Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity最新文献_第10页

The characteristics and implications of epidemic reports during COVID-19 in the United States 美国新冠肺炎疫情报告的特点及意义

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.07.001

Yi Han, Jie Luan, Xiongli Xu, Shanshan Lu, Meng Li, Jianbo Ba

引用次数: 1

Public awareness, participation and attitude toward the national biosafety framework and genetically modified organisms in Ghana 加纳公众对国家生物安全框架和转基因生物的认识、参与和态度

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.10.003

Richard Ampadu-Ameyaw , George Owusu Essegbey , Eric Okoree Amaning

{"title":"Public awareness, participation and attitude toward the national biosafety framework and genetically modified organisms in Ghana","authors":"Richard Ampadu-Ameyaw , George Owusu Essegbey , Eric Okoree Amaning","doi":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Public engagement in the development, promotion, and utilization of innovation is an important part of any biosafety decision-making process. Under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, the public is expected to be involved in the development and handling of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the implementation of a national biosafety framework (NBF), which governs and regulates the operations of modern biotechnology and GMOs. In this study, we explore the state of public knowledge and awareness regarding GMOs and attitudes toward the NBF in Ghana using a survey conducted in three elite communities in Accra, the capital of Ghana. We interviewed 130 people and found that while most of the respondents obtained information on GMOs through the media, academic papers, and agriculture awareness workshops, access to information on the technology and the NBF was often limited. Our results showed that despite the existence of GMOs and an NBF in Ghana for many years, awareness, understanding, and knowledge of GMOs and the NBF remain inadequate. We found that young, better-educated males are more likely to accept GMOs and be aware of the NBF. This suggests the need for more widespread public education, engagement, and awareness development regarding GMOs, the NBF, and governing institutions as a way of resolving the problems created by misinformation, distrust, and fear, and increasing public confidence in GMOs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 147-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588933821000376/pdfft?md5=11293e95c53573d02fb7a72fef4e2b4f&pid=1-s2.0-S2588933821000376-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49565295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

IAP endorses the Tianjin Biosecurity Guidelines for codes of conduct for scientists IAP赞同《天津市生物安全指南》的科学家行为准则

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.08.002

Li Zhenjun

引用次数: 1

Biosafety and biosecurity law in Thailand: From legislation to practice 泰国的生物安全和生物保障法:从立法到实践

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.08.006

Patravee Soisangwan

{"title":"Biosafety and biosecurity law in Thailand: From legislation to practice","authors":"Patravee Soisangwan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thailand has continuously established biosafety and security laws since 1932. The present law, the Pathogens and Animal Toxins Act 2015, was established for the controlled production, possession, sales, import, export, and transit of pathogens and animal toxins. The law is in accordance with the current world situation—that is, outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging diseases and the development of modern biotechnology, such as genetic modification of pathogens with the potential for beneficial or harmful use. The principles of the pathogen control measures of Thai law are similar to those of foreign laws in countries such as Canada, the United States, Singapore, and the People’s Republic of China. Control measures are based on the risk levels of pathogens to humans, animals, and the environment. This review briefly presents details of the law’s development in Thailand. Details are given in comparison with those of other countries; the export and import of pathogens and animal toxins according to EU export controls are also discussed. The practice and experience of applying the law in Thailand are also presented. Dissemination of enforcement details will ensure effective legal biosafety and biosecurity control measures in Thailand. This may be useful for establishing a law involving regulatory controls for biosafety and biosecurity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 91-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588933821000340/pdfft?md5=a1de152fa551dede81915165281b32eb&pid=1-s2.0-S2588933821000340-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47598062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Team experience of nasopharyngeal samples reception, decontamination, and sorting during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) at Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire 科特迪瓦巴斯德研究所Côte在2019冠状病毒病大流行(2020年)期间鼻咽样本接收、去污和分类的团队经验

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.08.005

Kouamé Innocent Kolia , Kipré Bertin Guédé , Kan Stéphane Kouassi , Koby Albert Obro , Kpadraux Danielle Odegue , Sylvie Mireil Sina-Kouaméle , Banga Victor Yepri , Mireille Dosso

{"title":"Team experience of nasopharyngeal samples reception, decontamination, and sorting during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) at Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"Kouamé Innocent Kolia , Kipré Bertin Guédé , Kan Stéphane Kouassi , Koby Albert Obro , Kpadraux Danielle Odegue , Sylvie Mireil Sina-Kouaméle , Banga Victor Yepri , Mireille Dosso","doi":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Molecular testing sensitivity, which allows for early diagnosis of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), could be affected by sample quality, storage, and transportation timeframe to the laboratory, along with bias related to the pre-analytic phase. The present study reports the selection and decontamination of nasopharyngeal samples during COVID-19 management at the Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this work was to organize sample reception management and report a complete picture of sample selection and decontamination in the context of diagnosis activity decentralization.</p><p>An administrative note creating the selection and decontamination unit of nasopharyngeal samples initiated activities in May 2020. The required human resources and necessary materials were identified and put in place. Daily activity consisted of receiving, sorting, decontaminating, and sending nasopharyngeal samples to different diagnostic laboratories. Nonconformities were recorded monthly.</p><p>After a six-month period of activities, from a total amount of 11,401 containers received and decontaminated, 174,085 samples were selected. A proportion of 92.0% of these specimens met the diagnostic standards, while 7.0% that were found acceptable showed minor irregularities. Nevertheless, a rate of 1.0% of samples with major abnormalities could not be used for COVID-19 testing and, therefore, were rejected. Additionally, the non-conformity rate was reduced by 2.4% after the first term activity.</p><p>Sorting and decontamination of nasopharyngeal samples are crucial steps in biosafety optimization for the technical staff and quality improvement of sample care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 120-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8479535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39482592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Capacity building for the identification, mitigation, and communication of DURC in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study 巴基斯坦DURC的识别、缓解和传播能力建设:一项横断面研究

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.10.004

Shamsul Arfin Qasmi , Samreen Sarwar , Muhammad Azheruddin

{"title":"Capacity building for the identification, mitigation, and communication of DURC in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Shamsul Arfin Qasmi , Samreen Sarwar , Muhammad Azheruddin","doi":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing threat posed by state and nonstate actors seeking to misuse scientific and technological developments means it is more important than ever to ensure the responsible conduct of life sciences research, biosecurity research, and dual-use research of concern (DURC). Pakistan has a rapidly growing research environment and, being a signatory to the Biological Toxins and Weapons Convention, is committed to raising DURC awareness among its researchers. To this end, a series of five workshops were conducted in Pakistan between July 2018 and January 2020 with the support of the United States organization Health Security Partners. The workshops targeted universities offering postgraduate programs in life and medical sciences. The purpose of the workshops was to enable participants to understand the concept of DURC, review their own research, determine if any of their experiments may be DURC, identify potential risks while conducting the research, and develop protocols to mitigate DURC threats. A pre-and post-workshop questionnaire evaluated the knowledge of the participants. Evaluations of both the course and facilitators were obtained at each workshop.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 141-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588933821000388/pdfft?md5=c928af9ccaaa9a62260696ba626a6df2&pid=1-s2.0-S2588933821000388-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44450629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Building and implementing a multi-level system of ethical code for biologists under the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) of the United Nations 根据联合国《生物和毒素武器公约》(BTWC)，建立和实施生物学家多层次的道德准则体系

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.09.001

Yang Xue , Lijun Shang , Weiwen Zhang

{"title":"Building and implementing a multi-level system of ethical code for biologists under the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) of the United Nations","authors":"Yang Xue , Lijun Shang , Weiwen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recent global COVID-19 pandemic has had profound economic and social impacts on the world. It has highlighted an urgent need to strengthen existing international biosecurity governance mechanisms to prevent the misuse and malicious abuse of life science research and maintain international biological arms control norms. Biologists are at the front line of biotechnology development and are key to maintaining biosecurity awareness and moral self-discipline. As an important first step, biologists need to actively participate in the formulation and implementation of relevant biosecurity policies and measures to ensure their effectiveness and sustainability. Furthermore, efforts should be made to advocate for and promote the establishment of an ethical code of conduct for biologists to share safety responsibilities for global biosecurity. To maximize the impact of this ethical code of conduct, an effective approach to implementing codes of conduct for biologists at both national and international levels should be established under the framework of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 108-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8752047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9207886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Control strategies and their effects on the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 in representative countries 代表性国家2020年COVID-19大流行控制策略及其影响

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.06.003

Rongzhang Hao , Yewu Zhang , Zhidong Cao , Jing Li , Qing Xu , Lingling Ye , Xudong Guo , Tao Zheng , Hongbin Song

引用次数: 7

Wildlife-borne microorganisms and strategies to prevent and control emerging infectious diseases 野生动物传播的微生物和预防和控制新发传染病的战略

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.06.005

Tian Qin , Xiangdong Ruan , Zhaojun Duan , Jianping Cao , Junrong Liang , Jing Yang , Yan Jiang , Mang Shi , Jianguo Xu

{"title":"Wildlife-borne microorganisms and strategies to prevent and control emerging infectious diseases","authors":"Tian Qin , Xiangdong Ruan , Zhaojun Duan , Jianping Cao , Junrong Liang , Jing Yang , Yan Jiang , Mang Shi , Jianguo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>China is one of the countries with the richest wildlife population. The large variety of widely distributed species act as natural or susceptible hosts for numerous infectious diseases. It is estimated that there are more than 1.2 million unknown virus species in China, and there might be 10,000–30,000 unknown bacteria in wild mammals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau alone. There are no less than 600,000 species of animal-borne parasites and approximately 2 million species of fungi worldwide. With rapid economic growth and globalization, humans and wildlife interact more frequently, which enhances the probability of wildlife-borne pathogens infecting humans. The occurrence of animal-borne infectious diseases will become the “new normal” we have to face in the future. Therefore, research should be carried out on wildlife-borne microorganisms and the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases to establish an analytical framework and an evaluation technology system for risk assessment and early warning of potential animal-borne emerging infectious diseases. This will not only improve our understanding of wildlife-borne microbial communities but also enable in-depth analysis, discovery, early warning, and even prediction of major animal-borne emerging infectious diseases that might occur in the future. Furthermore, this research will reduce response times, minimize the social and economic impact and losses, enable interventions related to the emergence or spread of the disease as early as possible, and comprehensively improve our management of infectious disease outbreaks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 67-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jobb.2021.06.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"100074911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Pakistan’s experience with risk assessment training and implementation of concepts from the 4th edition of the WHO laboratory biosafety manual 巴基斯坦在风险评估培训和实施世卫组织实验室生物安全手册第四版概念方面的经验

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2021.09.002

Samreen Sarwar , Viji Vijayan

{"title":"Pakistan’s experience with risk assessment training and implementation of concepts from the 4th edition of the WHO laboratory biosafety manual","authors":"Samreen Sarwar , Viji Vijayan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobb.2021.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The cyclical process of hazard identification, risk assessment, risk mitigation, and review is a key step in developing a biorisk management (BRM) system. This paper describes how this process was initiated in two laboratories in Pakistan using a unique model of blended learning.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A training needs analysis showed that the staff had very little knowledge of BRM systems. A workshop using a unique blended model was conducted in which virtual and in-presence learning occurred simultaneously. This workshop aimed to train the participants by applying two key concepts from the World Health Organization Laboratory Biosafety Manual 4th edition: 1) the cyclical process of risk assessment and 2) mapping the core biorisk and establishing heightened control measures in the laboratories of the participants based on the risk assessment. All scenarios and examples used in the training were from the participants’ laboratory work processes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Prior to this project, no risk assessment was conducted in these laboratories. After the workshop, a risk assessment was performed for six work processes. In addition, seven core requirements and three heightened control measures were mapped, a biorisk officer was appointed, and a biosafety committee was convened. Furthermore, a biorisk manual, a biological waste management plan, an occupational health center, and a system for audits and inspections are being developed.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><p>BRM training is not a one-time effort; it has to be strengthened to ensure the development and implementation of a comprehensive and sustainable BRM system. Training must be applicable to local settings and incremental, in a way that participants are not overloaded with information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 99-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588933821000327/pdfft?md5=4f395f9d6904c323f3ad836f18377f0a&pid=1-s2.0-S2588933821000327-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42469701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2