外科医生和医疗疏忽:一项新立法的见解

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7933

A. P. Rathnayake

{"title":"Foetal patients, surgeons, and medical negligence: An insight for a new legislation","authors":"A. P. Rathnayake","doi":"10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7933","url":null,"abstract":"Foetal interventions are the direct result of developments in the field of medicine. The scientific advancements opened the way for pregnant women to select the treatment of the foetus ‘in utero’. This is an option available when the pregnant woman is reluctant to terminate the pregnancy on the grounds of congenital abnormalities of the foetus. Further, treatment of the foetus is considered a psychological relief to pregnant women who otherwise had to wait until the birth of the child to remedy the defects. The predominant method of treatment of the foetus is ‘foetal surgery’ which facilitates the treatment of the foetus in the womb. This demarcates the treatment of the fatal conditions of the foetus through invasive procedures or open surgery. The problem that arises in this context is whether the foetal surgeons exercise a medical duty of care towards the foetus. The problem is aggravated when the viable foetuses become patients as such patients have the potential to survive outside the womb (ex-utero) irrespective of the destruction of the life of the mother. Medical negligence and a course of action for medical malpractice litigation are established only upon the proof of the existence of a medical duty of care and the breach of it. This paper aims to provide insight into legislation on the medical negligence of surgeons performing surgeries on foetuses. The methodology adopted in the paper is qualitative in nature and a comparative legal analysis with the jurisdiction of the United States of America (USA). The paper's conclusion holds that foetal surgeons legally undertake to act for the benefit of foetal patients and have an obligation to avoid negligence.","PeriodicalId":53258,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88470265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A prospective study on the sexual victimization of adolescent females by romantic partners and the relationship to the age gap between the partners 青少年女性伴侣性侵害行为及其与伴侣年龄差距的关系研究

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7929

R. Gunasekara, A. Vadysinghe, M. Sivasubramanium, A. Attanayake

{"title":"A prospective study on the sexual victimization of adolescent females by romantic partners and the relationship to the age gap between the partners","authors":"R. Gunasekara, A. Vadysinghe, M. Sivasubramanium, A. Attanayake","doi":"10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljfmsl.v14i1.7929","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: According to statistics, 70% of reported rape cases had happened with the willingness of the female partner, where the law enforcement authorities have charged as the victim is below 16 years. This study evaluated the sexual victimization of such females by their partners in relation to the age gap between the couple.Methodology: This is a descriptive study of 63 female victims of sexual assault aged 12 to 16 years, presented to the National Hospital Kandy during a one-year period. The sample was divided into three groups according to the age gap between the victim and perpetrator (P1; 0 to 5.9 years, P2; 6 to 11.9 years and P3; 12 to 18 years)Results: The age gap of the couples ranged from 1.8 to 17.7 years, with a mean of 9.5 years and 49% belonging to P2. The percentage of couples engaging in sexual relations with penile penetration was higher with an increasing age gap. In P1, 71% had willingly engaged in sexual activity, while it was only 45% and 44% in P2 and P3 respectively. Furthermore, in P3, 30% of the victims had allowed the alleged sexual act following intimidation, but it was not observed in P1. This study revealed that within a month of courtship sexual activity had occurred in 55% of cases in P3 while it was 32% in P2 and, only 21% in P1. In P3, 11% had engaged in sexual activity on the first encounter, whereas it was not observed in P1 and P2.Conclusion: With the increasing age gap, the vulnerability to sexual victimization of female adolescents by partners is more prevalent. Therefore, considering the age gap between partners may be more justifiable than adhering to a fixed age of consent to prosecute and punish in cases of sexual assault of adolescent females. Hence, it is evident that the application of the “Romeo and Juliet exemption” to the Sri Lankan setup is timely and justifiable.","PeriodicalId":53258,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86814895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Excellence in HPB Surgery: A Journey Towards Fulfillment 卓越的HPB手术:实现之旅

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.4038/sljm.v31i2.403

A. Dharmapala

引用次数: 0

Psychological Morbidity in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Children and Adolescents in Sri Lanka: A Case Series 2019冠状病毒病大流行背景下斯里兰卡儿童和青少年的心理发病率:病例系列

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.4038/sljm.v31i2.337

P. K. D. H. J. L. De Silva Rajaratne, D. Dahanayake

引用次数: 0

Clinical Audit on Record Keeping Standards at a Specialized Out-patient Child Psychiatry Service in Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡一家专门门诊儿童精神病学服务机构记录保存标准的临床审计

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.4038/sljm.v31i2.338

P. K. D. H. J. L. De Silva Rajaratne, R. M. Wijesiriwardane, B. D. J. V. Peiris, D. Dahanayake

引用次数: 0

Gender Dysphoria and Morbid Sexual Jealousy in an Adolescent 青少年性别焦虑与病态性嫉妒

Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine Science Law Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.4038/sljm.v31i2.342

L. Rathnayake, C. Kuruppuarachchi, M. Abeyrathne, P. K. D. H. J. L. De Silva Rajaratne, M. Chandradasa, K. Kuruppuarachchi

引用次数: 0