Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology最新文献

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Pathological Basis of Imaging in Hepatocellular Carcinoma 肝细胞癌影像学的病理基础
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764310
S. Sen, A. Gehani, P. Ghosh, Anurima Patra, Sumit Mukhopadhyay, Aditi Chandra, D. Lingegowda, J. Khoda, A. Chatterjee
{"title":"Pathological Basis of Imaging in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"S. Sen, A. Gehani, P. Ghosh, Anurima Patra, Sumit Mukhopadhyay, Aditi Chandra, D. Lingegowda, J. Khoda, A. Chatterjee","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764310","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of liver cancer with major risk factors being chronic liver disease (CLD) including chronic liver inflammation, steatohepatitis and certain viral infections (Hepatitis B and C). Due to the poor prognosis, early detection is key for effective management. Imaging of HCC has developed over the years with specificity as high as 95%. The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) provides a standardized reporting format that can be followed by radiologists and clinicians alike. This article focuses on the pathological basis of imaging observations described in the LI-RADS lexicon. A clear understanding of the pathological basis of imaging will help the radiologist to be more confident to resolve unequivocal observations apart from achieving a high degree of specificity in the diagnosis of HCC.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"160 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88455634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Imaging Features of Rare Hepatic Tumors 罕见肝肿瘤的影像学特征
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764402
R. Vikram, A. Sarna, Nir Stanietzky
{"title":"Imaging Features of Rare Hepatic Tumors","authors":"R. Vikram, A. Sarna, Nir Stanietzky","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764402","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hepatic lesions are commonly encountered in radiology practice. Lesions with classic imaging findings such as hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, hemangiomas, focal nodular hyperplasia, and adenomas are well described in literature and easily diagnosed by most experienced radiologists. In the appropriate context, metastases, which are one of the most common lesions encountered by radiologists who practice in predominantly cancer care settings, are also easily diagnosed. However, one may encounter rarer neoplasms which may be challenging to diagnose and manage. Often, these lesions have overlapping imaging features with those of the common lesions mentioned above. Diagnosis of these rarer tumors would require not only interpreting the images in the context of patient's demographics and clinical presentation but also recognizing the unique imaging features of these tumors. The literature is sparse in describing the radiological appearances of these tumors. Diagnosis based solely on imaging criteria is not advised in these instances. Histological confirmation or other prudent follow-up strategies are necessary for confirmation of imaging findings and interpretation. In this article, we will describe known imaging features of a few rarer primary malignant and benign neoplasms in the liver.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"4 1","pages":"227 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87891465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Multiple Small Bowel Intussusceptions in the setting of Anabolic Steroid Use 使用合成代谢类固醇后多发性小肠肠套叠
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1763482
A. Davies, Michael Sangiorgio, Ashwin Patwardhan
{"title":"Multiple Small Bowel Intussusceptions in the setting of Anabolic Steroid Use","authors":"A. Davies, Michael Sangiorgio, Ashwin Patwardhan","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1763482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1763482","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Adult intussusception is a rare phenomenon and often provides a unique diagnostic challenge, typically involving extensive investigation to rule out sinister pathology. We present the case of a healthy 28-year-old male, who presented with symptoms suggestive of small bowel obstruction. Computed tomography displayed evidence of a small bowel intussusception; however, thorough investigation was unremarkable, besides a marked polycythemia. The patient represented several months later with another bowel obstruction, at which time he disclosed the regular use of androgenous anabolic steroids (AAS), which are recognized to induce polycythemia. AAS increase the risk of thromboembolic events and have more recently been implicated as a risk factor for intussusception. This case aims to highlight the increasing prevalence of AAS use, and the importance of its consideration in diagnostic dilemmas, particularly in otherwise healthy adults presenting with intussusception.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86082063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accuracy of Evaluation of Fatty Liver with Third-Generation Unenhanced Dual-Energy CT and MRI: Prospective Comparison with MR Spectroscopy 第三代非增强双能CT和MRI评估脂肪肝的准确性:与磁共振光谱的前瞻性比较
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1763483
S. Rajesh, V. Arunachalam, Gopinath Periaswamy, Gobi Kalyan, Rupa Renganathan, Gowtham Sm, M. Cherian
{"title":"Accuracy of Evaluation of Fatty Liver with Third-Generation Unenhanced Dual-Energy CT and MRI: Prospective Comparison with MR Spectroscopy","authors":"S. Rajesh, V. Arunachalam, Gopinath Periaswamy, Gobi Kalyan, Rupa Renganathan, Gowtham Sm, M. Cherian","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1763483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1763483","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background and Objectives  The purpose of this study is to evaluate and establish the accuracy of noninvasive methods, including third-generation dual-source dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) and proton density fat (PDF) fraction on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using three-dimensional multiecho multipoint chemical shift-encoded spoiled gradient echo (q-Dixon) sequence in the quantification of hepatic steatosis; with H1-MR spectroscopy (MRS) as the reference standard. Materials and Methods  A total of 47 patients were included in this prospective study. We studied the accuracy of fatty liver detection using third-generation DECT using mixed set images (MSIs), virtual monochromatic images (VMIs), and MRI q-Dixon. The results were compared with H1-MRS. Data were analyzed using linear regression for each technique compared with MRS. Results  Our study's correlation and linear regression analysis showed a good correlation between PDF values obtained by H1-MRS and MR q-Dixon methods ( r  = 0.821, r 2  = 0.674, p  < 0.001). On MSI, H1-MRS showed a low correlation with average liver attenuation ( r 2  = 0.379, p  < 0.001) and a moderate correlation with liver attenuation index ( r 2  = 0.508, p  < 0.001) noted. There was a moderate correlation between H1-MRS and average liver attenuation and liver attenuation index on VMI at 80 to 120 keV with r 2  = 0.434, p  < 0.001, and r 2  = 0.485, p  < 0.001, respectively. Conclusion  MRI q-Dixon is the method of choice for evaluating fat quantification in the absence of H1 MRS. Among DECT images, VMI is valuable in the evaluation of hepatic fat as compared with the mixed set of images.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"14 1","pages":"079 - 088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74034412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Spontaneous Rupture of Choledochal Cyst: A Rare Presentation 胆总管囊肿自发性破裂:一种罕见的表现
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759682
P. Juvaina, KT Aleena, A. Riyaz, E. Devarajan, P. Ranjit, ER Rani Jyothi
{"title":"Spontaneous Rupture of Choledochal Cyst: A Rare Presentation","authors":"P. Juvaina, KT Aleena, A. Riyaz, E. Devarajan, P. Ranjit, ER Rani Jyothi","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1759682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759682","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Choledochal cyst (CDC) is a rare surgical cause of cholestatic jaundice in infants. Spontaneous rupture is an unusual presentation of a previously undiagnosed CDC and is also a rare cause of biliary peritonitis in children. Here, we report a case of a 1-year-old boy who was evaluated for progressive abdominal distension. Ultrasonogram showed gross ascites with echogenic particles, dilated common bile duct (CBD), common hepatic duct (CHD), and upstream intra hepatic biliary radicle dilatation (IHBRD). CECT sections of the abdomen showed gross ascites and IHBRD with disproportionate dilatation of CHD and CBD. At laparotomy, a type 1 CDC with rupture of the anterior wall was found. The cyst was excised followed by hepaticojejunostomy. In a sick child with abdominal pain, cholestatic jaundice and biliary ascites, a high index of suspicion during imaging will help in the correct diagnosis and surgery for a potentially fatal ruptured CDC.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"2 1","pages":"154 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88014148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Role of Multidetector Computed Tomography in Diagnosis of Acquired Gastrointestinal Fistulas 多探测器计算机断层扫描在获得性胃肠道瘘诊断中的作用
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758124
Gitanjali Arora, P. Badhe
{"title":"Role of Multidetector Computed Tomography in Diagnosis of Acquired Gastrointestinal Fistulas","authors":"Gitanjali Arora, P. Badhe","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1758124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758124","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction  Fistulas are abnormal communication between two epithelialized surfaces. Gastrointestinal fistulas are communication between the gut and another epithelialized surface. Fistulas are classified according to anatomic (internal or external), physiologic (output volume), and etiologic characteristics. In the case of clinical suspicion of a fistula, a multidisciplinary approach helps in diagnosing and management. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) has an advantage over other imaging modalities due to its ability to reconstruct high-resolution images in seconds, which limits motion or peristalsis artifacts, and is ideal for patients who are uncooperative or who are seriously ill. Aim  Evaluation of MDCT as an initial tool in the diagnosis and characterization of gastrointestinal fistulas. Methods  During this prospective observational study, MDCT was used to assess patients with clinical suspicion of gastrointestinal fistulas. When necessary, contrast agents were used to identify the enteric fistulous tract. The etiology and characterization of the fistulas were determined. Further, the gastrointestinal fistulas were confirmed via endoscopy, cystoscopy, or surgery. Results  The most common type of gastrointestinal fistula is enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) (39%) and the most common cause of gastrointestinal fistulas is postoperative (47%). ECFs were classified according to their etiology, anatomy, and favorable characteristics (85% favorable) along with complexity (64% complex) to aid in the management process. In addition to pancreaticopleural fistulas (22%), biliary (11%), esophageal (8%), and pelvic fistulas (19%) were also observed. There were 19% of fistulas (esophageal and biliary) that were asymptomatic. Endoscopy confirmed such asymptomatic fistulas that were not convincingly detected on CT. Conclusion  In this study, we concluded that with the appropriate clinical history, MDCT can accurately depict enteric fistulas. In addition to characterizing fistulas, MDCT is equally useful for detecting secondary complications like inflammation, obstruction, or abscesses.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"80 1","pages":"015 - 020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86833445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hepatic Splenosis: A Rare Entity and Great Mimicker 肝性脾病:一种罕见的实体和伟大的模仿者
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758123
Shruthi Kb, Hanan Pk
{"title":"Hepatic Splenosis: A Rare Entity and Great Mimicker","authors":"Shruthi Kb, Hanan Pk","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1758123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758123","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Splenosis is a benign and rare condition that is usually caused by trauma or splenectomy or other procedures involving splenic tissue. The patient is usually asymptomatic and often diagnosed incidentally especially when presents as intrahepatic lesion, can be misdiagnosed as neoplasm. Here, we present case report of a 56-year-old male patient, who was incidentally detected to have focal liver lesion on routine ultrasound check up. He was further evaluated with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the lesion was indistinguishable from neoplastic lesions and misdiagnosed to be hepatic adenoma. Retrospectively analyzing, the patient had history of splenectomy following road traffic accident 10 years before the present presentation. Following laparotomy, the liver lesion was resected and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of hepatic splenosis. In this case report and review, we present the diagnostic features and the criteria that help in the diagnosis of splenosis which is a great mimicker.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"067 - 070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76170396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rare Columnar Cell Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Metastasis to Pancreas and Lungs at Initial Presentation: A Case Report and Review of Literature 罕见柱状细胞变异型甲状腺乳头状癌初发并转移至胰腺及肺:1例报告及文献复习
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758122
A. Gjeluci, Joseph Clark, A. Jawahar
{"title":"Rare Columnar Cell Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Metastasis to Pancreas and Lungs at Initial Presentation: A Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"A. Gjeluci, Joseph Clark, A. Jawahar","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1758122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758122","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, accounting for 85% of differentiated thyroid cancers. A small percentage of PTC variants are considered more aggressive, such as the tall cell variant associated with the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene and the rarer columnar variant, which is described in only 0.2% of cases and has a poor prognosis. Although locoregional metastases to neck lymph nodes are common, distant metastases of PTC are rare at presentation with only 5 to 7% reported in the literature. We present a very rare case of columnar cell variant PTC with synchronous metastasis to the lungs and indolent focus in the pancreas at initial diagnosis, which has never been reported in the literature. Our patient presented with non-radioactive iodine (RAI) responsive PTC with diffuse metastases to the lungs and one synchronous focal metastatic lesion in the pancreas. After multidisciplinary discussions, pancreatectomy/metastasectomy was deferred due to the disseminated PTC with multiple metastases to the lungs, lack of pancreas-related symptoms in the patient, and inherent complication risks. The patient was treated with systemic therapy using a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (lenvatinib), which is the standard of care for non-RAI responsive PTC and showed a complete radiologic resolution of the pancreatic lesion, however, with partial yet nonprogressive metastatic disease in the lungs.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"062 - 066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79794860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inferior Vena Cava Anomalies and Pathologies 下腔静脉异常与病理
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758129
Poojary Shweta Raviraj, Venkataswamy Chandana, Hagalahalli Nagarajegowda Pradeep, C. Nanjaraj
{"title":"Inferior Vena Cava Anomalies and Pathologies","authors":"Poojary Shweta Raviraj, Venkataswamy Chandana, Hagalahalli Nagarajegowda Pradeep, C. Nanjaraj","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1758129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758129","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wide array of anatomical variations and pathologies affect the inferior vena cava (IVC). Multidetector computed tomography remains the most important modality to diagnose and evaluate the extent of involvement. The congenital variations such as duplication, anomalous course of renal veins, azygos continuation of IVC, etc., remain clinically indolent and are detected incidentally in abdominal imaging. This article describes the various congenital variants which include abnormalities in drainage, failure of development, and regression of the IVC. This article also highlights the important pathological conditions such as Budd–Chiari syndrome, primary and secondary neoplasms of the IVC, bland thrombosis, and retrograde opacification of the IVC.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"258 1","pages":"021 - 031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78396075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gallstone Ileus—Lessons from a Missed Diagnosis 胆结石性肠梗阻——一个漏诊的教训
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1754327
Animesh Ajit Sathe, Rajat Bhargava
{"title":"Gallstone Ileus—Lessons from a Missed Diagnosis","authors":"Animesh Ajit Sathe, Rajat Bhargava","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1754327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1754327","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gallstone ileus is an uncommon presentation in patients with acute abdomen. Its diagnosis and treatment are often delayed due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. Presence of gallstone in ileum can be difficult to detect on computed tomography (CT) as mostly they are lucent. We report the case of a 66-year-old man with a 1-day history of vomiting and abdominal bloating. Initial CT could not identify the obstructing gall stone. On the follow-up CT, there was a distal shift of obstruction site in the intestine raising suspicion of a gallstone. We discuss the imaging findings on CT and the clues to diagnosing gallstone ileus.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"032 - 036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84967930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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