Nepalese Medical Journal最新文献_第4页

Spectrum and Presentation of Urinary Bladder Growth: a Single-Center Retrospective Study 膀胱生长的光谱和表现:一项单中心回顾性研究

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v4i2.42055

D. Paudel, H. Regmi, U. Bajracharya, G. K. Shrestha

{"title":"Spectrum and Presentation of Urinary Bladder Growth: a Single-Center Retrospective Study","authors":"D. Paudel, H. Regmi, U. Bajracharya, G. K. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v4i2.42055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v4i2.42055","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Urinary bladder cancers are heterogeneous diseases consisting of a divergent group of tumors. Diseases of the urinary bladder, both neoplastic and nonneoplastic contribute to notable mortality and morbidity. Histopathology remains the gold standard of diagnosis. Bladder transurethral resection of the tumor is a therapeutic procedure that ensures the material necessary for histopathological diagnosis because it allows assessment of the degree of differentiation, depth of tumor invasion, parameters useful in the elaboration of diagnosis and prognosis assessment \u0000Material and Methods: All the urinary bladder biopsies submitted in the pathology laboratory during 1 year time period were included in the study. \u0000Results: Among the 51 total cases in the study, the male to female ratio was 4.67:1 with the age group of 22-96 years. Among the study population, 30 (52.7%) presented with hematuria, 10 (19.2%) with burning micturition, frequent urination, and lower abdominal pain. In the study, 44 (86%) showed neoplastic lesions while 7(14%) remaining were non-neoplastic lesions. Infiltrative urothelial carcinoma with low and high grades was diagnosed in 23% (12/51) \u0000Conclusions: This study has revealed that neoplastic lesions are more common than non-neoplastic lesions. A great majority of neoplastic lesions are of urothelial origin. Majority of which are invasive urothelial neoplasm. All urothelial neoplasms are more common in males. Cystoscopic studies and biopsies help in the early detection of bladder neoplasms and they form the mainstay of the diagnosis and follow-up.","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78949087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Histomorphological Pattern of Malignant Skin Tumors – A Cross-sectional Study in a Teaching Hospital 某教学医院恶性皮肤肿瘤组织形态的横断面研究

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v4i2.41335

S. Thapa, A.R. Ghosh, Dilasma Ghartimagar, S. Regmi, A. Jhunjhunwala

{"title":"Histomorphological Pattern of Malignant Skin Tumors – A Cross-sectional Study in a Teaching Hospital","authors":"S. Thapa, A.R. Ghosh, Dilasma Ghartimagar, S. Regmi, A. Jhunjhunwala","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v4i2.41335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v4i2.41335","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The incidence of skin cancer is increasing exponentially around the world. This study aims to analyze different malignant skin tumors concerning age pattern, gender, and site-wise distribution. \u0000Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study carried out in the Department of Pathology, a tertiary care center for over ten years from April 2011 to March 2021. All malignant skin tumors arising from the epidermis along with melanocytic and adnexal tumors were included in the study. \u0000Results: A total of 208 cases of skin malignancies among which 117 (56.3%) cases were males and 91 (43.8%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Overall, the majority were seen in the sixth decade 49 (23.6%) with head and neck region 113 (54.3%) being the commonest site of involvement. Basal cell carcinoma 79 (38%) was the most frequent non-melanoma skin cancer followed by squamous cell carcinoma 75 (36.1%). A maximum number of basal cell carcinoma were observed in the sixth decade 19 (24.1%) whereas squamous cell carcinoma in the seventh decade 21 (28%) cases. Other skin cancers were malignant melanoma 31 (14.9%), verrucous carcinoma 13 (6.3%), trichilemmal carcinoma five (2.4%), sebaceous carcinoma two (1%), and one case each of eccrine carcinoma, malignant nodular hidradenoma, and malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor. \u0000Conclusions: Skin malignancies were seen in the sixth decade with male preponderance. Overall, the head and neck region was the commonest site of involvement. Basal cell carcinoma was the most frequent non-melanoma skin cancer followed by squamous cell carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82341792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An Analysis of Causes and Avoidable Factors of Perinatal Deaths at Tertiary Care Hospital 三级医院围产期死亡原因及可避免因素分析

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v4i1.36994

Sunita Bhandari, Y. Dwa, Riya Sharma

{"title":"An Analysis of Causes and Avoidable Factors of Perinatal Deaths at Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Sunita Bhandari, Y. Dwa, Riya Sharma","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v4i1.36994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v4i1.36994","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Perinatal deaths are potentially preventable and reflect the quality of care provided in the prenatal period, during labor, and to a newborn. The purpose of this study was to assess the causes and avoidable factors contributing to perinatal deaths in the year 2018-19 and compare these with the previous two years at Tertiary Care Hospital.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted from a retrospective analysis of all stillbirths and early neonatal deaths in the year July 2018 to July 2019. The Perinatal Mortality Rate, causes, and avoidable factors leading to perinatal deaths were analysed during this year and were compared with that of the previous two years at KIST Medical College and Teaching hospital.Results: PMR was 16.09 per 1000 births in the year 2018-19. Previous two studies at this hospital in the year 2017-18 and 2016-17 showed a Perinatal Mortality Rate of 14.61 and 16.27/1000 births respectively. The commonest primary cause of perinatal deaths was intrapartum hypoxia 6 (30%), preterm delivery 5 (31.25%), and congenital anomalies4 (19%) during the year 2018-19, 2017-18, and 2016-17 respectively. The most common avoidable factors identified were a maternal delay to seek health care, inadequate antenatal checkups, and inadequate antenatal counseling of danger signs by a service provider over the last three years.Conclusions: Maternal delay to seek health care and lack of maternal knowledge of danger signs during pregnancy were the common avoidable factors identified. More efforts should be made to raise awareness of pregnant women during antenatal care visits regarding early healthcare-seeking behavior when needed.","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83736188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diet Pattern and Dyslipidemia Among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Diagnosed More Tthan One Year Visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital 访问特里布万大学教学医院一年以上诊断为II型糖尿病患者的饮食模式和血脂异常

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37495

Samiksha Niroula, Rama Subba, Aarem Karkee

{"title":"Diet Pattern and Dyslipidemia Among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Diagnosed More Tthan One Year Visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital","authors":"Samiksha Niroula, Rama Subba, Aarem Karkee","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37495","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for coronary artery disease, a leading cause of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aims to study the dietary pattern and dyslipidemia of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital.\u0000Materials and Methods: Quantitative study was done to find out the dietary pattern and dyslipidemia of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed for more than one year were included in the study.\u0000Results: The percentage of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus was found to be 88.5%. Dyslipidemia was found to be significantly associated (p<0.05) with alcohol consumption, regular dietary management, sedentary behavior, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and hypertension. Dyslipidemia was also found to be significantly associated (p<0.05) with the dietary habit (vegetarian and non-vegetarian), consumption of cereals and its product, consumption of fruits, consumption of fast foods and street foods, consumption of red meat, and consumption of oilseeds.\u0000Conclusions: This study indicates the importance of dietary awareness and lifestyle modification for the management of dyslipidemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82660729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Profile of Ocular Diseases at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in Mid-Western Nepal 尼泊尔中西部三级眼科护理中心眼科疾病临床概况

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37847

P. Basnet, Sagun Malla, Deepa Sharma, R. Gautam

{"title":"Clinical Profile of Ocular Diseases at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in Mid-Western Nepal","authors":"P. Basnet, Sagun Malla, Deepa Sharma, R. Gautam","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37847","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nepal is a developing country where most of the population does not have access to proper health care services and on top of that eye care services do not reach the entire population. This study aimed to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity in patients attending the ophthalmic OPD of Rapti Academy of Health Sciences.\u0000Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology of Rapti Academy of Health Science, Dang. The study period was Poush 2077 to Chaitra 2077. All the patients visiting the OPD of the Ophthalmology department with an ocular problem were included in the study.\u0000Results: A total of 1000 patients were examined during the study period. The patient's ages below 1 year were excluded so a total of 970 samples was selected. In which 625 (64.4%) were female and 345 (35.6%) were male. Most patients 92.9% were from Dang followed by Rolpa 4.1%, Rukum 1.4%, Pyuthan 0.9%, and Salyan 0.6%. Patients were examined from all age groups except for 1 year which was excluded. Out of the total patients, a maximum number of patients were female and the maximum number of patients were in the age group of 21- 30 years and followed by more than or equal to 60 years age group.\u0000Conclusions: This study will help in obtaining epidemiology of Ocular disease for proper planning and management in the hospital.","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90608657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Causes of Blindness and Visual Impairment Among Children Studying in Schools for the Blind in Central Development Region of Nepal 尼泊尔中部发展区盲校儿童失明及视力受损的原因

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v5i1.42151

J. Shrestha, Pragati Gautam Adhikari, G. Shrestha

{"title":"Causes of Blindness and Visual Impairment Among Children Studying in Schools for the Blind in Central Development Region of Nepal","authors":"J. Shrestha, Pragati Gautam Adhikari, G. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v5i1.42151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v5i1.42151","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study was done to find out the causes of visual impairment in students studying in schools for the blind in the central development region of Nepal.\u0000Materials and Methods: The study was done in six schools for the blind in the central development region of Nepal. It was conducted by a team of Eye care professionals using standard eye examination protocols of the World Health Organization Prevention of Blindness Program in the year 2009.\u0000Results: A total of 133 students (5 - 21 years age group) enrolled in six schools for the blind were examined. 52.6% of children were visually impaired at birth and 12% developed vision impairment within one year of age. Twenty-one students (15.8%) had mild visual impairment, 5 students (3.8%) had severe visual impairment and 101 students (76%) were blind. The main cause of vision impairment was found to be lens-related anomaly 23.3% and retinal diseases, 18% followed by corneal lesions, 16.5%, and problems with the whole globe, optic nerve, and glaucoma accounting for 12.03%, 11.3%, and 7.5% respectively. The etiology could not be identified in 48.1% followed by hereditary causes (31.6%) and childhood factors (12%). Of the total students examined, 37.6% were visually impaired due to avoidable causes; preventable in 22.6% and treatable in 15% of cases.\u0000Conclusions: A high proportion of childhood blindness in schools for the blind in the central development region of Nepal is avoidable.","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76370286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Dietary Intervention Using Low-Carbohydrate Diet to Manage Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in TUTH Hospital, Nepal 尼泊尔TUTH医院采用低碳水化合物饮食干预治疗新诊断的2型糖尿病的效果

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v4i1.34710

Aarem Karkee, S. Singh, P. Shrestha, Nani Shova Shakya, S. Shrestha, Samiksha Niroula

{"title":"Effect of Dietary Intervention Using Low-Carbohydrate Diet to Manage Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in TUTH Hospital, Nepal","authors":"Aarem Karkee, S. Singh, P. Shrestha, Nani Shova Shakya, S. Shrestha, Samiksha Niroula","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v4i1.34710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v4i1.34710","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Low-carbohydrate diet is effective in improving blood glucose parameters, glycated hemoglobin A1c, weight, and waist circumference. The effectiveness of this diet is well accepted in America and the United Kingdom but in Nepal due to many preexisted misbeliefs regarding carbohydrates, we still have a carbohydrate-based diet for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Material and Methods: Fifty-four newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus without any treatment were selected for solely low-carbohydrate diet intervention (<130g carbohydrate) in the endocrinology unit of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu from March to August 2019. Antidiabetic medications were not used. Individualized diet plans and repeated counseling were given and followed for 3 months. Blood glucose (fasting and postprandial),glycated hemoglobin A1c, weight, and waist circumference were compared at entry and 3 months. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21.Results: The mean ± SD age was 44.77 ± 10.32. The mean body weight decreased by 4.52 ± 1.79 kg (p<0.001), mean waist circumference decreased by 7.85±0.72 cm (p<0.001), mean fasting blood glucose decreased from 10.44±3.52 mmol/L to 6.18±1.02 mmol/L (p<0.001), mean postprandial blood glucose decreased from 16.76±8.26 mmol/L to 8.26±1.66 mmol/L (p<0.001) and mean glycated hemoglobin A1c decreased by 2.38 ± 1.49 % (p<0.001) after 3months of low-carbohydrate diet intervention.Conclusions: The use of a low-carbohydrate diet may effectively produce glycemic control and decrease glycated hemoglobin A1c without medication in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Additionally, this diet may also help to lower weight and waist circumference in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83904314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utility of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as early predicter of severe acute biliary pancreatitis 中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值和血小板与淋巴细胞比值作为严重急性胆源性胰腺炎早期预测指标的应用

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37094

Surendra Shah, Sanjaya Paudyal, S. Maharjan, Shailendra Shah, J. Shah

{"title":"Utility of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as early predicter of severe acute biliary pancreatitis","authors":"Surendra Shah, Sanjaya Paudyal, S. Maharjan, Shailendra Shah, J. Shah","doi":"10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37094","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute severe pancreatitis is associated with increased mortality. Several scoring systems have been used to predict severe acute pancreatitis which are either time-consuming or calculated 48 hours after admission. This study was aimed to assess the utility of neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as an early predictor of severe acute biliary pancreatitis.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2017 to January 2020. Patients with non-biliary pancreatitis, referred after initial treatment, missed data, and acute pancreatitis with acute cholecystitis or cholangitis were excluded from the study. Data were collected from case sheets. Patients were divided into two groups according to the development of severe acute biliary pancreatitis based on the revised Atlanta Classification. Association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio with severe acute biliary pancreatitis was assessed using Mann Whitney U-test. p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Total 73 cases included in the study (males/females= 0.55). Sixty-six patients (90.4%) had mild/moderate acute biliary pancreatitis, and 7 (9.6%) patients had severe acute biliary pancreatitis. There was a development of complications in 7 (9.6%) patients who had severe acute biliary pancreatitis including one mortality. The mean neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet to lymphocyte ratio were high in the severe acute biliary pancreatitis group compared to the nonsevere acute biliary pancreatitis group, however, these differences were not statistically significant.Conclusions: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio cannot predict severe acute biliary pancreatitis.","PeriodicalId":52856,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Medical Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90409786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Covid-19 in Nepal: Governance and its Implication on Public Health Measures 尼泊尔的Covid-19:治理及其对公共卫生措施的影响

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v4i1.38463

A. T. Sherpa, T. Sherpa

引用次数: 1

A Rare Presentation of Acquired Port Wine Stain in an Elderly Male 一例老年男性罕见的获得性葡萄酒色斑

Nepalese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/nmj.v4i1.36714

P. Jha, S. Singh

引用次数: 0