Western Birds最新文献_第6页

Nesting Ecology of the Barn Swallow on Agricultural Lands in Yukon 育空地区农用地小燕子的筑巢生态

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.21199/wb53.4.2

M. Leung, D. Reid

{"title":"Nesting Ecology of the Barn Swallow on Agricultural Lands in Yukon","authors":"M. Leung, D. Reid","doi":"10.21199/wb53.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21199/wb53.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1980s, the abundance of the Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica) in North America, including the far north, has declined. To better understand the species’ biology north of 60° N, near the northern limit of its range, and in a region of expanding agriculture, we studied its nesting ecology on farms in southern Yukon Territory, Canada, in 2019 and 2020. We followed 21 attempted nests in 2019, 20 in 2020, of which 52% and 60%, respectively, were inside buildings with permanently open entrances. Other nests were built on the outside of buildings. In both years we inferred successful double brooding by three pairs, which is rarely reported north of 60°N latitude. We found the swallows’ reproductive output to be similar to that at temperate latitudes: first clutches ranged from three to six eggs (mean 4.8 in 2019; 4.2 in 2020); second clutches may have averaged marginally smaller (n = 6). The mean number of fledglings per nest was 3.3 in 2019 and 3.0 in 2020. Twenty-one percent of nests failed, either by falling off a vertical substrate or because of predation by deer mice (Peromyscus spp.), Black-billed Magpies (Pica hudsonia), or domestic cats. We also compared the air temperatures at nests, usually near building roofs, to ambient temperatures, finding them on average 1.6°C warmer than temperatures outside buildings. We set out 33 platforms and 20 wooden cups designed for Barn Swallow nesting but over the two years of our study the birds did not use any of them.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84547850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Winter Surveys for Mexican Spotted Owls with Audio Recorders 用录音机对墨西哥斑点猫头鹰的冬季调查

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.21199/wb53.4.3

Brent Carl Hetzler

{"title":"Winter Surveys for Mexican Spotted Owls with Audio Recorders","authors":"Brent Carl Hetzler","doi":"10.21199/wb53.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21199/wb53.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring Mexican Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis lucida) in and near breeding territories during winter has practical value but has not been previously studied by passive techniques, including acoustic recorders. Such information could inform breeding survey strategies as well as identify new breeding pairs. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s standard survey protocol, entailing four nighttime visits to a site and listening for a response to broadcast calls, has limitations in winter, when nonbreeding owls are less likely to respond and multiple visits may not be possible. Instead, I tested the feasibility of using passive sound-recording equipment to detect the owl in winter, deploying audio recorders at two known nesting sites in northern Arizona over 6 months through winter 2014–2015. As a result, I recorded spontaneous calls during each month of the survey. Paired males and females called to each other in winter, and the variation in frequency of calling through the night paralleled the pattern found in previous studies. My data suggest that automated audio detection provides a reliable tool for continuous, high-resolution, long-term, and cost-effective monitoring of the Mexican Spotted Owl, in both winter and summer.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74826651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Birds of The Shumagin Islands, Alaska 阿拉斯加舒玛金群岛的鸟类

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.21199/wb53.4.1

R. Day, G. Byrd, E. P. Bailey

{"title":"Birds of The Shumagin Islands, Alaska","authors":"R. Day, G. Byrd, E. P. Bailey","doi":"10.21199/wb53.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21199/wb53.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"We studied birds in the Shumagin Islands in 18 of the 37 years from 1970 to 2006 and synthesized all available information on birds of this area. A total of 126 forms of 125 species, including hypothetical species, has been recorded in the Shumagins, of which aquatic birds constitute 67% and terrestrial birds 33%. Overall, 52% of all forms breed, probably breed, or formerly bred; of these, aquatic birds represent 57% and terrestrial birds 43%. The avifauna is heavily weighted toward Nearctic (39% of all forms) and Beringian (32%) forms, followed by Holarctic (21%), Palearctic (6%), and Oceanian (2%) forms; breeding taxa are even more heavily weighted toward Beringian (46%) and Nearctic (40%) forms. The Shumagins have few breeding waterfowl, other freshwater birds, and shorebirds and are not on important flyways for any of these groups, despite lying near important spring and fall staging areas on the nearby Alaska Peninsula. The seabird and terrestrial avifaunas are diverse and similar to those in nearby areas, especially the eastern Aleutians. Populations of several seabird species in the Shumagins have declined substantially over the last 40 years. Two terrestrial species, the Pacific Wren (Troglodytes pacificus) and Pine Grosbeak (Pinicola enucleator), have expanded their breeding ranges into this area, and breeding distributions of some terrestrial birds in the outer Shumagins appear to be changing. Changes in range or breeding status have been caused, at least in part, by predation by introduced foxes, overgrazing by introduced cattle degrading already limited habitat, and the introduction of ground squirrels.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87022065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blood Metabolites and Profiling Stored Adipose Tissue Reveal the Differential Migratory Strategies of Eurasian Reed and Sedge Warblers 血液代谢物和储存脂肪组织分析揭示了欧亚芦苇和莎草莺的不同迁徙策略

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.3390/birds3040024

P. Araújo, I. Viegas, L. P. da Silva, P. B. Lopes, L. Tavares, J. Ramos

{"title":"Blood Metabolites and Profiling Stored Adipose Tissue Reveal the Differential Migratory Strategies of Eurasian Reed and Sedge Warblers","authors":"P. Araújo, I. Viegas, L. P. da Silva, P. B. Lopes, L. Tavares, J. Ramos","doi":"10.3390/birds3040024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/birds3040024","url":null,"abstract":"The overall speed of bird migration is limited by the amount of fuel stores acquired during the initial phases of migration. The ability to mobilize fat is crucial for migratory birds that can exhibit different migratory strategies. Birds mobilize triglycerides during nocturnal flight thus increasing circulating fatty acids and glycerol to meet the metabolic demands of flight. Eurasian Reed (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) and Sedge (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus) Warblers were captured at Portuguese stopover sites during spring and autumn migration. These species were selected based on their different migration strategies and dietary preferences during migration. Blood metabolites and fat composition were analyzed to determine their nutritional states. Sedge Warblers had higher blood triglyceride and glycerol levels during post-flight fasting than in non-fasting periods. Furthermore, Sedge Warblers had higher triglyceride and glycerol levels than Eurasian Reed Warblers in both post-flight fasting and non-fasting condition. The differences found may reflect distinct approaches in re-feeding activity (e.g., feeding intensely) associated with the number of stopovers during migratory cycle. Dietary preferences affect the fat composition available for oxidation during long-term exercise in migratory flight. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of subcutaneous fat composition revealed that Sedge Warblers presented higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid levels than Eurasian Reed Warblers. The distinct lipidic profiles observed and differences in feeding ecology may explain the different migration strategies of these species. Overall and despite their ecological similarity, our study species showed pronounced differences in blood metabolites levels and subcutaneous fatty acids composition, likely attributed to the migratory strategy and foraging preferences during their migratory cycle.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83592902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Monk Parakeet’s (Myiopsitta monachus) Ecological Parameters after Five Decades of Invasion in Santiago Metropolis, Chile 智利圣地亚哥五十年入侵后僧侣长尾小鹦鹉的生态参数

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-10-09 DOI: 10.3390/birds3040023

Cristóbal Briceño, Matilde Larraechea, S. Alvarado

{"title":"Monk Parakeet’s (Myiopsitta monachus) Ecological Parameters after Five Decades of Invasion in Santiago Metropolis, Chile","authors":"Cristóbal Briceño, Matilde Larraechea, S. Alvarado","doi":"10.3390/birds3040023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/birds3040023","url":null,"abstract":"Monk Parakeets are considered one of the most invasive bird species given its unique capacity among psittacines to build their own communal nests. Originally introduced as pets in houses from where they escaped or were released, they are currently considered invasive in more than 20 countries worldwide. This is the case in Chile, where Monk Parakeets were introduced during the 1970s. Between 2016 and 2019 we searched Monk Parakeets’ nests structures in the Santiago metropolis region. We identified 1458 Monk Parakeets’ communal nests on 546 trees belonging to 34 tree species. Ninety-one percent of the occupied trees were also introduced. Paraná pine and cedar of Lebanon were the tree species with highest abundance of nests, averaging more than four nests/tree/species, with 23 and 18 maximum number of nests, respectively. Tasmanian blue gum and black locust were selected by parakeets more often than expected, based on availability. From all trees, 24.6% denoted health problems and 47.3% were pruned. The average nest height was 14.2 m and nests were observed mainly in secondary branches (59.3%). The occupancy rate was 89.7% and was associated to nest height and type of branch. During two reproductive seasons we quantified eggs and nestlings in chambers averaging 4.5 and 4.2, respectively. We provide a rough population size estimate and the characteristics of Monk Parakeets nest and tree selectivity, aiming to characterize several decades of a neglected urban invasion to warrant strategies for improved management measures.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87408831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Bird Communities and the Rehabilitation of Al Karaana Lagoons in Qatar 卡塔尔Al Karaana泻湖的鸟类群落和恢复

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/birds3040022

Ayaterahman Draidia, Momina Tareen, Nuran Bayraktar, E. Cramer, Kuei-Chiu Chen

{"title":"Bird Communities and the Rehabilitation of Al Karaana Lagoons in Qatar","authors":"Ayaterahman Draidia, Momina Tareen, Nuran Bayraktar, E. Cramer, Kuei-Chiu Chen","doi":"10.3390/birds3040022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/birds3040022","url":null,"abstract":"Qatar, a peninsular country in the Persian Gulf, is significant to avian species due to its location along the African–Eurasian Flyway, a key migratory path. Receiving untreated domestic and industrial liquid waste from Qatar in the past, Al Karaana Lagoons have since been reconstructed as an artificial wetland to address the growing environmental concern posed by contamination build-up. This study documents the changes in biodiversity at Al Karaana Lagoons following their environmental remediation. Data collected (2015 and 2017) by Ashghal (Public Works Authority) prior to project implementation was analyzed alongside data collected independently following project completion (2019–2021). There was a marked increase in bird biodiversity following remediation, including substantial use by migratory species and resident breeders. Further analysis of water quality data of the TSE (treated sewage effluent) ponds shows that they are eutrophic but still support substantial bird life. The project’s success demonstrates how reclaimed lands can provide important habitats to local and migratory birds and encourages similar restoration efforts in the future in both Qatar and elsewhere. We call for the continued monitoring of the site and the implementation of guidelines for the use of the site that balance human activities and habitat quality.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88028321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using Machine Learning to Identify Associations between the Environment, Occurrence, and Outcomes of Songbird Displacements at Supplemental Feeders 使用机器学习来识别补充喂食器中鸣禽位移的环境，发生和结果之间的关联

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.3390/birds3030021

C. Philson, Tara A. Pelletier, Sarah L. Foltz, Jason E. Davis

{"title":"Using Machine Learning to Identify Associations between the Environment, Occurrence, and Outcomes of Songbird Displacements at Supplemental Feeders","authors":"C. Philson, Tara A. Pelletier, Sarah L. Foltz, Jason E. Davis","doi":"10.3390/birds3030021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/birds3030021","url":null,"abstract":"The context and outcome of aggressive interactions between individuals has important fitness consequences. Displacements—an aggressive interaction wherein one individual is chased from a location by another—also have implications for social hierarchy formation and geographic distribution in songbirds. Morphological correlates, like body size, and social correlates, such as dominance rank, have been shown to mediate displacements in songbirds. However, the role of the physical environment, namely temperature, humidity, and time of day, which may influence an individual’s energy needs and thus displacement motivation, has remained understudied. We monitored songbird feeding and displacement behaviors using computerized automated feeders. We observed asymmetric differences across species in displacement involvement. To identify the conditions of the social and physical environment that are associated with the occurrence and outcome of songbird displacements at supplemental feeders, we use the machine learning approach, random forest, which is a novel method to the fields of ornithology and animal behavior. From our random forest models, we found that the attributes of the physical environment (i.e., humidity and the time of day) are associated with the occurrence of a displacement event, whereas the attributes of the social environment (i.e., species of the displacer and displaced individuals) are associated with which species are involved. These results provide context to develop further observational and experimental hypotheses to tease apart the inner workings of these multifactorial behaviors on a larger scale and provide a proof of concept for our analytical methods in the study of avian behavior.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84762372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Home Ranges and Migration Routes of Four Threatened Raptors in Central Asia: Preliminary Results 中亚四种濒危猛禽的栖息地和迁徙路线:初步结果

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.3390/birds3030020

M. Ram, Aradhana Sahu, S. Tikadar, D. Gadhavi, T. A. Rather, L. Jhala, Y. Zala

{"title":"Home Ranges and Migration Routes of Four Threatened Raptors in Central Asia: Preliminary Results","authors":"M. Ram, Aradhana Sahu, S. Tikadar, D. Gadhavi, T. A. Rather, L. Jhala, Y. Zala","doi":"10.3390/birds3030020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/birds3030020","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the migratory route of raptors in their breeding and wintering grounds is crucial for ensuring their effective conservation. This study presents the preliminary findings through satellite telemetry to describe the summer and winter home ranges, movement ecology, activity, and migration routes of single individuals of Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga), Indian Spotted Eagle (Clanga hastata), Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax), and Pallid Harrier (Circus macrourus). We calculated the home ranges as the minimum convex polygons (MCPs) and kernel utilisation distributions (KUD). Pallid Harrier had the smallest home range size of 4.29 km2 (95% MCP) and 3.98 km2 (95% KUD) in its breeding ground located in Russia, while the Greater Spotted Eagle had the largest home range size of 9331.71 km2 (95% MCP) and 5991.15 km2 (95% KUD) in Kazakhstan. The monthly and daily distances covered by tagged birds were significantly higher during migration. Our study also reports the first record of the winter and summer home range of the Indian Spotted Eagle in Pakistan. The tagged raptor used low elevation flyways than the straighter northern flyways over the Himalayan Mountain range, as found in another earlier study. Our study is the foremost satellite telemetry attempt from the region, highlighting important aspects of the migration route of migratory raptors to India.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85251215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chick Provisioning in Grey-Faced Petrel (Pterodroma gouldi) under Environmental Stress 环境胁迫下灰面海燕的雏鸟供给

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-09-10 DOI: 10.3390/birds3030019

J. Russell, Jemma R. Welch, R. Dunn, K. Bourgeois

{"title":"Chick Provisioning in Grey-Faced Petrel (Pterodroma gouldi) under Environmental Stress","authors":"J. Russell, Jemma R. Welch, R. Dunn, K. Bourgeois","doi":"10.3390/birds3030019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/birds3030019","url":null,"abstract":"Grey-faced Petrels (Pterodroma gouldi) are colonial burrowing seabirds predominantly nesting on offshore islands of the upper North Island of New Zealand. We studied their chick provisioning on Te Hāwere-a-Maki during two years of unfavourable warmer La Niña conditions in 2011 and 2013. We intensively monitored chicks in each year, weighing chicks every 12 h for 10 consecutive days to estimate meal sizes following chick provisioning and to estimate 12-hourly body mass loss as a function of time since last feeding. We found a quadratic relationship of body mass loss with time since last feeding, with rapid digestion of meals following provisioning followed by a period of fasting from five days post feeding as chicks waited an unknown and variable amount of time until their next meal. The rate of body mass loss did not depend on chick age nor body mass, and did not differ between years, but heavier chicks included in our study were more likely to successfully fledge, suggesting a legacy of adult provisioning prior to our study commencing. Our regular handling of chicks for monitoring has no discernible impact on parent provisioning compared to a set of control chicks. The mean estimates of 100-gram meal sizes and 10-day foraging trip durations are likely to be below the break-even point for this species.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84221159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Local Approach to Better Understand the Spread and Population Growth of the Monk Parakeet as an Invasive Species 一种更好地了解僧鹦鹉作为入侵物种的传播和种群增长的本地方法

Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.3390/birds3030018

Sandro López-Ramírez, A. Muñoz

{"title":"A Local Approach to Better Understand the Spread and Population Growth of the Monk Parakeet as an Invasive Species","authors":"Sandro López-Ramírez, A. Muñoz","doi":"10.3390/birds3030018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/birds3030018","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive exotic species are currently a topic of interest for environmental management agencies and the media. This is due to the socio-economic and environmental problems that they are causing or may cause. The Monk Parakeet is a clear example of this, especially in some large cities, where populations are growing quickly, and their distribution continues to expand. In our study, we focused on a population that has been closely monitored during the last 25 years to understand its growth and change on a local scale to determine the maximum sustainable population size in the invaded area and to check when this population began to act as a source of new breeding colonies to adjacent areas. The first breeding of the species occurred in 2002, and from then, the average growth rate (r) of the population was 0.191 until 2016, when it stabilized and declined slightly (r = −0.043). The maximum growth rate occurred during the years 2002 and 2007 and was 0.314. The results obtained give us information about the carrying capacity of the study area, allowing us to explain the dispersal process of the species to neighbouring areas, with populations that have reached maximum size serving as sources of individuals dispersing to suitable areas. In our study area, the species shows a strong preference for building its nests in palm trees and electric utility structures. Our study’s local focus on studying the population dynamics of an invasive species may allow us to understand the increased range of the species on a larger scale, which is necessary in order to be able to design appropriate and effective management strategies.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82017375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2