Annals of Indian Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Scrolling and Stress: Exploring Internet Usage for Social Media and Psychological Distress in Young Adults","authors":"P. C. P. Kumar, M. Kishor, Archana Anthony Raj, M. Murugappan, D. Palaniswamy","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_190_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_190_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Internet usage is increasing significantly among young adults for various purposes. Understanding the extent of their social media engagement is crucial. This study aims to explore how much young adults use the Internet for social media and its link to psychological distress.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study included 423 UG and PG students from two private colleges in Ooty, Tamil Nadu. They were selected using a purposive sampling technique. An online survey collected data through a sociodemographic data sheet, the Internet Use Scale, and the Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The findings revealed that 26% (n = 111) of students excessively use the Internet for social media activities. More males (56.76%) than females (43.24%) use this excessively. Around 23% of these heavy users have four or more social media accounts. Instagram is the most popular platform (32%), followed by combinations such as Instagram, Snapchat, and YouTube (28%), and Instagram paired with YouTube (20%). Excessive Internet users (P < 0.001) spend an average of 3.57 h on social media, while nonexcessive users spend 2.51 h. Over half of the excessive users had psychological distress (P < 0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between average social media usage hours, Internet use score, and psychological distress (P < 0.001).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Internet usage for social media activity is rising among students, and using multiple social media accounts and excessive use are associated with psychological distress.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of Patient Information Leaflet for Schizophrenia","authors":"C. G. Deepak, J. Joel, S. Bhat","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_188_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_188_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 People with severe mental illnesses like schizophrenia demonstrate a high rate of therapeutic noncompliance in contrast to other forms of mental illnesses. Educating patients regarding the disease and treatment helps to overcome the barriers of their resistance toward the prescribed regimen. Numerous tools have been developed for educating patients and the most convenient and cost-effective form of educational tool is a leaflet.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study aims to develop and validate a patient information leaflet (PIL) for patients with schizophrenia.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The PIL contents were generated from various sources of literature and discussion with several experts in the fields of psychiatry, dietetics, and pharmacy, followed by validation using the content validation index (CVI) method. The Flesch reading ease (FRE) and Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) formulas were employed to assess readability and evaluate layout and design, Baker-Able Leaflet Design (BALD) criteria were utilized.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The prepared draft PIL obtained CVI scores of 0.94 (relevance) and 0.84 (clarity), indicating good content validity. The readability scores 74.4 (FRE) and 4 (FKGL) denoted that the textual contents in the PIL are relatively easy to read by any person with an educational grade of four and above. The BALD scores of 29 (English) and 26 (Malayalam and Kannada) represent the PIL good layout and design.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A draft PIL for patients with schizophrenia is prepared and validated. Further user-testing analysis is needed to evaluate the PIL’s efficiency in the target population.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome and Lifestyle Factors in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Hospital-Based Study","authors":"S. Kantipudi, Samyukta Jayachandran, R. Sathianathan","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_146_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_146_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Patients with schizophrenia are more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke which result in premature deaths. The increased prevalence of these risk factors can be attributed to several reasons such as physical inactivity, poor diet, substance use, and treatment with second-generation antipsychotics. There is a paucity of studies on metabolic syndrome and its association with lifestyle risk factors in Low and Middle Income Countries (LAMIC) nations.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome as per the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria and to assess association in relation to sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle-related variables.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study design was employed. All consecutive patients with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 diagnosis of schizophrenia in the age group of 18–65 years were enrolled in the study after obtaining written informed consent. Statistical analysis was done using the software SPSS version 20. The demographic and clinical data are presented in frequencies, mean, and standard deviation. The Chi-square test was used to assess the significance of associations between categorical variables.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is 41% in patients with schizophrenia in urban hospital settings. Majority of patients reported low-moderate intensity physical activity, low fiber intake, and high fat intake. This study had shown a positive association of metabolic syndrome with female gender after adjusting other variables found in univariate analysis.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The burden of cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with schizophrenia is quite high. There is a need for early screening and effective intervention to decrease morbidity and mortality in patients with schizophrenia.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Didaskaleinophobia: Fear of Going to School","authors":"Manish Raturi, Shalini Lal Raturi","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_140_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_140_22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract School phobias can be challenging for parents to deal with. Further, up to 5% of children experience fears about going to school. Herein, the Indian parents of a 5-year-old girl child get perturbed by her anxiety and persistent refusals about going to the newly joined school. Consequently, the parents have penned down their child’s psychology and varied emotions regarding the unfamiliar environments she faced in the configuration of a poem.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134902323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral arteriovenous malformations presenting with anxiety disorder and parasomnia: A case study","authors":"S. Kar, Avneendra Kumar Singh, R. Tandon, Kopal Rohatgi, B. Kumari","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_85_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_85_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring adoption disclosure through Indian adoptive parents: A qualitative study","authors":"R. Kashika, N. Maheshbabu","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_90_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_90_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the increasing rates of adoption and its acceptance in India, the question of whether to tell or not about the adoption to the adoptee always remains. Disclosure is a very important phase in the life of every adoptee and the adoptive parents. Aim: The aim of the study was to learn about the views of adoptive parents about the disclosure, assumed aftermath, and role of social support. Methods: The study used a qualitative research method which included a content analysis as a method of analysis and semi-structured interview method for data collection. The study included 8 Indian adoptive parents. Results: Through the findings, it was observed that there are various consequences that emerge out of the extent of disclosure, motives behind it, preferences, and aids to disclose which was explored in the study. These decisions of disclosure were viewed to be ruled by assumed aftermath by the adoptive parents they were both negative and positive. The need of social support system was highlighted by the participants was said to be playing an important role in the process. Conclusion: Overall findings show the diversity of the preferences, motives, aids to divulge and assumed aftermath thus providing scope for further exploration with the Indian adoptive parents and impact of the disclosure on adoptees.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there neuropsychological predictors for response and nonresponse in first-episode drug naïve patients with OCD? A 12 weeks interventional study","authors":"S. Jaswal, J. Brar, A. Sidana, Nidhika Chauhan, M. Bajaj","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_110_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_110_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common, chronic debilitating disorder. A detailed neuropsychological assessment at baseline might help us to identify the various neuropsychological predictors for response and nonresponse. Aim: The identification of neuropsychological predictors for response and nonresponse in patients with OCD. Materials and Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of OCD (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5th edition), first episode, and treatment naïve were evaluated for neuropsychological functioning with the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Neuropsychological Battery-2004, and the severity of OCD on the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (YBOCS). After baseline assessment, patients received either sertraline or fluvoxamine at a maximum tolerable therapeutic dose and were reassessed after 12 weeks for a response. Results: A total of 50 patients (25 in sertraline and 25 in the fluvoxamine group) were included in the 12 weeks study. The majority of the patients had adequate baseline neuropsychological functioning except for inadequacy in the category and verbal fluency, and the mean baseline total Y-BOCS score was 23.48 (standard deviation = 6.29). Out of 50 patients, 36 (72%) patients showed a response to the treatment. The correlation analysis showed that except for the N-1 hits variable, in the Verbal N Back test for working memory, which correlated significantly with a reduction in YBOCS score across 12 weeks, none of the other neuropsychological domain scores were correlated with the outcome. Conclusion: The index study concludes that working memory is significantly correlated with the response at 12 weeks. However, there are no other neuropsychological predictors for response and nonresponse in patients with OCD.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70646904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety and depression in parents of children and adolescents with intellectual disability","authors":"Rachit Sharma, Harpreet Singh, K. Chatterjee, Pookala Shivaram Bhat, K. Srivastava, R. Saini","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_197_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_197_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parents of the children and adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) are prone to psychological distress than as compared to parents of normally developing children and adolescents. Various biopsychosocial factors affect the perception and manifestation of this stress and influences difference in quality and severity in psychological outcomes. When a couple faces stress of caregiving as a unit, it is worthwhile to know and assess distribution pattern amongst the primary care giver and the other parent. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the proportional distribution of depression and anxiety in primary care giver and the other parent in parents of children and adolescents with ID. Materials and Methods: Using a Cross-sectional observational study design, 99 parents (99 fathers and 98 mothers) of 99 children and adolescents (up to 18 yrs of age) with Intellectual Disability were assessed for Depressive and Anxiety symptoms using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Comparison of proportional distribution of psychiatric morbidity among fathers and mothers (primary care giver) was done using 2 independent sample proportion tests. Results: The mothers were found to be the primary care givers. 35.4% of fathers and 66.3% of mothers had significant depressive symptoms. 57.6% of fathers and 91.8% of mothers had significant anxiety symptoms. In 33 couples, fathers did not report anxiety or depressive symptoms but corresponding 27 mothers reported significant anxiety or depressive symptoms or both. In rest of the couples in whom fathers reported anxiety and/or depressive symptoms, the corresponding mothers also reported. In six couples where mothers did not report anxiety or depression, the fathers also did not report any anxiety or depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Depressive and Anxiety symptoms are very prevalent in parents of children with ID. Their proportion is significantly high in primary care giver (mother) as comparedto corresponding other parent (father). There is unequal distribution of anxiety and depression in these parents with a skew towards mother.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139328691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative assessment of effect on psychomotor performance efficacy and adherence of levosulpiride and olanzapine in patients with schizophrenia: A parallel, open-label, prospective observational study","authors":"N. Pramoda, V. A. Turankar, M. Thakre, Sudhir Laludeo Mahajan, Sunil M. Mahakalkar, A. Shetty, Sandeep M. Sasi","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_35_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_35_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Schizophrenia is mostly treated with atypical antipsycotics, which may be required for lifetime. Olanzapine is commonly used in this condition, whereas levosulpiride is approved in India for the same. Knowing the effect of these drugs on psychomotor function helps in choosing a suitable drug to a particular patient based on his daily activities. Aims: The aim is to compare the effect of levosulpiride and olanzapine on psychomotor performance, efficacy, and adherence in patients with schizophrenia. Settings and Design: This was open-label, parallel arm, prospective observational study carried out in a tertiary care hospital of central India from December 2019 to December 2021. Subjects and Methods: Thirty-six patients visiting psychiatry OPD, diagnosed by treating psychiatrist as schizophrenia were assessed by CFFT, hand steadiness test (HST), arithmetic ability test, and reaction time (RT) for psychomotor function, and symptoms were scored on positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and brief negative symptom scale (BNSS) rating scales at the first visit, end of 4 and 8 weeks. Adherence was assessed by the Medication adherence rating scale at 8 weeks. Results: Statistically significant increase in RT was seen in both levosulpiride (P = 0.04) and olanzapine (P = 0.0065) groups, whereas only the olanzapine group had a significant change in CFFT (P = 0.04) and HST (P = 0.01) at 8 weeks. On head-to-head comparison, a statistically significant worsening in HST score (P = 0.01) was seen in olanzapine group. Both the groups had significant decreases in all PANSS (P < 0.001) and BNSS (P < 0.001) scores. When change in PANSS and BNSS scores were compared with each other, the levosulpiride group had a significantly more decrease in scores on PANSS negative scale (P = 0.03). Patients in both groups were adherent to treatment. Conclusions: Our study concluded that levosulpiride is better than olanzapine on its fine motor control. Both the drugs increase RT while only olanzapine worsened fine motor control and CFF. Both the drugs were effective for schizophrenia with 8 weeks treatment, while levosulpiride is superior to olanzapine in improving negative symptoms of schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methamphetamine abuse in the form of yaba pills","authors":"Disha Mukherjee, Soumily Ghosh, Arijit Mondal","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_143_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_143_21","url":null,"abstract":"YABA, also known as “Nazi speed” is a relatively newer stimulant drug with abusive potential that contains methamphetamine and caffeine in various proportions and mostly available in Bangladesh and its subcontinent and relatively rare in Indian states. Here, we report a case of a 30-year-old male with history of Yaba abuse for the past 4 years currently complaining of withdrawal symptoms palpitation, dry mouth, irritability, and mood symptoms that managed symptomatically and with topiramate tablets to prevent future relapse.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70647774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}