Etude de la Population Africaine最新文献

{"title":"The determinants of youth labor market integration in Cameroon: is family Socioeconomic-background more effective than education?","authors":"Samuel Nouetagni, M. Kuépié","doi":"10.11564/33-1-1357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-1-1357","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of this study is to measure the impact of socioeconomic background and human capital on young people’s labor market integration. A review of the literature suggests that in addition to human capital, other factors not directly related to individual productivity play an important role in labor market integration. Data Source & Method : The empirical work is based on the analysis of a firsthand biographical database from Bafia, a Cameroonian city. Results: Results show that young people from privileged background are more likely to swiftly enter the wage sector than their peers from disadvantaged background. Conclusion: This result is not only due to the fact that former received more education than the latter but also because of the existence of a sort of privileged birth-related premium not induced by the formal education level.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44794255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"This is who we are and why!: Ethnography of weddings in Ibadan,Nigeria","authors":"O. Akanle, A. Ademuson, O. Adegoke, K. Oguntoyinbo","doi":"10.11564/33-1-1358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-1-1358","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Wedding ceremonies celebrate marital unions of two individuals/families in accordance with socially sanctioned arrangements. Among the Yoruba of south-western Nigeria, weddings of various forms exist. Elaborate and relatively grand weddings are common among the Yoruba people but studies are insufficient on these weddings. More attention is thus needed to understand the trajectories and ramifications of these weddings especially within the socio-economic conditions and rapidly changing social environments that have implications for population and development. This article is therefore an attempt to describe contemporary marriage ceremonies among the Yoruba in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria and the meanings associated with the ceremonies. The article is a detailed ethnographic narrative of Yoruba marriage processes. Data Sources and Method: Primary and secondary data were gathered. For the primary data, qualitative research method was used. Data collection methods were participant observations (10 different wedding venues) and 15 in-depth interviews. Interpretive research approach through interviews, observations and pictures were used because of their capacities to extract reliable contextual meanings and implicative elements of social realities. Secondary data were gathered from journal articles, books, newspaper clippings and reliable internet sources. Data analysis was done through content analysis of texts and pictures. Results: Findings reveal very original and dynamically creative ways of celebrating weddings and significance of such weddings among the Yoruba people with implications for better understanding of Africa’s socio-economic and cultural systems, population and development. Conclusion: Weddings are significant social realities in context. While they preceed family formation and traditionally crucial, they are both physical and cultural just as they are systematically symbolic and demonstrative of familial and sociocultural statuses and class in Africa. Weddings in the context are indication and legitimation of identity and existencies and these have strategic implications for social change, cultural systems and population.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45359272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of governance quality on mortality rates in Sub Saharan Africa","authors":"Chimere O. Iheonu, S. A. Agbutun, Chinonyerem M Omenihu, Godfrey I. Ihedimma, Vivian N Osuagwu","doi":"10.11564/33-1-1353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-1-1353","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study examined the impact of governance quality on infant mortality, maternal mortality and adult female mortality in sub Saharan Africa. Data Source and Methods: World Bank data covering 2002 to 2015 for 31 sub Saharan African countries were employed and analysed utilising the Driscoll and Kraay Fixed Effect Model. Results: Improvements in regulatory quality and total governance reduces infant mortality by 0.1441 and 0.0712 percentage points respectively. Improvements in the control of corruption, regulatory quality and total governance reduces maternal mortality by 0.0788, 0.1324 and 0.0654 percentage points respectively. Political stability reduces adult female mortality by 0.0485 percentage point. Conclusion: There is need for the pursuit of efficient and speedy execution of sound private sector development policies in order to reduce infant and maternal mortality. Enhancing the fight against corruption aids maternal mortality reduction. Political stable environment should be prioritised to reduce adult female mortality. An overall improvement in the quality of governance reduces mortality rates in the region.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41293891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to mass media malaria messages and use of insecticide-treated nets and artemisinin combination therapy among Southeast Nigeria residents","authors":"Chidiebere A. Nwachukwu, L. I. Anorue","doi":"10.11564/33-1-1351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-1-1351","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria remains endemic in Nigeria. The National Malaria Elimination Programmeutilizes the mass media to educate Nigerians to adopt insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) for malaria prevention and treatment respectively. This study investigated the influence of media messages on ITN and ACT use in Southeast Nigeria. Methods: Data was collected with a structured questionnaire from 480 respondents across 15 communities in Southeast Nigeria. Analysis was carried out on the data using percentages and logistic regression. Results: Results indicated high exposure to malaria messages, but limited effect on ITN and ACT use. Regression results showed that exposure to newspapers (OR=1.017); magazines (OR=1.639) and internet (OR=1.444) increased the odds of ITN use. Exposure to television messages(OR=1.707;P<0.001);billboards(OR=2.098;P<0.011);Internet(OR=1.805;P<0.011) and tertiary education(OR=8.454;p<0.000) positively predicted ACT use. Conclusions: Exposure to malaria messages has not resulted in population-wide adoption of ITNs and ACT. There is need for the National Malaria Elimination Programme to address factors that hinder ITN and ACT use.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47005559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cohort analysis of adolescent first birth timing and births progression in West-Africa","authors":"A. Adebowale, E. Bamgboye, Adjiwanou Visseho","doi":"10.11564/32-3-1233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/32-3-1233","url":null,"abstract":"Context/Background: Adolescent Childbearing is an important factor sustaining high; fertility, childhood mortality and maternal mortality in West-Africa. We examined cohort analysis of adolescent first birth (AFB) timing and births progression in West-Africa. Data Source and Methods: Most recent round of DHS data of four countries in West-Africa were used. Women aged 20-49 years were studied. Birth timing probability, birth progression rate and hazard ratio were estimated (α=5.0%). Results: Across countries, AFB increases as the women’s year of birth cohort increases and the rate was highest among Nigerian women (r=0.773, p<0.001) but lowest in Liberia (r=0.497, p<0.001). The probability of surviving adolescent years’ interval without bearing a child was highest in Ghana for all age-cohorts, while Nigeria and Liberia exhibited similar pattern. Birth progression rate was higher among women who had AFB than women who started theirs at the later years. Hazard ratio of AFB was higher among women in age cohort 20-24 than those aged 45-49 years. Conclusion: Adolescent first birth is a problem in West-Africa but variation exist in the region. Adolescent pregnancy prevention policy is solicited in West-Africa.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48547611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inégalités géographiques de recours aux soins de santé maternelle au Mali : rôles respectifs des caractéristiques individuelles, familiales et communautaires","authors":"Siaka Cisse, Claudine Sauvain-Dugerdil","doi":"10.11564/32-3-1230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/32-3-1230","url":null,"abstract":"Contexte: Au Mali, a l’instar de la plupart des pays d’Afrique subsaharienne, les disparites geographiques en matiere d’utilisation des services de sante maternelle persistent malgre les politiques nationales visant a ameliorer la sante maternelle. Ce travail examine les inegalites communales de recours aux soins de sante maternelle au Mali. Source de donnees et Methodes: Les donnees de l’Enquete par Grappe a Indicateurs Multiples (MICS, 2009-2010) ont ete utilisees et completees par celles du Recensement General de la Population et de l’Habitat (RGPH) de 2009. La methodologie multiniveau a ete utilisee a l’aune de l’approche par les capabilites (AC).  Results: Les differences entre communes resultent des inegalites de ressources du contexte (offre de services de sante et degre d’urbanisation), des caracteristiques individuelles et du menage (education, niveau de vie, exposition aux medias, instruction du chef de menage). Ces differents determinants contribuent respectivement a la quasi-totalite (98%) des inegalites communales de recours a l’accouchement assiste et aux trois quarts de celles en matiere de suivi prenatal. Conclusion: Il resort que ce n’est pas seulement les differences individuelles qui modulent l’acces aux soins, mais aussi les caracteristiques de l’entourage familial et social, a savoir, selon la terminologie des capabilites, les facteurs individuels mais aussi collectifs de conversion. L’efficacite des politiques publiques etant evaluee par leur capacite a ouvrir les memes capabilites de sante pour tous (Ruger, 2009 ; Bonvin et Rosenstein, 2011), la persistence des inegalites met en","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42517765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts socio-économiques des inégalités de genre sur la fécondité à Ouagadougou : éclairage à partir des donnees de l’observatoire de population de Ouagadougou","authors":"R. Millogo, C. Rossier, A. Soura, Siaka Cisse","doi":"10.11564/32-3-1227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/32-3-1227","url":null,"abstract":"Contexte : Parmi les facteurs de la fecondite elevee en Afrique Sub-saharienne, on met souvent en avant les inegalites de genre. Cependant, les recherches se contentent souvent de mesurer la fecondite selon les caracteristiques de la femme sans son conjoint. Il s'agit donc de confronter le statut des deux conjoints dans les couples. Donnees et methodes : Ce travail utilise les donnees de l’Observatoire de Population de Ouagadougou et mesure les inegalites de genre a l’aide du test de Log-rank et du modele d’Andersen et Gill. Resultats : Les resultats ne montrent aucune difference significative selon l’education mais une femme qui a une activite remuneratrice dont le conjoint est sans emploi a environ 50% de moins de risque d’avoir un enfant par rapport a celle qui n’a aucun emploi et dont le conjoint a un revenu. Conclusion : L’inegalite dans le niveau d’education des conjoints ne semble pas avoir d’impact sur la fecondite, mais celle de l’emploi est tres marquante.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44514203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic assessment and adjustment of census age distribution in selected West African Countries","authors":"E. Njoku, D. Okunlola, S. Adedini","doi":"10.11564/32-3-1231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/32-3-1231","url":null,"abstract":"Context/background: Despite the public acknowledgment of improvement in sub-Saharan African censuses and surveys in the recent time, the quality of age-sex data still remains relatively poor. This study assessed the quality of reported age-sex data in selected West African countries. Data source and methods: We utilized the available recent West African census data to address the study objective. Data adjustments were made using the UN-moving average technique, Carrier Far-rag, Karup-king newton and Arriaga methods.  Results: First, the age- distribution in five years was examined for errors.  The UN-Age-sex accuracy index showed that all the selected countries had inaccurate age-distribution, with the exception of Cameroon (2005) and Senegal (2002) censuses which revealed a lesser distorted age- distribution. Utilizing the strong smoothing techniques, the results showed that virtually all the censuses were plaqued with the overestimation error at older ages, particularly the female population. The error margin ranged between 10-25%.  Conclusion: The study concludes that inaccuracies in West African census data persist and recommends more quality age-sex data in region.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45504049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the timing of sexual intercourse in Ghana: evidence from the demographic and health survey data, 1988-2014.","authors":"A. Amoateng, O. Baruwa","doi":"10.11564/32-3-1350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/32-3-1350","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although sexuality is an inherent feature of humans, the timing of this important life-changing event sets the tone for future sexual behaviour with broader social implications. Data source & Method: The present study used the six waves of the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey data (1988 to 2014) to examine the effect of changes in social and demographic contexts on age at which women have their first sexual encounter. Results: The results of the study have shown that even though the age at which women in Ghana initiate sexual intercourse is changing, the changes have been slow over the course of the 26 years under review (1988 to 2014). Of the social and demographers factors examined, only education, religion and ethnicity were found to be significant predictors of the timing of sexual intercourse among women in Ghana, while the effects of place of residence and region were found to be insignificant after controlling for other factors. Educated women tended to postpone the initiation of first sexual encounter compared to their less educated counterparts, while women who belonged to other Christian denominations and Muslims delayed sexual initiation compared to women who did not belong to any religious group. Finally, Ewes, Guans, Mole/Dagbanis and other ethnic groups all tended to delay sexual initiation compared to the majority Akan. Conclussion: The study demonstrated that the timing of first sexual intercourse among women in Ghana is affected by social and demographic contexts such as place of residence, education, ethnicity, region, and religion.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41891776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decision making autonomy and fertility behaviour among currently married women in Nigeria.","authors":"O. Banjo, O. Bamiwuye, L. Bisiriyu, O. A. Akintayo","doi":"10.11564/32-3-1235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/32-3-1235","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Decision-making autonomy as a component of women’s status is a less studied indicator of fertility behaviour in Nigeria. Data and Methods: The study utilizes the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data to determine women’s characteristics associated with decision-making autonomy and examine the influence of decision-making autonomy on fertility behaviour among currently married women in Nigeria. Relationships between decision-making autonomy and fertility behaviour were examined using Poisson and Binary logistic regressions. Results : Results showed that, about 60% of currently married women were of low autonomy. Decision-making autonomy was associated with women’s age, age at marriage, level of education, religion, employment status, type of residence and household wealth status.  The result further showed that women’s decision-making autonomy was significantly associated with lower number of living children and increased contraceptive use. Conclusion: The study concludes that women’s decision-making autonomy is an important predictor of fertility behaviour among currently married women in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42492676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}