{"title":"Discrete element simulation of powder layer spreading by blade sliding: packing factor, mechanism, and optimization","authors":"L. Dai, Y. R. Chan, G. Vastola, Y. W. Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00808-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40571-024-00808-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We utilized the discrete element method to simulate the packing of a powder layer by blade spread. Our study revealed the following findings: (1) We uncovered a hereditary relationship that exists between the pouring heap and the packing layer, which plays a significant role in the non-uniform distribution of powder in the packing layer in terms of sizes and shapes. (2) We systematically analysed the influence of sliding speed on powder packing and recommended a threshold sliding rate of 0.15 m/s for achieving a high packing quality. (3) Contrary to the conventional belief that non-spherical powders tend to reduce packing density, our study discovered that the inclusion of a small portion of non-spherical powders can create pathways for efficient gap-filling, resulting in denser packings. (4) By adjusting inter-powder interactions, we observed a transition from discrete powder packing to cluster deposition. (5) We proposed and demonstrated the efficacy of a two-step spreading technique followed by multiple shaking cycles in achieving maximum random packing density. Overall, our work provides a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms involved in the powder spreading process through blade sliding, which may lead to enhanced powder packing density and uniformity and ultimately improved outcomes in additive manufacturing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"12 1","pages":"399 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discrete numerical simulation of sheared particle flow in a vertical sandwich belt conveyor","authors":"Biao Zhang, Wenjun Meng, Hanzhong Zhang, Xuan Yin","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00810-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40571-024-00810-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, an improved sandwich conveying numerical simulation model was used to analyse the influence of five factors on the conveying efficiency of a vertical sandwich belt conveyor. The mass flow rate of the model was verified using a test model. The results showed that the mass flow rate and shear depth increased as the belt speed increased. Additionally, the particle velocity tends to decrease with increase in depth, and increasing the pressing force increased the contact force chain. Furthermore, the contact force chain remained constant in the vertical direction. The strength of the contact force chain was maximised when the moisture content was 20–30%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"12 1","pages":"437 - 452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical study on the strength and fracture of rock materials with multiple rough preexisting fissures under uniaxial compression using particle flow code","authors":"Min Wang, Zhenxing Lu, Yanlin Zhao, Wen Wan","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00811-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40571-024-00811-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Preexisting fissures are common in rock mass engineering, and these preexisting fissures can considerably reduce the strength of rock masses and the stability of rock mass engineering. Considering that the preexisting fissures are not straight, a DEM numerical simulation model with rough joints under uniaxial compressive loading was constructed. From the analysis of the numerical simulation results, we found that the peak strength increases with increasing inclination angle. Moreover, the JRC influences the peak strength. Even though the JRC values are close, there are still some differences. Moreover, the number of cracks increased slowly before the uniaxial stress reached the peak strength; however, the number of cracks increased remarkably at the postpeak stage. Moreover, the crack path becomes simpler with increasing JRC. The numerical simulation results can provide a numerical basis for rock masses with rough joints in engineering practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"12 1","pages":"453 - 477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel Valencia-Galindo, Esteban Sáez, Martin Kozakovic, Jaromir Havlica, David Kramoliš, Pamela Chávez-Crooker
{"title":"Analysis of the breakage of the bio-cementation generated on glass beads during a direct shear test using a DEM model","authors":"Miguel Valencia-Galindo, Esteban Sáez, Martin Kozakovic, Jaromir Havlica, David Kramoliš, Pamela Chávez-Crooker","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00803-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40571-024-00803-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The improvement of soil behaviour by the bacterial precipitation of calcium carbonate has been extensively studied in geotechnical engineering. However, the evolution of bio-cementation bonds under shear conditions is only partially understood. This research presents a micromechanical approach to gain a deeper insight into the interaction between bio-cemented particles. A series of glass bead samples were treated with Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) and then subjected to direct shear tests. A calibrated model based on the Discrete Element Method was used to reproduce the macro-mechanical paths observed in the experiments, allowing the detailed analysis and description of the bond evolution at the microscopic scale in the treated samples. In general, it was found that a higher rate of bond breakage occurred before the peak shear strength was reached, and this was followed by a relatively constant rate of bond breakage associated with a macroscopic softening trend. Tensile stress was identified as the primary fracture mechanism. Finally, it was determined that the bond breakage mechanism is influenced by several factors, such as bond distribution, particle array, and the mechanical parameters of the bond.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"12 1","pages":"351 - 370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-scale concurrent simulations for crack propagation using FEM–DEM bridging coupling","authors":"Manon Voisin-Leprince, Joaquin Garcia-Suarez, Guillaume Anciaux, Jean-François Molinari","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00788-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40571-024-00788-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Discrete element method (DEM) is a robust numerical tool for simulating crack propagation and wear in granular materials. However, the computational cost associated with DEM hinders its applicability to large domains. To address this limitation, we employ DEM to model regions experiencing crack propagation and wear, and utilize the finite element method (FEM) to model regions experiencing small deformation, thus reducing the computational burden. The two domains are linked using a FEM–DEM coupling, which considers an overlapping region where the deformation of the two domains is reconciled. We employ a “strong coupling” formulation, in which each DEM particle in the overlapping region is constrained to an equivalent position obtained by nodal interpolation in the finite element. While the coupling method has been proved capable of handling propagation of small-amplitude waves between domains, we examine in this paper its accuracy to efficiently model for material failure events. We investigate two cases of material failure in the DEM region: the first one involves mode I crack propagation, and the second one focuses on rough surfaces’ shearing leading to debris creation. For each, we consider several DEM domain sizes, representing different distances between the coupling region and the DEM undergoing inelasticity and fracture. The accuracy of the coupling approach is evaluated by comparing it with a pure DEM simulation, and the results demonstrate its effectiveness in accurately capturing the behavior of the pure DEM, regardless of the placement of the coupling region.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"11 5","pages":"2235 - 2243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40571-024-00788-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter Boehling, Dalibor Jajcevic, Frederik Detobel, James Holman, Laura Bower, Matthew Metzger, Johannes G. Khinast
{"title":"In silico design-space analysis of a novel tablet coating process using advanced modeling","authors":"Peter Boehling, Dalibor Jajcevic, Frederik Detobel, James Holman, Laura Bower, Matthew Metzger, Johannes G. Khinast","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00804-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40571-024-00804-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Continuous manufacturing has been increasingly applied in the pharmaceutical industry. The advantages are a more flexible process, decreased costs, and opportunities for better quality control. However, performing experiments is still the way to go when developing a new process but most experiments offer only limited process insight. As part of its ConsiGma® continuous processing lines, GEA has developed a semi-continuous tablet coater with unique design and process mechanics. Simulations enable a deeper understanding of the process mechanics and allow the transition from an empirical process to a mechanistic understanding of the individual process units. We used simulations to improve the understanding of the ConsiGma® tablet coater through a digital multivariate design study. Our simulations demonstrate how the mechanical and material properties influence the tablet bed behavior. We tracked the effects of thermodynamic inputs on the coating quality via the tablet temperature and moisture. These results may be helpful in the future development of coating processes using limited experimental data.</p>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chun-Yao Zheng, Fei-Guo Chen, Lin Zhang, Yuan Zhou
{"title":"Accurate prediction of generalized oil–water interface evolution with a novel multiphase SPH scheme","authors":"Chun-Yao Zheng, Fei-Guo Chen, Lin Zhang, Yuan Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00800-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40571-024-00800-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In multiphase SPH method, accurate prediction of oil–water interface is a key, and a major source of failure is due to the nonphysical pressure oscillation. Then in this work, a novel multiphase SPH scheme is designed to solve this problem by integrating several treatments of pressure oscillation together, when the generalized oil–water two-phase flows are simulated. These treatments are: (1) the revised diffusive term which is added in the continuity equation by replacing the original density with the density increment; (2) the corrected density re-initialization during whose implementation different-phase fluid particles must be converted into the imaginary same-phase ones; (3) the particle shifting technique to distribute particles more uniformly. Through the simulation of several generalized oil–water two-phase flow problems as well as comparison with reference solutions, it is validated that our novel SPH scheme is stable, accurate and with less dissipation, and can avoid particle penetration near interface. Finally, a new and more complex generalized oil–water two-phase flow problem is designed and simulated to further demonstrate the above advantages of our SPH scheme.</p>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joel Given, Yong Liang, Zhixin Zeng, Xiong Zhang, Kenichi Soga
{"title":"The virtual stress boundary method to impose nonconforming Neumann boundary conditions in the material point method","authors":"Joel Given, Yong Liang, Zhixin Zeng, Xiong Zhang, Kenichi Soga","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00793-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40571-024-00793-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The material point method (MPM) is a popular and powerful tool for simulating large deformation problems. The hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian nature of the MPM means that the Lagrangian material points and the Eulerian background mesh are often nonconforming. Once the material and mesh boundaries become misaligned, imposing boundary conditions, such as Neumann boundary conditions (i.e., traction), becomes a challenge. The recently developed virtual stress boundary (VSB) method allows for imposing nonconforming Neumann boundary conditions without explicit knowledge of the boundary position. This is achieved through a problem transformation where the original boundary traction problem is replaced by an equivalent problem featuring a virtual stress field. This equivalent problem results in updated governing equations which are ultimately solved using a combination of particle-wise and cell-wise quadrature. In the current work, a modification to the VSB method is proposed to eliminate the need for cell-wise quadrature. Despite removing cell-wise quadrature, the modified VSB method maintains the accuracy observed in the original approach. Several numerical examples, including 1D and 2D benchmark problems, as well as a 3D demonstration problem, are presented to investigate the accuracy and illustrate the capability of the modified VSB method. Mesh refinement studies are included to show the method’s good convergence behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adel M. Elreafay, Khaled M. Salem, Ramzy M. Abumandour, A. S. Dawood, Saeed Al Nuaimi
{"title":"Effect of particle diameter and void fraction on gas–solid two-phase flow: a numerical investigation using the Eulerian–Eulerian approach","authors":"Adel M. Elreafay, Khaled M. Salem, Ramzy M. Abumandour, A. S. Dawood, Saeed Al Nuaimi","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00798-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40571-024-00798-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sudden expansion pipes are crucial in fluid dynamics for studying flow behavior, turbulence, and pressure distribution in various systems. This study focuses on investigating the behavior of a two-phase flow, specifically a gas–solid turbulent flow, in a sudden expansion. The Eulerian–Eulerian approach is employed to model the flow characteristics. The Eulerian–Eulerian approach treats both phases (gas and solid) as separate continua, and their interactions are described using conservation equations for mass, momentum, and energy. The study aims to understand the complex phenomena occurring in the flow, such as particle dispersion, turbulence modulation, and pressure drop. The governing equations are solved using house developed code called FORTRAN, a widely used programming language in scientific and engineering simulations. The results of this study will provide valuable insights into the behavior of gas–solid two-phase flows in sudden expansions, which have important applications in various industries, including chemical engineering, energy systems, and environmental engineering. A parametric study of the impact of particles diameters (20, 120, 220, 500 µm), the solid volume loading ratios <span>((0.005, 0.008, 0.01))</span> and area ratios (2.25, 5.76, 9) effect of sudden expansion on the streamlines, local skin friction, pressure, velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, and separation zone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"12 1","pages":"289 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40571-024-00798-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Li, Liyuan Yu, Tao Zhang, Haijian Su, Xianzhen Mi, Doudou Fan, Bao Jin
{"title":"Quantitative analysis of grain size effect on tensile mechanical behavior of granite based on multi-level force chain networks","authors":"Wei Li, Liyuan Yu, Tao Zhang, Haijian Su, Xianzhen Mi, Doudou Fan, Bao Jin","doi":"10.1007/s40571-024-00790-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40571-024-00790-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A three-dimensional grain-based model based on the discrete element method is proposed for reconstructing the filling and grouping of minerals in granite, then a batch of numerical disc specimens with different grain sizes <i>R</i><sub>G</sub> are subjected to the Brazilian splitting test. In addition, the force chain networks in the numerical samples are subjected to multi-level classification and quantitative analysis, and the grain size effect on the tensile mechanical behavior of granite is discussed from the perspective of force chain networks. The results show that the mechanical properties and micro-cracking behavior of fine- and coarse-grained samples obtained experimentally and from simulation are consistent, including the load–displacement curve, the peak load, the failure displacement, and the proportion of intergranular/transgranular cracks. Therefore, the reliability of the model is verified. As <i>R</i><sub>G</sub> increases, the number of intragranular contacts increases, while the number of intergranular contacts decreases. The bearing capacity and deformation resistance of the samples increase. As <i>R</i><sub>G</sub> increases, both the number and sum of force chains for intragranular structures increase gradually, while these two parameters for intergranular structures decrease; meanwhile, the average values for intragranular and intergranular structures increase with increasing <i>R</i><sub>G</sub>. As <i>R</i><sub>G</sub> continues to increase, the number of contacts within mineral grains capable of withstanding external loads increases, forming a robust force chain network to bear external loads. It becomes challenging for a low-level load to break the contacts within the mineral, leading to an increase in the sample’s load-bearing capacity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":524,"journal":{"name":"Computational Particle Mechanics","volume":"11 5","pages":"2245 - 2266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141642315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}