African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Exercise and the lungs: From physiology to pathophysiology - a narrative review.","authors":"N K Wills, R Raine, L Gordon, R N van Zyl-Smit","doi":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2026.v32i1.3985","DOIUrl":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2026.v32i1.3985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise represents a dynamic integration of rapidly activated respiratory, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal responses to meet rising metabolic demands. While the human body has a remarkable ability for exertion and endurance, in disease states, and particularly in respiratory disease, these mechanisms are often compromised, resulting in dyspnoea and reduced exercise tolerance. This review outlines normal exercise physiology, including cardiac, ventilatory and skeletal muscle adaptations to enhance oxygen uptake and delivery to working muscle, and examines how these are altered in conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension. Key management considerations are highlighted to support and optimise functional capacity in patients suffering from these conditions. The unique challenges of exercise, with and without respiratory disease, in specific contexts - including underwater diving, high altitude exposure, and pregnancy - are also discussed. We briefly review policies and prohibitions on medications for competitive athletes with respiratory disease, where adherence to anti-doping regulations, especially regarding inhaled beta-agonists and corticosteroids, is crucial. Overall, understanding the physiological basis for exercise limitation enables clinicians to be more effective in their assessment, therapeutic intervention and counselling for patients seeking to maintain activity and quality of life despite respiratory compromise.</p>","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":"e3985"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13277383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dupilumab, Asthma, and Lymphoma - Signal or Surveillance Bias?","authors":"M F Abdullah","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":"e5062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13277378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seven-year surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in respiratory pathogens at a Ugandan referral hospital: Emerging trends and stewardship priorities.","authors":"J Bazira, C N Nakimuli, P P Nalumaga, S Kawuma, D Zziwa, J Stanely Iramiot","doi":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3495","DOIUrl":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory tract infections remain a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Their management is increasingly complicated by the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in resource-limited settings such as Uganda.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the prevalence, distribution and AMR patterns of bacterial pathogens isolated from respiratory tract specimens collected at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH), Uganda, between 2018 and 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 583 bacterial isolates from respiratory specimens collected at MRRH between 2018 and 2024. Data extracted from the WHONET system were analysed using Python to assess pathogen distribution, resistance patterns and multidrug resistance (MDR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (48.9%) and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (32.9%) were the most frequently isolated organisms. Over time, <i>S. pneumoniae</i> prevalence declined, while <i>K. pneumoniae</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> became more prominent. High resistance was observed to tetracyclines, macrolides, sulphonamides and beta-lactams. MDR was detected in 74.7% of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> and 77.1% of <i>Klebsiella</i> species.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The rising prevalence of MDR among respiratory pathogens, particularly <i>K. pneumoniae</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, signals an urgent need to revise treatment guidelines and strengthen local stewardship, diagnostic capacity and AMR surveillance systems.</p><p><strong>Study synopsis: </strong><b>What the study adds.</b> This study investigated the clinical and microbial characteristics of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in patients at a tertiary hospital in Uganda between 2018 and 2024. Key findings were a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms, particularly <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>.<b>Implications of the findings.</b> The results underscore the need for routine microbial surveillance and antibiotic stewardship to guide empirical therapy and curb antimicrobial resistance, especially in RTIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"31 4","pages":"e3495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognising RSV infection in adults: The role of recently-developed vaccines.","authors":"Charles Feldman","doi":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.4701","DOIUrl":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.4701","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"31 4","pages":"e2724"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical and chest radiographic features of respiratory syncytial virus-associated severe respiratory illness in hospitalised adults in South Africa, 2022 - 2023.","authors":"N Goolam, J Naude, K Bishop, M Zunza, E Irusen, J Moyes, C Cohen, S Walaza, A Parker","doi":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3539","DOIUrl":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In most healthy adults, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes mild self-limiting respiratory infection. However, vulnerable populations may present differently or have more complicated courses of disease.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the clinical and radiographic features of adults hospitalised with RSV-associated severe respiratory illness (SRI) in two urban hospitals during 2022 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled through systematic sentinel surveillance for SRI. Clinical characteristics and radiographic profiles of RSV-infected adults were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen (2%) of 916 enrolled hospitalised patients with SRI tested positive for RSV at the two hospitals. Other pathogens detected included SARS-CoV-2 (n=69/916; 8%), influenza (n=49/916; 5%) and pertussis (n=10/916; 1%). The median (range) age was 50 (35 - 75) years, and 12 (67%) were female. All had at least one comorbidity, including immunocompromising conditions (n=15/18; 83%), metabolic conditions (n=8/18; 44%), structural lung disease (n=12/18; 66%) and cardiovascular conditions (n=3/18; 16%). Among persons living with HIV (n=11/18; 61%), 72% (n=8/11) had suppressed HIV viral loads, and 9/11 (81%) had CD4 counts <250 cells/µL. Median (range) length of hospital stay was 4.5 (1 - 15) days. All patients received empirical antibiotics, intravenously in 12/18 (66%); only 5/12 (41%) de-escalated to oral antibiotics. Radiographic findings demonstrated post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) in 50% of patients (n=9/18), of whom 11 (61%) had new ground-glass opacifications, with lobar v. diffuse in 55% (n=6/11) v. 45% (n=5/11).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high prevalence of underlying conditions in adults with RSV-associated SRI, specifically HIV and PTLD, suggests that targeted vaccination in these groups may prevent hospitalisation with RSV-associated SRI.</p><p><strong>Study synopsis: </strong><b>What the study adds.</b> This study identified a distinct clinical and radiographic profile of adults hospitalised with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated severe respiratory illness in South Africa, where HIV infection, post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) and polysubstance induced lung damage were the predominant comorbidities, unlike traditional cardiometabolic risk profiles seen elsewhere. It also found characteristic chest radiographic features such as lobar and diffuse ground-glass opacifications in these patients.<b>Implications of the findings.</b> The findings suggest the need to expand RSV vaccination recommendation protocols to include younger adults with HIV and PTLD. They also highlight the importance of improving antimicrobial stewardship and developing better diagnostic tools to differentiate viral from bacterial infections. These findings are crucial in our high burden of disease setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"31 4","pages":"e3539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of spirometric reference equations for detecting obstructive airway disease in South African children.","authors":"Sandra Kwarteng Owusu","doi":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.4700","DOIUrl":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.4700","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"31 4","pages":"e4629"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Direct Observation of Procedural Skills as a workplace‑based assessment tool for residents working in an intensive care unit.","authors":"N Nazir, B Bhandari, S Gupta, A Saxena, R Singh, G Sinha","doi":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3120","DOIUrl":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) is a workplace-based assessment tool where the student is directly observed by the assessor during the procedure in an actual clinical situation, followed by immediate feedback.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To introduce DOPS as an assessment tool for ultrasound-guided central venous catheter insertion by residents (registrars) working in an intensive care unit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-methods study design was used for assessment (two sessions) using a pre-validated DOPS checklist for scoring 25 residents. Feedback was obtained from faculty members and residents after the second session using an anonymous questionnaire, and the satisfaction index was calculated for each item.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With the implementation of DOPS, a significant improvement in the second session score in comparison with the first session was observed (p<0.001). This improvement can be attributed to use of the DOPS checklist, deconstruction of steps and provision of immediate constructive feedback, which helped to cover all the aspects of the procedure in a systematic manner. The overall perception of the residents as assessed by the feedback questionnaire was satisfactory, with most of them feeling that the assessment by DOPS was unbiased and that constructive feedback positively impacted on their learning process, making it more engaging and interesting. The satisfaction index for all the items was ≥88%. Faculty members were also satisfied with DOPS as a formative assessment tool.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DOPS promotes active and deep learning with effective assessment methods. It can improve teaching and training if there is commitment from all stakeholders and a supportive organisation.</p><p><strong>Study synopsis: </strong><b>What the study adds.</b> This study demonstrates that Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) can be effectively implemented as a formative workplace-based assessment (WBPA) tool for residents (registrars) performing ultrasound-guided central venous catheter insertion in an intensive care unit. Use of DOPS with structured feedback using the Pendleton model led to significant improvement in procedural competence and confidence. Both residents and faculty members perceived DOPS as an objective, valid and engaging method of assessment.<b>Implications of the findings.</b> The study indicates that introducing DOPS as a WPBA tool is an effective and engaging way to encourage residents to adopt correct practices of procedural skills, as reflected by the largely positive responses from both the residents and faculty members. The implications of this project will be the educational and quality assurance impact of DOPS implementation in resident training.</p>","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"31 4","pages":"e3120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of spirometric reference equations for detecting obstructive airway disease in South African children: A cohort study.","authors":"T L Mkhize, L B Zurba, R Masekela","doi":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3189","DOIUrl":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3189","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Accurate diagnosis of obstructive lung disease in paediatric populations depends on the use of spirometry reference equations that reflect the regional and ethnic diversity of the population studied.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the diagnostic variability between the Global Lung Initiative 2012 (GLI&lt;sub&gt;2012&lt;/sub&gt; ) and Polgar reference equations in a multi-ethnic cohort of South African (SA) children.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective cohort study analysed spirometry data from 171 children, aged 6 - 18 years, attending a paediatric pulmonology clinic in Durban, SA, from January 2012 to December 2021. Key spirometry parameters (forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; /FVC ratio) were calculated using both the GLI&lt;sub&gt;2012&lt;/sub&gt; and Polgar reference equations. Diagnostic outcomes across ethnic groups were compared to assess the variability and potential diagnostic implications of each reference standard.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Comparison of spirometry outcomes using the GLI&lt;sub&gt;2012&lt;/sub&gt; and Polgar reference equations revealed diagnostic variability across ethnic groups. GLI&lt;sub&gt;2012&lt;/sub&gt; identified a higher rate of obstructive lung disease, with abnormality rates of 24.6% among white children, 0.6% among black African children and 2.3% among Asian children, compared with Polgar, which reported rates of 23.9%, 0% and 1.6%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in FEV&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; /FVC ratios before and after administration of a bronchodilator between the two reference equations (mean (standard deviation) pre-bronchodilator FEV&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; /FVC ratio 0.86 (0.06) for both equations; post-bronchodilator ratio 0.88 (0.09) for GLI&lt;sub&gt;2012&lt;/sub&gt; and 0.85 (0.09) for Polgar (p=0.023)). There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of children diagnosed with obstructive lung disease by age or ethnicity when comparing GLI&lt;sub&gt;2012&lt;/sub&gt; with Polgar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study underscores the diagnostic variability that arises from using global spirometry reference equations in a multi-ethnic paediatric population, particularly in SA. Future studies should include a more diverse ethnic representation to enhance data relevance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study synopsis: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;b&gt;What the study adds.&lt;/b&gt; This study reveals significant variability in rates of paediatric obstructive lung disease across ethnic groups in South Africa, emphasising discrepancies between the Global Lung Initiative 2012 and Polgar reference equations. It underscores the limitations of non-region-specific lung function standards, which may result in misclassification and inconsistent diagnoses in diverse populations.&lt;b&gt;Implications of the findings.&lt;/b&gt; Developing African-specific reference standards is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective clinical interventions. Future longitudinal ","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"31 4","pages":"e3189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between D-dimers and in-hospital all-cause mortality in COVID-19 patients at a tertiary hospital in South Africa: A retrospective study.","authors":"J Matimba, T Ellis, E S Grossman, A Goolam Mahomed","doi":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3320","DOIUrl":"10.7196/AJTCCM.2025.v31i4.3320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID‑19 pandemic was caused by the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus. Many studies have shown that D‑dimer levels were elevated in patients hospitalised for severe COVID‑19, and that they served as a marker of poor prognosis with increased mortality in this subpopulation. There is a paucity of data on the prognostic value of D‑dimer levels during the COVID‑19 pandemic in the African population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the relationship between elevated D‑dimer levels on admission and in‑hospital mortality associated with COVID‑19. The study also examined the sociodemographics of the study population, clinical characteristics, length of hospital stay and outcomes, stratified by D‑dimer levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational review of COVID‑19 patients admitted via acute medical admissions at Livingstone Tertiary Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa, was conducted between 1 October 2020 and 30 September 2021, using the national COVID‑19 hospital surveillance (DATCOV) database. D‑dimer levels that were measured within 48 hours of admission and patient outcomes (discharge and in‑hospital all‑cause mortality) were analysed. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 423 patients with COVID‑19, 267 (63.1%) had elevated D‑dimer levels (>0.5 µg/mL) and 156 (36.9%) had normal D‑dimer levels (≤0.5 µg/mL). Of the 267 with elevated D‑dimer levels, 113 (42.3%) died during their hospital stay, whereas of the 156 with normal D‑dimer levels, 38 (24.4%) died in hospital. D‑dimer levels ≥1.1 µg/mL were associated with increased in‑hospital all‑cause mortality (odds ratio (OR) 2.717; p<0.001). Patients with D‑dimer levels between 1.1 and 2 µg/mL were 2.3 times more likely to die in hospital compared with patients who had a normal D‑dimer level (OR 2.311; p=0.005), and patients with D‑dimer levels >2.0 µg/mL were three times more likely to die in hospital compared with patients with levels ≤0.5 µg/mL (OR 3.047; p<0.001). Apart from elevated D‑dimer levels, age ≥70 years (OR 4.112; p<0.001), the presence of at least one comorbidity (OR 3.638; p<0.001), and specifically hypertension as a comorbidity (OR 3.224; p<0.001), were also found to be significantly associated with increased in‑hospital COVID‑19 mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated D‑dimer levels on admission were associated with increased COVID‑19 in‑hospital all‑cause mortality (OR 2.279; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Study synopsis: </strong><b>What the study adds.</b> This study aimed to evaluate whether an elevated D‑dimer level on admission was associated with in‑hospital mortality in COVID‑19 patients in Africa, specifically in the Eastern Cape region of South Africa.<b>Implications of the findings.</b> D‑dimers may be a helpful biomarker in risk stratification of COVID‑19 patients. The study may stimulate further research and guidance in the management of future COVID‑19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"31 4","pages":"e3320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Big Hitter in Pulmonology: Professor Christoph Lange.","authors":"Keertan Dheda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52847,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"31 4","pages":"e2723"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}