{"title":"Late Medieval and Modern Ceramics from the Castle in Przezmark in the Light of the Results of Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry – an Attempt at Interpretation","authors":"K. Zdeb, Magdalena Żurek","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.36.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.36.15","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological excavations of the Institute of Archaeology UKSW lasted from July to August 2017. Principals have reviewed the area. In the first season, four excavations were opened – three (A–C) ones in the high castle and one (D) in the middle castle area. Trench A was founded on the outside of the south-eastern corner of the castle. The work was to verify the presence of the external wall – it was built from the side of the lake, present on the plans of the castle. During the excavation tests, the remains of the toilet tank were unveiled. Fragments of usable ceramics were extracted from these places. Samples were taken from vessels and transferred to the laboratory. During the chemical analysis, fatty acids were isolated. Based on the proportion of acids obtained, an attempt was made to interpret food prepared in dishes. The following tests were chosen for the tests: lid (P1), six den (P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7), two bellies (P9, P10) and two outlets (P8 and P11). After an overall analysis, it was found that FAME of plant and animal origin was detected in all samples.","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88745993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miecz z zamku w Szczytnie","authors":"P. Strzyż","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.36.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.36.09","url":null,"abstract":"Artykuł omawia miecz przechowywany w Muzeum Mazurskim w Szczytnie, który pochodzi z danych zbiorów Prussia Museum. Zabytek zachował się w dość dobrym stanie ogólnym – brak jedynie sztychowej partii głowni. Głownia mieczowa zachowała się na długości 615 mm, przy całkowitej długości oręża 855 mm. Charakterystyczny jest jelec, w rzucie z góry o esowatym kształcie, a głowica ma postać odwróconej gruszki. Na podstawie cech konstrukcyjnych miecz ze Szczytna należy określić jako egzemplarz późnośredniowieczny z głownią typu XVIIIa według R.E. Oakeshotta, jelcem 12a oraz głowicą T5. Analogiczne zachowane okazy, jak i przedstawienia ikonograficzne dowodzą, że tego rodzaju miecze były najbardziej popularne w drugiej połowie XV oraz początkach – pierwszej ćwierci XVI stulecia. O okolicznościach pozyskania tego egzemplarza mamy bardzo lakoniczne informacje – był on znaleziony w ruinach zamku.","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79257370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Late Medieval Magistrate’s Sword from the Collections of Buchlov State Castle","authors":"Petr Žákovský, P. Barta, J. Hošek, Matěj Kmošek","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.36.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.36.08","url":null,"abstract":"The collections of Buchlov State Castle include, among other things, a richly decorated late medieval long-sword that can be, based on its overall character, including maker’s marks on its blade, reliably interpreted as a so-called magistrate’s sword made around the turn of the 16th century in Passau, Bavaria. This article discusses the nature of its decoration in comparison with other similar preserved Central European magistrates’ swords of Passau provenance, as well as both the practical and symbolic function of these weapons.","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89165192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Garnitury okuć rzemieni i inne elementy ozdobne wielkomorawskich mieczy","authors":"Z. Robak","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.36.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.36.02","url":null,"abstract":"Tematem artykułu jest rekonstrukcja wyglądu pochwy miecza wielkomorawskich wojowników. Autor skupia się w nim przede wszystkim na garniturach okuć rzemieni i pasów służących do przypinania miecza, ale nie pomija także innych ozdobnych elementów pochwy miecza, jakie stosowano na obszarze Wielkich Moraw w IX i na początku X w. Artykuł prezentuje głównie analizę składu garniturów mieczowych znanych z obszarów Wielkich Moraw w kontekście szerszej typologii i zagadnień chronologicznych znalezisk z obszaru Europy znajdującego się pod wpływem kultury karolińskiej między początkiem IX a pierwszą połową X w. \u0000Rozbudowane garnitury mieczowe stały się bardzo popularne na Wielkich Morawach w drugiej połowie IX w. Wtedy też zanikają miecze ze zdobionymi głowicami (B/H, K), a pojawiają się modele z głowicami niezdobionymi (N/X, Y). Możliwe zatem, że popularyzacja garniturów mieczowych wśród wielkomorawskich wojowników nastąpiła w odpowiedzi na konieczność stosowania mniej okazałej broni.","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84261530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nowe spojrzenie na miecz z Turu, pow. poddębicki","authors":"Irena Podolska, W. Rutkowski","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.36.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.36.01","url":null,"abstract":"Artykuł Nowe spojrzenie na miecz z Turu, pow. poddębicki przybliża kwestię konstrukcji, typologizacji i chronologii miecza jednosiecznego. Interpretacja materiału zabytkowego pozwoliła na wskazanie wcześniej niezauważonych cech broni, co umożliwiło także jej rekonstrukcję. Ponowne opracowanie zabytku poszerza naszą wiedzę zarówno o uzbrojeniu kultury przeworskiej, jak i o samym stanowisku.","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90585974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Militarne wizerunki przypisywane św. Jerzemu-smokobójcy i ich mitologiczno-religijne konotacje (na przykładzie wczesnośredniowiecznych zawieszek z Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej)","authors":"T. Kurasiński","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.36.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.36.04","url":null,"abstract":"Artykuł stanowi próbę interpretacji treści ikonograficznych i znaczeniowych zakodowanych w tarczowatych zawieszkach z konnymi wizerunkami przypisywanymi św. Jerzemu-smokobójcy (Ruś – k. XI – poł. XIII w.; Polska – poł. XII – pierwsza poł. XIII w.; Łotwa – k. XII–XIV w.). Zgodnie z kanonami ikonografii chrześcijańskiej miały one ukazywać zarówno moc Bożą, jak i potęgę świętego. Jednocześnie ich treść sięga głębszych pokładów znaczeniowych, związanych z archetypicznym odwzorowaniem kosmicznego pojedynku pomiędzy pierwotnymi siłami identyfikowanymi z chaosem i destrukcją a dążącymi do zaprowadzenia ładu społeczno-cywilizacyjnego. Przedmioty te mogły być świadectwem zachodzących procesów chrystianizacyjnych, ale też jednocześnie pełnić funkcję amuletu. Kontekst grobowy wskazuje, że w tej podwójnej roli zawieszki były wykorzystywane przez kobiety. Ich adresatami i odbiorcami hipotetycznie mogli być też wojownicy.","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83622127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Średniowieczne cmentarzysko kamienne w Siemienicach koło Kutna","authors":"R. Liwoch","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.36.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.36.03","url":null,"abstract":"W Muzeum Archeologicznym w Krakowie pod nrami inwentarzowymi MAK/3478, 3664, 4255 przechowywane jest wyposażenie z grobów w Siemienicach koło Kutna: miniaturowy topór z brązu (typ II wg N. A. Makarova, import z Rusi, związany z kultem św. Olafa), dwa żelazne groty włóczni (typy IV i V wg A. Nadolskiego), żeleźce topora (typ Vc wg A. Nadolskiego), żelazne fragmenty obręczy i kabłąk (elementy wiadra klepkowego) oraz miniaturowe naczynie gliniane (z cylindryczną szyjką). Obiekty z Siemienic zaliczały się do grobów kamiennych (pochówki szkieletowe przykryte brukiem składające się zwykle na kamienne cmentarzyska). Można je datować na schyłkową fazę kultury drużynnej (2. połowa XI – początek XII w.).","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82442878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zespół dworsko-folwarczny w Kutnie w świetle inwentarza z 1695 roku","authors":"Janusz Pietrzak","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.36.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.36.20","url":null,"abstract":"Przekazy źródłowe dotyczące dziejów Kutna w okresie poprzedzającym schyłek XVIII w. nie są zbyt liczne. Dodatkowo zaledwie w kilku z nich znaleźć można informacje o funkcjonującej tam wówczas siedzibie pańskiej. Najwięcej mówią nam o nich trzy przekazy – jeden pochodzący z 1503 (lub 1502) oraz dwa z 1695 r. Z pierwszego dowiadujemy się, iż z jedną z dwu włości, na jakie podzielone było wówczas miasto związana była curia seu fortalicio, a więc obiekt obronno-rezydencjonalny. Z kolei drugi (1695) przynosi nam obszerny opis położonego nad brzegiem rzeki Ochnia założenia dworsko-folwarcznego, sporządzony w kilka lat po przejęciu go przez Zamoyskich, a trzeci (także 1695) uzupełnia go o wiadomości odnoszące się do prac remontowych i budowlanych prowadzonych tam pod koniec XVII w.","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"83 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78108371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modern Wooden Coffins – A Biography of Things","authors":"M. Majorek","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.35.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.35.03","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the issue of a biography of a coffin from the perspective of biographical events common to many modern artefacts from the Polish territory. The aim was to identify past and present functions by determining the life cycle of a coffin: from its manufacturing (determination of its manufacturer and recipient; manufacturing techniques; the shape; the size; ornamentation) through ‘participation’ in a funeral ceremony, including transportation of the dead to the church, viewing, inhumation, the period of ‘concealment’, to its revival (e.g. as a museum exhibit). It was determined that at each stage of its ‘life’, the coffin served informative and protective purposes. Additionally, at the stage of its revival, it serves an important verification and identification function from the perspective of researchers in the field. Moreover, preservation of individual burials in coffins and crypts promotes sacral tourism; coffins in the church space have enormous exhibition potential that can be used to build a national and local community.","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73507208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modern Shoe Buckles from Archaeological Research in Gniew and Piaseczno (Pomerania Province, Poland)","authors":"A. Kulesz, J. Michalik","doi":"10.18778/0208-6034.35.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.35.10","url":null,"abstract":"During archaeological research carried out from 2009 to 2016 in the Church of St. Nicholas in Gniew, a set of three metal buckles was found. Then, in 2017, excavations were conducted in crypts of the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the village of Piaseczno, in the Gniew District. Two other pairs of buckles were uncovered at this site. All the buckles found differ considerably. Thanks to this, one can get an impression that apart from holding the shoe on the foot, they also served decorative purposes. One can distinguish two main types of buckles: those made of iron and those made of a copper alloy. The latter, considering ornaments, could be more valuable than their iron counterparts. Regardless of the alloy used, manufacturing techniques differed, some of which were those used in the case of buckles from Gniew and Piaseczno: wire forging, cutting out of thick metal sheet, and folding thin metal sheet. \u0000On account of their jewellery-like character, this small collection of buckles discussed could be bequeathed, while most grave shoes were only fastened with tailor’s pins or put on the feet of the dead without fastening. This practice particularly concerned shoes with textile uppers, which mostly meant women’s shoes. It may suggest that the items in question were rather owned by men. The buckles described could be thus elements of the everyday attire. \u0000Issues connected with a formal and typological interpretation of the buckles found indicate interpretive problems faced by archaeologists dealing with these aspects of costume studies. Modern shoes, due to the scarcity of artefacts in archaeological collections, remain mysterious and puzzling objects.","PeriodicalId":52871,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Archaeologica","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84762373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}