Oftal''mokhirurgiia最新文献

{"title":"Study of non-radiation cataract risk factors in chronically exposed persons","authors":"L.D. Mikryukova","doi":"10.25276/0235-4160-2023-3-14-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/0235-4160-2023-3-14-25","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Epidemiological data have revealed a significant association between exposure to ionizing radiation, loss of lens optical function, and cataract formation. Cataract is a multifactorial disease that is traditionally associated with age, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, diabetes, smoking, alcohol abuse, obesity, steroid hormones, hypertension, etc. The chronic nature of the effects of radiation on the body, including both cell damage and regenerative processes, complicates the issue of assessment of the nature and magnitude of the dose-dependence of effects. Purpose. To investigate the potential risk factors of cataract development in different morphological layers, depending on social conditions and several diseases (non-radiation factors) in the population affected by two radiation accidents (dumping of radioactive waste into the Techa River and the East Ural Radioactive Trace) in the Southern Urals. Material and methods. The data from an in-depth examination of patients by an ophthalmologist in the Clinical Department of the URCRM were analyzed. The study involved 1377 patients. The «case» and «control» groups, comparable in sex and age, were selected from the general population. The impact of each factor was assessed on the basis of the Odds Ratio (OR) indicator. Risk factors associated with the development of cataracts in different layers of the lens included arterial hypertension, body mass index, age at the onset of exposure, level of education, alcohol consumption, smoking, ethnicity. Results. An increased risk of developing cataracts in the lens nucleus (1st sample: OR=0.54 (1st sample: 95% CI: 0.34–0.86; 2nd sample: OR=0.51 (95% CI: 0.32–0.82) (p<0.05)) and the intensity of its color (1st sample: OR=0.48 (95% CI: 0.29–0.80); 2nd sample: OR=0.56 (95% CI: 0.34–0.94) (p<0.05)) was established in persons who were at the age over 6 at the onset of exposure. Conclusion. The analysis did not reveal a statistically significant relationship of changes in the cortical layers, the nucleus and the posterior capsule of the lens with other studied risk factors in persons exposed to chronic radiation at a low to medium dose range. There was an increased risk of cataract development in the lens nucleus and the intensity of its color in persons who began to be exposed at the age of over 6 years. Key words: risk factors, cortical cataract, nuclear cataract, posterior subcapsular cataract, chronic exposure","PeriodicalId":52983,"journal":{"name":"Oftal''mokhirurgiia","volume":"270 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special form of strabismus – Brown's syndrome. Diagnostics and surgical treatment","authors":"A.E. Gorkin","doi":"10.25276/0235-4160-2023-3-98-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/0235-4160-2023-3-98-105","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Clarification of indications for surgical treatment of Brown syndrome, choice of the optimal type of surgery and tactics of treatment of secondary overaction of the ipsilateral inferior oblique muscle (IO). Material and methods. Authors evaluate the effectiveness of various types of the superior oblique muscle (SO) weakening procedures based on the analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 65 patients (69 eyes) with Brown syndrome. In 53 cases, tenectomy was performed, and in 16 cases, recession/prolongation of SO. Results. Tenectomy of SO is more effective in surgical treatment of Brown syndrome. In 60 out of 65 (92%) operated patients it was possible to significantly improve the mobility of the operated eye upwards. Secondary overaction of the inferior oblique muscle was eliminated in next step of surgery. Conclusions. Surgical treatment of Brown's syndrome is staged. Indications for surgical treatment are: significant head abnormal position, hypotropia in the primary gaze and in adduction, binocular vision disturbance. The SO tenectomy has provided good functional results in treatment of patients with Brown's syndrome. Key words: Brown's syndrome, incomitant strabismus, superior oblique muscle, surgical treatment, tenectomy, recession, anterior transposition","PeriodicalId":52983,"journal":{"name":"Oftal''mokhirurgiia","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-year experience of autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) application for retinal detachment with central retinal tear in patients with high myopia and severe scleral staphyloma of the macular area","authors":"D.G. Arsiutov, N.P. Pashtaev","doi":"10.25276/0235-4160-2023-3-66-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/0235-4160-2023-3-66-71","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To evaluate surgical treatment effectiveness of retinal detachment associated with central retinal tear, in patients with high myopia and severe staphyloma of the sclera of the macular area by closure of the retinal defect with autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) without retinal endolaser coagulation, tamponade with perfluoroorganic compounds and silicone tamponade; to evaluate the possibility of sutureless closure of sclera- and conjunctivotomies under conditions of pneumoretinopexy at the final stage of surgery. Material and methods. Since 2018, 27 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with a central tear secondary to high myopia and severe staphyloma of the sclera of the macular area have been operated. All patients underwent standard and additional pre- and postoperative examination, including visometry, tonometry, perimetry, A- and B-scanning, microperimetry, laser tindalemetry, optical coherence tomography as well as fundus images had been taken. In all cases, surgery was completed with pneumoretinopexy. Results. Early postoperative period was uneventful in all clinical groups. Complete retinal reattachment and macular tear closure after ACP application without additional retinal endolaser coagulation after air and silicone tamponade was observed in all patients. In the long-term follow-up period up to 60 months, there were no episodes of recurrent retinal detachment or central tear. Best corrected visual acuity was 0.02–0.6. Complete closure of sclera- and conjunctivotomies was achieved without additional suture fixation. In all cases, the vascular pattern of the conjunctiva was intact, there were also no reactive process detected at the site of ACP application. Conclusion. Developed technique of macular tear surgical closure by ACP subretinal and preretinal application made it possible to eliminate need of tamponade with perfluoroorganic compounds and silicone oil. A method of sutureless sealing of sclera- and conjunctivotomies with an air tamponade using ACP has been developed and successfully applied. Key words: autologous conditioned plasma, retinal detachment with macular hole associated with high myopia and scleral staphyloma, sutureless closure of scleral and conjunctival wounds","PeriodicalId":52983,"journal":{"name":"Oftal''mokhirurgiia","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern concepts of scleral buckling in the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment","authors":"V.N. Kazaykin, A.V. Lizunov, M.A. Lipina","doi":"10.25276/0235-4160-2023-3-112-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/0235-4160-2023-3-112-118","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a serious problem of modern ophthalmology, leading to an irreversible decrease in vision and, in extreme cases, to its loss. The prevalence of RRD according to various sources varies from 8.9 to 24.4 cases per 100,000 population, in most cases these are patients of working age – 84–89%. Purpose. To analyze the role of extrascleral buckling in treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Material and methods. In the search for materials, open electronic databases Google and Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE and Web of Science were used, 58 sources were analyzed up to 2023. Results. At the beginning of the 20th century, retinal detachment irreversibly led to blindness, but starting from the late 1920s, the first surgical techniques appeared that made it possible to successfully restore its anatomical position. Extrascleral buckling (ESP) became an established treatment for retinal detachment with a long-term success rate of 93%. The vast majority of rebleeds ultimately continued to occur due to missed tears, inaccurate buckling, or inadequate retinopexy. Much has changed since the development in 1971 by R. Machemer of a device for vitrectomy through the pars plana, as a result of which the surgical focus shifted towards the vitreal cavity. Conclusion. Scleral buckling still remains an effective surgical intervention in a certain group of patients with retinal detachment, including combined operations, and its undoubted advantage is the unpretentiousness of technical support. Key words: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, extrascleral buckling, encircling, cryopexy, encircling tape length","PeriodicalId":52983,"journal":{"name":"Oftal''mokhirurgiia","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern technologies of microbiological research in ophthalmology. Part 2","authors":"O.V. Shilovskikh, V.O. Ponomarev, V.N. Kazaikin, A.N. Kulikov, N.S. Demchenko, K.A. Tkachenko, Y.B. Beikin, S.M. Rozanova, M.V. Kyrf","doi":"10.25276/0235-4160-2023-2-86-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/0235-4160-2023-2-86-90","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To highlight modern microbiological technologies (mass spectrometry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, laser light scattering) and methods (phenotypic, genetic, analytical methods) for detecting antibiotic sensitivity. Material and methods. To complete this review, a search was carried out for scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors on the resources of PubMed, Medline, eLibrary from 2008 to 2021, devoted to the currently existing methods for determining sensitivity to antibiotics with an emphasis on ophthalmological microbiological diagnostics. Results. Modern technologies make it possible to determine the presence of resistance to specific drugs and additionally reveal its mechanisms, allow direct detection of components of microorganisms responsible for the loss of sensitivity to antibiotics. Conclusion. The modern microbiological technologies presented in the review for determining antibiotic resistance make it possible not only to solve the clinical tasks of treating specific patients in the shortest possible time, but also to carry out epidemiological monitoring to explain the mechanisms leading to the antibiotic resistance in the population at the proteomic and genomic levels. Key words: antibiotic sensitivity, polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, mass spectrometry, antibiotic resistance","PeriodicalId":52983,"journal":{"name":"Oftal''mokhirurgiia","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135046403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}