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Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)最新文献

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Philosophical, anthropological and axiological aspects of Constantine’s definition of philosophy 君士坦丁哲学定义的哲学，人类学和价值论方面
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2021-0002
Ján Zozuľak
{"title":"Philosophical, anthropological and axiological aspects of Constantine’s definition of philosophy","authors":"Ján Zozuľak","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper focuses on the philosophical-ethical foundations of Constantine’s definition of philosophy, as well as its anthropological and axiological aspects. The focus is placed on the relationship between definitions of philosophy postulated by Constantine the Philosopher and John of Damascus, the latter of which traces the six classical definitions systematized by Platonic commentators. Byzantine thinkers proposed a method of unifying both the theoretical and practical aspects of ancient philosophy with a Christian way of life by interpreting the classical definitions of philosophy and dividing it into theoretical and practical parts, the latter including ethics. Constantine understood philosophy in the sense of the second (knowledge of things Divine and human) and the fourth (becoming like God) meanings of earlier definitions, with the addition of the Christian sense of acting in accordance with the image of God. In addition to these gnosiological and anthropological aspects, the paper also observes the axiological aspect of Constantine’s definition of philosophy, which appears to be a foundation for exploring human behaviour as in compliance with Christian laws encouraging changes in ethical principles so as to follow a new code of ethics, through which new values were presented to the Slavs.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"24 8 1","pages":"14 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74579606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Leibniz’s and Herder’s philosophy of optimism 莱布尼茨和赫尔德的乐观主义哲学
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2021-0006
V. Gluchman
{"title":"Leibniz’s and Herder’s philosophy of optimism","authors":"V. Gluchman","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The author studies Leibniz’s views of vindicating God for the existence of evil in the world, as well as the idea of the best of all possible worlds, including the past and present criticism. Following Leibniz, he opted for the presentation of Herder’s philosophy of history as one of the most significant forms of philosophical optimism that influenced the first half of the 19th century, including contemporary debates on and critiques of the topic. He defines Herder’s concept as the philosophy of historical progress, which also significantly influenced Slovak philosophy of the given period. The main goal of the article is to present Leibniz’s and Herder’s views as a starting point for the Slovak philosophy of optimism and historical progress of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th century.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"9 1","pages":"37 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85778040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Virtual reality and imagination - a possible ethical framework based on the thought of Gregory of Nazianzus 虚拟现实与想象——一种基于格列高利思想的伦理框架
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2020-0017
V. Ježek
{"title":"Virtual reality and imagination - a possible ethical framework based on the thought of Gregory of Nazianzus","authors":"V. Ježek","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2020-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2020-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present article discusses the thoughts of Gregory of Nazianzus in relation to virtual reality especially man-made virtual reality in all its forms. We argue that the benefits of virtual reality, such as freedom, imagination, creativity can be paradoxically curtailed by virtual reality itself, since it is highly subjective and as its medium shows, can be an a priori matrix and prison for the human being. Gregory of Nazianzus, building his theology on a firm basis on substance and contemplation, offers a way out, where one acknowledges everything around us as beneficial and beautiful and therefore free, but this must be based on a firm grounding of truthfulness and guidance offered by an all-encompassing form of Divine love and creativity.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"7 1","pages":"116 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88408981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ethics of responsibility in Ján Palárik’s civic liberalism Ján Palárik公民自由主义中的责任伦理
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2020-0014
M. Martinkovič
{"title":"Ethics of responsibility in Ján Palárik’s civic liberalism","authors":"M. Martinkovič","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2020-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2020-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The development of the individual attributes of ethics of responsibility in conjunction with the principles of civic liberalism in Slovak political thought is associated with the thinking of Ján Palárik. His political ideas published in the second half of the 19th century come out of an effort to characterize and achieve reform of the Habsburg monarchy on the basis of constitutionalism and federalism. These attributes, in Palárik’s opinion, were to bring more effective solutions to the issue of educating people in their mother tongue and the creation of civic culture. A part of Palárik’s approach to the formation of civic skills is also the advocating of free expression, the idea of pluralism and gradualism within the idea of the unity of the different. His realistic approach to politics was framed by knowing and respecting the objective limits when implementing the aims of national civic freedom. Palárik linked the development of the state and the process of acculturation of the people with application of the principles of practical reasonableness and ethics of responsibility. He found its essence in understanding the interconnectedness of political goals and ideals, which were to be reflected in close association with the real limitations of the capabilities of individuals and social circumstances.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"9 1 1","pages":"133 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89579200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Axiological justification of the objective norm by Heinrich Rickert 里克尔特客观规范的价值论论证
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2020-0015
A. Bobko
{"title":"Axiological justification of the objective norm by Heinrich Rickert","authors":"A. Bobko","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2020-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2020-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this paper is to show the main thesis concerning the theory of cognition of the eminent neo-Kantian Heinrich Rickert, as presented in his work “Der Gegenstand der Erkenntnis”. On the one hand, Rickert finds out that thinking is fated to “clash with nothingness”, thus creating a temptation to reject all rigours and to yield to complete discretion. On the other hand, he attributes axiological status to nothingness which subjects thinking to a particular kind of “ought”. In his view, the cognizing subject is faced with an axiological choice: either discretion or truth and argues that it is worth opting for truth. His argumentation could be an interesting point of reference for contemporary culture gradually moving away from the type of thinking rooted in objectively existing principles.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"24 1","pages":"173 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89753682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The abyss, or the insufficiency of ethical nihilism for Nietzsche’s Übermensch 深渊，或伦理虚无主义对尼采Übermensch的不足
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2020-0011
J. Kahambing
{"title":"The abyss, or the insufficiency of ethical nihilism for Nietzsche’s Übermensch","authors":"J. Kahambing","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, I critique the prevalent notion that only in the abyss can one emerge to be the Übermensch, or to use Hollingdale’s term, the Superman. To support this, I will first expound on the notion of the abyss as ethical nihilism from the perspective of the death of God to Nietzsche’s critique of morality. I argue that ethical nihilism as an abyss is insufficient in constituting Nietzsche’s Superman. I will then set how the Superman emerges through counter-stages. The paradox is that such tragic an abyss that serves as conditio sine qua non for the Superman falls flat when looked at in the perspective of life. There underlies a fundamental difficulty in simply accepting the proposals of acknowledging the abyss or ‘becoming what one is.’ Later, Nietzsche’s anti-romanticism and anti-Darwinism are explored to support such difficulty.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"1971 1","pages":"155 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82732207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ethical aspects of the non-romantic thinking of Jonáš Záborský and Štefan Launer 伦理方面的非浪漫主义思想Jonáš Záborský和Štefan Launer
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2020-0020
P. Krištof
{"title":"Ethical aspects of the non-romantic thinking of Jonáš Záborský and Štefan Launer","authors":"P. Krištof","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2020-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2020-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper focuses on the thinking of Jonáš Záborský (1812–1876) and Štěpán Launer (1821–1851), which were marginalized in Slovak national-forming thinking. Emphasis is placed on the comparison between non-romantic nationalism and Štúr’s ethnic enthusiasm. Attention is paid to the value of their thinking, which can be analyzed in the context of reflections in the role of cultural identity in Štúr’s conception of culture and its place in relation to European cultural and civilizational affiliation. At the same time, the critique of romantic thinking draws attention to the issue of the responsibility of nation-forming elites for the concept of civic development, which holistically approaches social change. Launer’s and, partly Záborský’s thinking draws attention to the dangers associated with the romantic search for ethnocultural specifics, which may result in the questioning the importance of civil liberties and Western cultural and civilizational affiliation.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"34 1","pages":"146 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76511819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Euthanasia as an issue in ethics of social consequences? 安乐死作为一个伦理问题的社会后果?
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2020-0013
Ján Kalajtzidis
{"title":"Euthanasia as an issue in ethics of social consequences?","authors":"Ján Kalajtzidis","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2020-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2020-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main aim of the presented paper is to look for an answer as to whether and how euthanasia reflected is in ethics of social consequences. Ethics of social consequences is a contemporary Slovak ethical theory with an original approach to delimitating moral agency. The paper puts this definition to the test while considering the main focus of the paper – responding to the question of whether euthanasia and end of life can be understood as a moral uncertainty. The intention is to find out whether the definition is clear and adequate to withstand the basic arguments against euthanasia. Since ethics of social consequences is a consequentialist ethical theory, another partial goal is to analyse the fitness of such a position to be used in bioethical inquires.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"16 1","pages":"221 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88121772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
What is critical in the Anthropocene? A discussion of four conceptual problems from the environmental-political philosophy perspective 人类世的关键是什么?从环境政治哲学的角度讨论四个概念问题
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2020-0018
Daniel Buschmann
{"title":"What is critical in the Anthropocene? A discussion of four conceptual problems from the environmental-political philosophy perspective","authors":"Daniel Buschmann","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2020-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2020-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Anthropocene confronts environmental philosophy with one of the most urgent questions of the 21st century: How to maintain the earth’s condition in a way that allows current and future human generations to thrive? By asking such a question, ethical thought ceases to be solely a matter of individuality or morality. Instead, it raises a political issue: How can or should environmental philosophy relate to society in the Anthropocene? This article argues for a critical perspective that draws on contemporary historic materialist scholars and politicises societal power relations. It exemplifies this approach by discussing key-terms of the Anthropocene discourse, like planetary boundaries, tipping points, and space-ship earth. The article concludes that the idea that “we have to act fast now” would be dangerously too easy because it ignores the ambivalent character of human-nature relations.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"88 1","pages":"190 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80192570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Cultivated character: Voltaire and Karel Čapek on the good gardener 修养品格:伏尔泰与卡雷尔Čapek论好园丁
IF 0.7
Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ebce-2020-0016
Daniel Brennan
{"title":"Cultivated character: Voltaire and Karel Čapek on the good gardener","authors":"Daniel Brennan","doi":"10.2478/ebce-2020-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2020-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper unpacks the nuanced ethical potential in the metaphor of gardening that is depicted in Karel Čapek’s The Gardener’s Year, and the relevance of Čapek’s metaphor for understanding Voltaire’s famously ambiguous ending to Candide. Against more pessimistic or passive accounts of what Candide could have meant, the paper agrees with scholars who consider Candide’s maxim as meaning to engage in active, and communal practise of character development. By using Čapek’s much fuller account of the gardener in the practice of cultivation to fill in the gaps in Voltaire’s account, the paper shows that gardening is a rich metaphor of the virtuous person engaged in lifelong character cultivation.","PeriodicalId":53173,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe)","volume":"1 1","pages":"179 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90679400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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