Respiratory research & clinical practice最新文献

{"title":"Changes in the epidemiological profile of Bordetella pertussis infection.","authors":"Francine Bester Damian, Maria Fernanda Goncalves Meirelles Fernandes, Ana Barbosa Zocolotti, Marcos Otávio Brum Antunes, Leonardo Araújo Pinto","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260401","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260401","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20260401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic profile of individuals eligible for lung cancer screening according to Brazilian guidelines: a national analysis.","authors":"Ricardo Rodrigues Pereira, Samira Mariana de Campos Pereira","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250391","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the sociodemographic profile of individuals eligible for lung cancer screening according to Brazilian guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study using data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging. We included individuals 50-80 years of age, with a smoking history of ≥ 20 pack-years, who were either current smokers or former smokers who had quit within the past 15 years. Demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 8,946 participants, 577 were eligible. Most (57.4%) were male and 37.4% were between 55 and 59 years of age. Black and Brown (mixed-race) participants accounted for 53.5% of the sample, and 60.6% had < 9 years of schooling. Self-rated health was poor/fair in 52.5% of the individuals, 89.3% had no private health insurance, and 41.9% were in the lowest tertile for household income. Our findings show that eligible individuals often present features associated with social vulnerability, such as a low level of education, low income, and limited access to health care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results highlight the importance of considering sociodemographic factors in the implementation of lung cancer screening strategies, to ensure equity in access and effectiveness of public policies aimed at early diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20250391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory syncytial virus as a major driver of SARS in Brazilian children under five years of age: a national surveillance study, 2022-2023.","authors":"Ana L Bierrenbach, Olivia T Ranzani","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250512","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the burden and characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections among children under five years of age in Brazil during the post-COVID-19 period by using national surveillance data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of reported SARS cases in the Brazilian National Epidemiological Surveillance Information System for the 2022-2023 period. RSV cases were confirmed by antigen or polymerase chain reaction testing and compared with SARS cases of other defined or undefined etiologies. Data were analyzed by age, sex, region of the country, yearly quarter, hospitalization status, and ICU admission. The proportions of RSV-positive cases among total SARS cases and among those with a confirmed etiology were calculated, along with notification rates by age group per 100,000 population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of a total of 244,345 SARS cases in children under five years of age, 16.9% were RSV-positive, whereas 60.5% had an undefined etiology. Among SARS cases with a confirmed etiology, RSV accounted for 42.8%, with the highest proportions being observed in infants under six months of age. ICU admission was more common in younger infants (47% in those < 1 month of age). Mortality was low (≈1%), being highest among infants under six months of age. Seasonal peaks occurred mainly between April and May, varying across regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RSV remains a major cause of severe respiratory infection and hospitalization among young children in Brazil, particularly infants under six months of age. Strengthening RSV surveillance and expanding preventive strategies-including maternal vaccination and monoclonal antibody use-are key to reducing its impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20250512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed diagnosis of cystic fibrosis: clinical burden and missed opportunities in a cohort from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.","authors":"Renata Wrobel Folescu Cohen, Tania Wrobel Folescu, Leonardo Yllel Rocha, Monica Taulois, Patrícia Fernandes Barreto Machado Costa, Raphael Freitas Jaber de Oliveira","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260136","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosed outside neonatal screening programs at two referral centers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to assess the impact of diagnostic delay on disease severity at the time of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 54 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CF evaluated at two CF referral centers in Rio de Janeiro between 2019 and 2023. Data collected included age at diagnosis, neonatal screening history, clinical manifestations at diagnosis, previous misdiagnoses, microbiological findings, pulmonary function, and nutritional status. Patients were stratified by age at diagnosis (< 5, 5-12, 13-17, and ≥ 18 years) and by pediatric versus adult diagnosis. Chi-square tests were used for categorical comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 54 patients, 59.3% were male, and 98.1% were not identified by neonatal screening. Median age at diagnosis was 11 years (IQR: 4.5-23.5). Diagnosis during adulthood occurred in 31.5% of patients. Bronchiectasis was present in 88.2% of adults compared with 47.1% of pediatric cases (p = 0.0045). CF-related diabetes was exclusively observed in adults (41.2%; p < 0.001). Prior misdiagnosis occurred in 45 patients (83.3%), most commonly asthma (24.1%), tuberculosis (11.1%), or idiopathic bronchiectasis (7.4%). At diagnosis, the median FEV₁ was 62% of the predicted value among patients with available spirometry. Bacterial airway infection was detected in 81.5% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Late CF diagnosis in Rio de Janeiro occurred predominantly outside neonatal screening programs, with a median age at diagnosis of 11 years, reflecting substantial missed opportunities for early intervention. Diagnosis during adulthood is associated with higher rates of bronchiectasis and CF-related diabetes, highlighting the irreversible structural and metabolic burden associated with diagnostic delay.</p>","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20260136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swimming-induced pulmonary edema.","authors":"Pedro Paulo Teixeira E Silva Torres, Fernanda Miranda de Oliveira, Edson Marchiori","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250501","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20250501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical phenotypes of obstructive sleep apnea identified using cluster analysis.","authors":"Eduardo Borsini, Sebastián Leiva Agüero, Magalí Blanco","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250497","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe clinical obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) phenotypes based on emerging groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients referred for home sleep respiratory assessment. Cluster analysis was conducted based on sex, age, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score, BMI, neck > 40 cm (women) or > 42 cm (men), hypertension, and time spent with SpO₂ below 90% (T<90%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The K-means algorithm identified three groups: 1) Severe obesity, borderline sleepiness (n = 1,026) with a mean BMI of 34.7 kg/m², ESS score of 9.3, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 31.3 events/h, and T<90% of 4.9 (%); 2) Moderate disease burden, asymptomatic without hypoxemia (n = 497) with a mean BMI = 28.5 kg/m², ESS score = 6.6, AHI = 25.7 events/h, and T<90% of 1.8%; and 3) Sleepy patients with severe OSA (n = 993) with a mean BMI = 29.5 kg/m², ESS score = 13.6, AHI = 33.9 events/h, and T<90% of 3.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large sample of Latin American patients with OSA diagnosed using home respiratory polygraphy, cluster analysis identified three clinically relevant phenotypes. Notably, severe OSA was observed both in patients with severe obesity and borderline daytime symptoms and in overweight patients with excessive daytime sleepiness. These findings highlight the heterogeneity of OSA and emphasize the need for individualized phenotype-based clinical approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20250497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multidimensional index with SpO₂ at rest for predicting progressive pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Soraya Abou El Hosn Cordero, Ana Carolina Lima Resende, Eliane Mancuzo, Karin Storrer, Letícia Ferreira Neves Arantes, Fernanda Aguiar, Maria Raquel Soares, Carlos Alberto de Castro Pereira","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250336","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20250336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop a multidimensional weighted score for progressive fibrotic interstitial lung disease (fILD) on the basis of mortality risk and compare the score with the progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) guideline and Efficacy and Safety of Nintedanib in Patients with Progressive Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Disease (INBUILD) trial criteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of fILD patients evaluated from January of 2008 to January of 2020. Disease progression was evaluated by changes in dyspnea, HRCT findings, FVC, DL_CO, and SpO₂. Associations between the disease progression criteria and survival were analyzed by means of Kaplan-Meier curves. By means of univariate Cox regression, a score was determined on the basis of the relative weights for the progression criteria. The score was derived and tested within the same cohort. We compared the score with the PPF guideline and INBUILD trial criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 380 patients were evaluated. Cox regression was used in order to assign points to the progression criteria: a decrease of < 90% in SpO₂ at rest (2 points); disease progression on HRCT (2 points); worsening dyspnea (1 point); a decrease ≥ 3% in SpO₂ at rest (1 point); a decrease of 5-9% in FVC (1 point); and a decrease ≥ 10% in FVC (2 points). The final score was categorized as follows: low risk, 0-2 points (n = 244), median survival = undetermined; intermediate risk, 3-4 points (n = 61), median survival = 81 months (95% CI, 65-96); and high risk, ≥ 5 points (n = 75), median survival = 57 months (95% CI, 38-75; p < 0.001). A total of 136 patients (35.8%) showed disease progression. Kappa concordance was 0.92 (p < 0.001) for the PPF guideline criteria and 0.81 (p < 0.001) for the INBUILD trial criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A multidimensional weighted score allows us to estimate the risk of progressive fILD. When dichotomized, the concordance with the PPF guideline and INBUILD trial criteria is high. External validation is required before routine clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20250336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four decades applying clinical physiology to respiratory medicine: a personal account of occasional certainties and perennial doubts.","authors":"José Alberto Neder","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260373","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260373","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20260373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13622976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting implementation of new anti-tuberculosis regimens: the role of Brazil in the FAST-TB End-User Survey.","authors":"Denise Rossato Silva, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz Mello, Tatiana Galvão, Rosella Centis, Lia D'Ambrosio, Alessandra Bellavia, Giovanni Battista Migliori","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260343","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260343","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20260343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spirometry begins before expiration: why acceptability must be reported.","authors":"Maurício Domingues Ferreira","doi":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260147","DOIUrl":"10.36416/1806-3756/e20260147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":524203,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory research & clinical practice","volume":"52 4","pages":"e20260147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}