Nepalese Medical Journal最新文献_第9页

Pattern of Lymphadenopathy on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Kathmandu 加德满都一家三级医院细针穿刺细胞学检查淋巴结病变的模式

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-02 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v1i2.21592

A. Shrestha, Shova Kunwar, B. Aryal, A. Adhikari, A. Poudel

{"title":"Pattern of Lymphadenopathy on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Kathmandu","authors":"A. Shrestha, Shova Kunwar, B. Aryal, A. Adhikari, A. Poudel","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v1i2.21592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v1i2.21592","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is a relatively simple, inexpensive and rapid diagnostic procedure for identifying cause of lymphadenopathy without need for surgical procedures. This study aims to explain the pattern of lymphadenopathy seen on fine needle aspiration cytology in a tertiary level hospital in KathmanduMaterials and Methods: This study was conducted at Shree Birendra Hospital Nepal. Cases of lymph node FNAC done in the years 2073 and 2074 BS were included in the study. The cases were classified into reactive lymphadenitis, granulomatous lymphadenitis, tubercular lymphadenitis, lymphomas, leukemias, and metastases.Results: A total of 215 patients were included in the study, ranging in age from 2 to 84 years, out of which 98 were female and 117 were male. Reactive lymphadenitis was the most common diagnosis (n=126; 58.6%), followed by granulomatous lymphadenitis (n=34; 15.8%) and tubercular lymphadenitis (n=18; 8.4%). There were 18 cases of metastatic malignancies, 15 cases of suppurative lymphadenitis, and 2 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma and 2 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Conclusions: Reactive lymphadenitis is the most common type of lymphadenopathy encountered in FNAC, while in the elderly, metastases are more common.","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78949785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Its Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis; Not Cirrhosis At All 先天性肝纤维化;根本不是肝硬化

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-02 DOI: 10.3126/NMJ.V1I2.21624

A. Shrestha, M. Al‐Mahtab, S. Rahman, J. Sarkar, T. Lama

引用次数: 1

Clostridium Difficile 艰难梭菌

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-06-22 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20400

S. Adhikari

{"title":"Clostridium Difficile","authors":"S. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20400","url":null,"abstract":"Clostridium difficile ; a group of spore forming, toxin forming, gram positive anerobel is implicated in hospital associated diarrhea and is the causative agent of infectious diarrhea. It is the most common hospital associated infection in Europe and North America, and is presumed to be as prevalent in the rest of the world.There has been emergence of new virulent strain of C. difficile, identified as BI, NAP1, and toxinotype III and ribotype 027 (subsequently known as BI/NAP1/027) by various typing method in recent years, implicated in dramatic increase in C. difficile infections.Diagnosis is established by presence of C. difficile toxin or C. difficile toxin gene in stool. Lab testing does not distinguish C. difficile infection and asymptomatic carriage. Clinical suspicion and positive stool study confirms a diagnosis.Clostridium Difficile infection, is most common health care associated infection in Europe and North America, and the available studies show it may have similar prevalence in Nepal. Literature review does not reveal any significant study being conducted in Nepal as of now. It warrants further study to exactly determine the incidence/prevalence and its impact in current health care in Nepal. Clinicians need increased awareness and prompt diagnosis to reduce morbidity and further prevention of transmission.Nepalese Medical Journal, vol.1, No. 1, 2018, page: 43-47","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75664641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Demographic Profile and Risk Factors for Dry Eye 干眼症的人口特征和危险因素

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-06-22 DOI: 10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20391

P. Basnet, Anjila Basnet, Poojyashree Karki

{"title":"Demographic Profile and Risk Factors for Dry Eye","authors":"P. Basnet, Anjila Basnet, Poojyashree Karki","doi":"10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20391","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dry eye is a disorder of the tear film which occurs due to tear deficiency or excessive tear evaporation. It causes damage to the interpalpebral ocular surface and is associated with a variety of symptoms reflecting ocular discomfort.Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based retrospective descriptive study conducted to study the demography of dry eye patients and associated attributable risk factors for the disease. Every patient presenting with symptoms suggestive of dry eye was given a questionnaire, as per Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study and thorough ocular examination was done along with two tests for dry eye i.e Schirmer test I measuring less than 10mm and Tear film break up time measuring less than 10 sec. Final data analysis was done using statistical tool SPSS.Results: Demographic profile revealed a female preponderance in the patients with a ratio of 1.9:1. Amongst them, prevalence of premenopausal age was 53%. Dry eye was found to be more common in age group between 30 to 40 years (29%). The modifiable attributable risk factors were urban residence (67%), exposure to air condition and computer user (52%), indoor workers (59%), and environmental pollutants (60%).Conclusions: This study revealed the patients who presented with dry eye were mostly female of premenopausal age group, and exposed to modifiable risk factors which included residing at urban areas, indoor work, and exposure to environmental pollutants. Nepalese Medical Journal. vol.1, No. 1, 2018, page: 9-11","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90654940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occupational Dermatosis 职业性皮肤病

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-06-22 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20395

R. Shrestha, M. Basukala

{"title":"Occupational Dermatosis","authors":"R. Shrestha, M. Basukala","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20395","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Occupational dermatosis is defined as any pathological condition of the skin for which job exposure can be shown to be a major direct or contributory factor. The commonest occupational dermatosis is a work-related contact dermatitis. The aim of the study was to find the pattern and diagnosis of occupational dermatosis in our community as no such study has been carried out in Nepal.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study of 70 ambulatory patients with work-related dermatoses presented to the Dermatology Department of Kist medical. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, on lifestyle and temporal factor, the type of contact dermatitis, location and etiological factors were gathered through a structured questionnaire.Results: More females (n=39; 60%) cases were affected by contact dermatitis compared to men (n=31; 40%), without a significant difference (p=0.5). Most of our patients belonged to the age group of 20-39 years accounting to 38 cases (54%). The mean age of patients was 34 years old (16 – 70 year), with 49 (70%) of them living in urban area and 21 (30%) living in rural area, (p<0.05). Regarding the dermatological diagnosis the most common occupational disease was irritant contact dermatitis (n=29; 41.4%), allergic dermatitis (n=19; 27.1%), dermatophytosis (n=13; 18.6 %), photoallergic (n=6; 8.6%) and miscellaneous in 3 (4.3%) cases.Conclusions: Irritant contact dermatitis is more common than allergic contact dermatitis. Occupational dermatitis can cause significant morbidity and most cases are encountered in the younger age group. Therefore use of protective clothes, gloves should be advised to those vulnerable occupations.Nepalese Medical Journal, vol.1, No. 1, 2018, Page: 24-28","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90815706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Baclofen Toxicity in a Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5D Patient 巴氯芬在慢性肾病5D期患者中的毒性

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-06-22 DOI: 10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20403

Sarju Raj Singh, M. Dhakal, S. Thapa, S. Khakurel

引用次数: 0

Nutritional Status of Out-patient Hemodialysis Patients in a Hospital-based Hemodialysis Centre in Nepal 尼泊尔一家医院血液透析中心门诊血液透析患者的营养状况

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-06-22 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20392

R. Khadka, N. Basnet, R. Kafle

{"title":"Nutritional Status of Out-patient Hemodialysis Patients in a Hospital-based Hemodialysis Centre in Nepal","authors":"R. Khadka, N. Basnet, R. Kafle","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v1i1.20392","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Malnutrition is common among patients on chronic hemodialysis and is a risk factor. Nutritional assessment ensures early recognition and appropriate intervention. Dietary interview, physical and anthropometric measurements, biochemical assessment, bio-impedance, and structured assessment tools like subjective global assessment are modalities for identifying and monitoring of nutritional assessment of hemodialysis patients. This study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients and identify various factors related to malnutrition.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 72 chronic hemodialysis patients at a hemodialysis unit in Lalitpur was done. Detailed dietary and personal interview, anthropometric measurements, biochemical assessment, and subjective global assessment were used to collect the data to determine the prevalence of malnutrition among the hemodialysis patients as well as identify various factors related.Results: Malnutrition was prevalent among the respondents. The respondents were mostly male with average age of 50.2 1.9 years and majority being on hemodialysis for more than two years. Though severe malnutrition was absent among the hemodialysis patients assessed, mild to moderate malnutrition was seen in 52.78%. Most of these patients were female and were of older age group. Patients who had malnutrition had experienced a significant weight loss in previous six months. Anthropometric profile, dietary habits, and biochemical profile did not correlate with occurrence of malnutrition in hemodialysis patients.Conclusions: Malnutrition is fairly prevalent in chronic hemodialysis patients which can be identified by subjective global assessment. Elderly patients and patients who are losing weight are risk factors for mild to moderate malnutrition.Nepalese Medical Journal, vol.1, No. 1, 2018, Page: 12-16","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82722638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Placental Pathology in Severe Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia 重度先兆子痫和子痫的胎盘病理

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-06-22 DOI: 10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20397

K. Ojha, S. Rawal, A. Jha

{"title":"Placental Pathology in Severe Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia","authors":"K. Ojha, S. Rawal, A. Jha","doi":"10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20397","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy contribute significantly to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Since placenta is the functional unit between the mother and fetus examination of placenta can give an idea about prenatal experience of fetus. The aim is to observe the morphology and histopathology of placenta in pregnancy with severe preeclampsia / eclampsia between 20-42 weeks of gestation.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Pathology at Institute of Medicine, Tribhuwan University Teaching Hospital, TUTH for one year, starting from 15th May 2015 - 14th May 2016. A total 55 placentas, 48 of severe preeclampsia and 7 of eclampsia were collected and placental morphometric parameters, gross and histopathological features were examined.Results: It was found that placental morphometric parameters were significantly reduced. Histopathological study showed significant number of syncytial knots, areas of fibrinoid necrosis, hyalinization and calcification. These placental findings were associated with significantly decreased weight of fetus at birth.Conclusions: Preeclampsia and eclampsia cause significant placental morphometric and histological changes which in turn adversely affects neonatal birth weight.Nepalese Medical Journal, vol.1, No. 1, 2018, page: 32-35","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88996345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Sleep-disordered Breathing in Uncontrolled Blood Pressure: Our Experience 睡眠呼吸紊乱，血压失控:我们的经验

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-06-22 DOI: 10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20398

Milesh Jung Sijapati, M. Pandey, N. Khadka, Poojyashree Karki

{"title":"Sleep-disordered Breathing in Uncontrolled Blood Pressure: Our Experience","authors":"Milesh Jung Sijapati, M. Pandey, N. Khadka, Poojyashree Karki","doi":"10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20398","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing is one of the greatest health problems. It comprises of obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, periodic breathing, and upper airway resistance syndrome. There are several studies reporting association of uncontrolled blood pressurewith individuals having sleep disordered breathing. Data regarding this were sparse in developing countries. Therefore this study was performed to find out the sleep-disordered breathing among uncontrolled hypertensive patients.Materials and Methods: Study was performed from January, 2014 to January, 2017 in sleep center in Kathmandu, Nepal. Patient with uncontrolled BP were included. Uncontrolled BP was defined as blood pressure>130/80mmHg not on intensive antihypertensive regimen and resistant elevated BP was defined as blood pressure >130/80 mmHg despite intensive antihypertensive regimen. These patients were subjected for polysomnography.Results: Three hundred patients were selected out of which 250 patients with uncontrolled blood pressure were included. They were subjected for overnight polysomnography. Among them, 70patients (28%)were found to have mild obstructive sleep apnea, 20 patients had moderate obstructive sleep apnea (8%)&15 had severe obstructive sleep apnea (6%).Conclusions: This study concludes that those individuals having uncontrolled blood pressure has obstructive sleep apnea and these individuals have to undergo polysomnography.Nepalese Medical Journal, vol.1, No. 1, 2018, page: 36-38","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90689201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Uterine Cervix-Benign Histomorphological Spectrum 子宫颈-良性组织形态学谱

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2018-06-22 DOI: 10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20389

S. Basnet, S. Kc, G. Kc

{"title":"Uterine Cervix-Benign Histomorphological Spectrum","authors":"S. Basnet, S. Kc, G. Kc","doi":"10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/NMJ.V1I1.20389","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Non neoplastic lesions of cervix form a wide variety of lesions in the cervical biopsy specimen or hysterectomy specimens. Chronic cervicitis is the commonest finding; but can be associated with other underlying pathologies. In our study we aim to study and categorize the morphology of non neoplastic lesions of cervix in cervical biopsy specimen or hysterectomy specimens into inflammatory, reparative or reactive lesions, glandular hyperplasia, metaplasia and ectopies and benign neoplasm.Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study that consisted of 520 slides retrieved from the records of department of histopathology KIST medical college. Whenever required block were retrieved and recut sections were made. All the benign lesions were included in the study.Results: The commonest lesions diagnosed were inflammatory, reparative or reactive changes 513 (98.6%) cases, followed by metaplastic changes 311 (59.8%) and glandular hyperplasia in 44 cases (8.4%). Benign neoplasms were seen in 33(6.3%) cases.Conclusions: Cervix is a target organ for varieties of neoplastic and non neoplastic diseases. There are many benign mimics of malignant cervical lesions. It may be difficult to interpret adequately in a small biopsy specimen however it is necessary to distinguish between these benign lesions and their mimics to prevent unnecessary inappropriate treatment to the patient.Nepalese Medical Journal. vol.1, No. 1, 2018, Page : 1-4","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75570028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0