Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Tax Digitalization Efforts by Federal Inland Revenue Service and their Impacts on Tax Collection 2002-2021","authors":"S. Mohammed, Abdulsalam Mas'ud, Yusuf Ibrahim Karaye, M. M. Sallau, A. Adam, Bashir Ali Sulaiman","doi":"10.47747/jat.v3i2.1138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47747/jat.v3i2.1138","url":null,"abstract":"The federating states and capital of federal republic of Nigeria are too dependent on federally collected revenues largely from oil and gas. However, taxation is indisputably the most viable and sustainable means of raising revenue for public expenditures. Therefore, the federal government can enhance its bases of taxation to generate more tax revenue for the federating units to share especially with known shocks in oil and gas revenue. Conversely, increasing number of individuals and corporate bodies that pay taxes to the federal government are making tax administration more difficult. To overcome this, the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) has embarked on processes of digitizing tax administration at the federal level. Consequently, the aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the tax digitalization processes by FIRS by one, describing the digitalizations and two, by undertaking trend analyses of total tax revenue collections 2002-2021. To achieve these, secondary data is collected from the literature and publications of the FIRS while public policy analytical framework underpins the study. Results from the study revealed that there are consistencies in efforts by the FIRS to digitalize tax administration in Nigeria even though implemented in short time intervals. Similarly, on the overall, there are increasing but fluctuating trends of tax revenue collection by FIRS 2002-2021 implying the positive impacts of the current digitalization efforts.        ","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87726389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tax Structure Implications on Exchange Rate and Infrastructural Development in Nigeria","authors":"Ambaiowei Tari Ebiowei, A. Umobong","doi":"10.47747/jat.v3i2.1092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47747/jat.v3i2.1092","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the relationship between tax structure and exchange rate, and capital expenditure using secondary data obtained from Central bank of Nigeria and Federal inland revenue annual bulletin for the period 1994 to 2022 using multiple regression and auto regressive distributive lag. Tax structure was divided into direct and indirect tax consisting of PPT, CIT and VAT while the dependent variable was proxied by exchange rate and capital expenditure. Unit root test for stationarity was conducted using Augmented Dickey Fuller and Kwiatkowski Phillips Schmidt Findings show that in the short run the coefficients of the tax structure variables passed the significance test at the 5 percent level indicating that tax revenues critically influence short run changes in capital expenditure. The coefficients of current PPT, current CIT and complete VAT are all positive, which show that all forms of taxes promote capital spending by government in Nigeria in the short run. Thus, increasing tax revenues will immediately deliver positive impacts on the budgetary provisions for capital spending in Nigeria. The study also found that capital expenditure improves exchange rate, the positive impact of tax revenues on short run capital expenditure confirms that taxes have significant indirect impact on short run macroeconomic performance in Nigeria. The long run results also report interesting outcomes The coefficients of the two direct tax components are significant at the 5 percent level, while that of VAT failed the test at the 5 percent level. This result shows that while PPT and CIT significantly influence capital expenditures in Nigeria, VAT has no significant impact. It also suggests that VAT does not exert indirect long run effects on macroeconomic performance through the capital expenditure channel. The coefficient of CIT is however negative, indicating that increasing CIT tends to reduce capital expenditures in Nigeria. On the other hand, the coefficient of PPT is positive which indicates that only PPT tends to directly improve capital expenditure or indirect improve long run macroeconomic performance through the channel of capital expenditure in Nigeria. The coefficient of public debt  failed the significance test in the long run estimates, while the coefficient of exchange rate is significant at the 5 percent level and also possesses a negative sign. This implies that in the long run, exchange rate depreciation tends to limit capital expenditures in Nigeria. In particular every one percent rise in CIT was found to be consistent with a 0.877 percent rise in VAT, while a percent rise in PPT is accompanied by an increase in CIT by 0.93 percentage point. The relationship was found to be strong in Nigeria and also suggests that tax revenue in Nigeria is linked. the study found that only direct taxes led to improvement in exchange rate in the long run. This implies that direct taxes may be more effective in maintaining macroeconomic stability in Nigeri","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77953611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Signaling, auditing fees, and earnings surprise before and after split-share structure reform in China","authors":"Hu Shaorou, Liu Chenyu, Liu Ming","doi":"10.5897/jat2023.0563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jat2023.0563","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89416578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of computer literacy levels on tax compliance among Harare central business district small and medium enterprises","authors":"Walter Nhundu, Wilson Matamande","doi":"10.5897/jat2023.0564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jat2023.0564","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75927525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of business tax compliance: A case study of Togo","authors":"Eli Soglo Koku, Amedanou Isaac","doi":"10.5897/jat2023.0559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jat2023.0559","url":null,"abstract":"The results of a survey conducted by the Office of Togolese Revenue (OTR) in 2019, which covered 413 formal firms, show that several factors are key determinants of businesses' willingness to pay taxes. These include appreciation of tax fraud, amendment of tax laws, tax knowledge, tax beneficiaries, bribes, severity of penalties, legitimacy of customs duties, appreciation of tax amount, tax burden, legitimacy of Value Added Tax (VAT) and geographical location (Maritime, Plateaux, Centrale, Kara and Savane) of the firms. Using a probit model, the results show that all these factors are key determinants of voluntary tax compliance, except for the tax laws amendment, tax amount appreciation and the tax burden. When isolating the Maritime region, the result remains unchanged except for the fact that the appreciation of tax fraud has no significant impact on voluntary compliance in that region. Finally, the determinants vary once businesses are differentiated by size (Small, Medium and Large) nationally or regionally.","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80797873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accounting classification in the era of International Financial Reporting Standards: The case of Africa","authors":"Charles Elad ,&nbsp;Neeta Shah ,&nbsp;Charles Agyeman","doi":"10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents the first empirical test of a hypothetical classification of financial reporting in Africa based on de facto or actual practices as opposed to de jure rules. Three multivariate techniques (principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and multidimensional scaling) were used to analyze the accounting policies of large, listed companies in Africa that are required by law to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). It was found that there is a dichotomy between the IFRS policy choices of companies in Francophone and Lusophone countries, on the one hand, and those in common law jurisdictions, on the other, thus, confirming the two-group classification schemes proposed by Elad (2015) and Nobes (1983). These findings have important policy implications, particularly in the context of recent recommendations of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund that large entities in Africa adopt IFRS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45074557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Codetermination and aggressive reporting: Audit committee employee representation, tax aggressiveness, and earnings management","authors":"James A. Chyz ,&nbsp;Marc Eulerich ,&nbsp;Benjamin Fligge ,&nbsp;Miles A. Romney","doi":"10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study uses a unique dataset from listed German companies that helps identify a granular measure of board-level codetermination to examine whether board-level codetermination (inclusion of employee representatives on the board) reduces aggressive financial and tax reporting, i.e., tax aggressiveness and earnings management. To the extent codetermination allows for effective employee monitoring of management, then it should be negatively associated with tax and financial reporting aggressiveness because prior research hypothesizes that employees prefer lower tax aggressiveness and less earnings management. Our analysis also highlights the mechanisms through which employees can monitor and influence firms’ decisions and outcomes. We find employee representation on audit committees is the most consistently influential codetermination mechanism associated with reduced tax aggressiveness and earnings management. We contribute to prior and current discussions of stronger employee rights and influences on management decisions from a board-level perspective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accounting for transition: A literature review","authors":"Olga Golubeva","doi":"10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this paper is to provide a literature review analysing the effects arising from the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in former Soviet Union countries (FSUC). The benefits and challenges identified through international accounting studies are applied as a conceptual framework to analyse the existing literature on the effects of IFRS adoption in transition economies. The article adopts a mixed-method approach that explores content by performing a qualitative analysis with quantification using NVivo software. By integrating findings and perspectives from 46 academic papers published in the English language literature from 2005 to 2020, the study highlights key achievements and limitations in FSUC, making findings readily available for scholars, policymakers and practitioners. Although adoption of IFRS is shown in the article to have a non-significant impact on practices in FSUC, the study’s conclusions contribute to the international debate on the relevance of IFRS to the national needs of different countries, particularly for those transition economies with a strong codified legal tradition rooted in the previous administrative system associated with Soviet accounting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48039808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International culture and audit deficiencies: Evidence from inspection reports of non-US companies listed in the US","authors":"Robin L Knowles,&nbsp;Angel Arturo Pacheco Paredes","doi":"10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate an important corporate governance mechanism that provides a monitoring function to facilitate the growth and development of international capital markets. Specifically, we investigate the relationship between Hofstede’s cultural values and the audit deficiencies of non-US companies listed on US equity markets, as measured by the number of audit deficiencies found by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) from 2005 to 2017. We find evidence supporting a conclusion that audit deficiencies are lower in countries with lower <em>Uncertainty Avoidance</em> scores, higher <em>Individualism</em> scores, and lower <em>Power Distance</em> scores. We conclude that countries with cultures more accepting of ambiguity and uncertainty, having more flexible business practices, and being more tolerant of individual contributions are associated with higher quality audits, as measured by fewer audit deficiencies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41395645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroeconomic instability, institutions, and earnings management: An analysis in developed and emerging market countries","authors":"Dante Baiardo C. Viana, Jr. ,&nbsp;Isabel Lourenço ,&nbsp;Ervin L. Black ,&nbsp;Orleans Silva Martins","doi":"10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2023.100544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We analyze the effect of macroeconomic instability on earnings management and the moderating role of country-level institutions, examining how these phenomena differ in developed and emerging market countries. Focusing our analysis on macroeconomic instability instead of specific periods of financial crisis, we provide a more comprehensive view of the macroeconomic environment’s role as a key determinant of accounting quality. The empirical study relies on a worldwide sample from 34 countries throughout the period 1998–2018. Using several variables related to the macroeconomic environment, we construct a comprehensive macroeconomic instability index for each country that allows for changes over the years. Our findings suggest that when facing greater macroeconomic instability, firms from developed (emerging market) countries decrease (increase) the level of accruals-based earnings management, and firms from both types of countries decrease the level of real earnings management. We also find that in both developed and emerging market countries, the association between macroeconomic instability and accruals-based earnings management is lower in countries with stronger institutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Accounting Auditing and Taxation","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46427489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}