Kaitlin E Bountress, Christopher Latourrette, Kirstin L Purves, Thomas McGregor, Emily Lasko, Abigale Dagher, Danielle M Dick, Thalia C Eley, Ananda B Amstadter
{"title":"Use of the FLARe Smartphone App in a Trauma-Exposed Sample: A Feasibility Study.","authors":"Kaitlin E Bountress, Christopher Latourrette, Kirstin L Purves, Thomas McGregor, Emily Lasko, Abigale Dagher, Danielle M Dick, Thalia C Eley, Ananda B Amstadter","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000647","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Laboratory-based paradigms allow for the collection of multimodal assessments. A fear conditioning (FC) paradigm, capturing one key risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder, has been administered in a lab-based format. Recently, a smartphone-based application (app, specifically called \"Fear Learning and Anxiety Response, FLARe\") of this FC paradigm has been administered within control and anxiety samples. However, this app has not been administered to trauma-exposed individuals. Thus, the primary goal of this study was to test the feasibility of this app among those with a trauma history. Results suggest that this app can be administered to trauma-exposed individuals and that they acquire fear, defined as expectancy that a loud noise will occur, to previously neutral stimuli (t = -12.55, p < .001), and then extinguish that fear immediately (t = -4.95, p < .001), and the next day (t = -4.01, p < .001). Thus, study findings provide preliminary evidence that this FC task is not functioning in the same way in the app as it does in the lab for trauma-exposed participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"E102-E113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13580089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived Nurse Stigma Experienced by Mothers With Perinatal Substance Use Disorder: A Concept Analysis.","authors":"Kalyn M Renbarger, Clayton Shuman","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000675","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perinatal substance use disorders (SUDs) are a significant health problem in the United States and can have negative consequences to maternal-infant health outcomes. Nurses are frequent points of contact for mothers with perinatal SUD. Perceived nurse stigma experienced by mothers with perinatal SUD can interfere with evidence-based practices for mother-infant dyads.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to analyze and define the concept of perceived nurse stigma experienced by mothers with perinatal SUD to improve nursing practice and health outcomes for this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a concept analysis approach. A comprehensive literature search was conducted and resulted in 16 studies for inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five defining attributes of perceived nurse stigma were identified and included (1) perinatal SUD, (2) interactions with nurses, (3) perspectives of mothers with perinatal SUD, (4) negative behaviors of nurses, and (5) organizational culture. Consequences to perceived nurse stigma for mothers with perinatal SUD included internal stigma, disengagement in infants' care, and challenges to form therapeutic relationships with their nurses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This concept analysis provides a theoretical foundation for future studies related to perceived nurse stigma experienced by mothers with perinatal SUD. Five main defining attributes were revealed to better describe the concept. Future studies should focus on the development of instruments to measure perceived nurse stigma and interventions to address perceived nurse stigma to improve nursing care and maternal-infant health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"E231-E244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deborah A Salani, Beatriz Valdes, Deana Goldin, Christopher Weidlich, Martin M Zdanowicz
{"title":"Examining the Fourth Wave of the Opioid Epidemic: What Nurses Need to Know?","authors":"Deborah A Salani, Beatriz Valdes, Deana Goldin, Christopher Weidlich, Martin M Zdanowicz","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000649","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The United States continues to experience an opioid epidemic, which has been described by three waves: prescription opioid use, heroin use, and use of synthetic fentanyl analogs. Currently, a new \"fourth wave\" has emerged, which includes the use of stimulants (methamphetamine and cocaine) and synthetic opioids. Combining stimulants with high-potency synthetic opioids, such as fentanyl and fentanyl analogs, is associated with an increased mortality. Recent changes in methamphetamine production have led to a surge in supply, purity, and potency, thereby exacerbating the crisis. Nurses must understand the physical and mental health impacts of these substances and recognize overdose signs, ensuring patient and staff safety during care. Evidence-based guidelines and Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for stimulant use disorder are essential, with current emphasis on behavioral therapies. Nurses play a crucial role in implementing these strategies and must stay abreast of evolving best practices in managing this complex epidemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"167-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nichole Nidey, Susan Ford, Heather C Kaplan, Mona Prasad, Carole Lannon
{"title":"Key Features of Care Models for Mother-Infant Dyads Affected by Opioid Use Disorder.","authors":"Nichole Nidey, Susan Ford, Heather C Kaplan, Mona Prasad, Carole Lannon","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000674","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnant and postpartum individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) and their infants face major disparities in access to preventive health care. National data show they are over 50% less likely to receive recommended prenatal, postpartum, and well-child visits and more likely to rely on emergency or hospital care. To address these inequities, the Ohio Perinatal Quality Collaborative launched the Maternal-Infant Dyad Project in 2022 with seven multidisciplinary health care teams across the state. The project sought to identify and elevate strategies that improve care for mother-infant dyads affected by maternal OUD. Each team completed a 23-item survey, developed through literature review and expert input, assessing four domains of dyad-focused care: (1) evidence-based clinical care, (2) accessible and integrated services, (3) transitions to primary care, and (4) a strengths-based, inclusive culture. Teams then ranked their top three priorities. The most frequently identified strategies were (1) creating individualized care plans that integrate medication for OUD and behavioral health supports; (2) assigning a dedicated person to link patients with providers and community resources; and (3) conducting recurring case reviews among key stakeholders to coordinate care. Findings reinforce prior research and national guidelines, underscoring the importance of patient-centered planning, care navigation, and team-based coordination. Perinatal quality collaboratives like Ohio's are well positioned to lead future quality-improvement efforts that center equity and advance care for maternal-infant dyads affected by OUD through continued collaboration with nurses, frontline providers, and systems-level partners.</p>","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"E223-E230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nickole A Morgan, Mary Ellen Wright, Amanda N Stover
{"title":"Overdose Risk Reduction Using Fentanyl Test Strips: Education for Nurse Practitioners.","authors":"Nickole A Morgan, Mary Ellen Wright, Amanda N Stover","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000663","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>From 2015 to 2021, the number of fatal overdoses related to fentanyl quadrupled from less than 20,000 to over 70,000 deaths. Fentanyl test strips (FTS) are a harm reduction and low-cost method of drug checking equipment.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this project is to provide education to nurse practitioners on the risk reduction strategy for the prevention of overdose deaths using FTS and incorporate this teaching method into their health care practices and patient education interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An educational in-service was held at the Appalachian American Alliance of Nurse Practitioners annual conference. The education included a pretest, a 40-minute educational session, and a posttest survey was conducted upon completion of the education. Participants also reviewed state-specific legislation and regulatory information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-six participants completed the pretest, and 56 completed the posttest. After the educational intervention, the posttest responses showed significant improvement (p < .05 across all questions).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By providing education to nurse practitioners about the risk reduction strategy for overdose prevention using FTS, practitioners can incorporate harm reduction approaches into their routine health care practices and patient education interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"E177-E183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stanley Wong, Rachel Greben, Lindsay Coyne, Ari B Cuperfain, Ryan Tham, Maria Zhang, Tianna Costa, Satinder Kaur, Raymond Borja, Simon J C Davies
{"title":"Necrosis or Related Skin Changes After Subcutaneous Injection of Buprenorphine Extended-Release: A Case Series.","authors":"Stanley Wong, Rachel Greben, Lindsay Coyne, Ari B Cuperfain, Ryan Tham, Maria Zhang, Tianna Costa, Satinder Kaur, Raymond Borja, Simon J C Davies","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000681","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe eight cases of necrosis and related skin changes following a once-monthly subcutaneous buprenorphine extended-release (Bup-XR) injection, identify potential risk factors, and increase clinician awareness of this adverse drug reaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case series of all patients reported to have necrosis or related skin changes after subcutaneous Bup-XR injection in one psychiatric hospital between February 1, 2023, and September 30, 2024. We collected demographic data, clinical characteristics, psychiatric and medical comorbidities, substance use patterns, treatment details (dose and injection site location), and outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data.</p><p><strong>Cases: </strong>Eight individual cases were identified (six males, mean age 41.25 years). Common symptoms reported by patients with this adverse drug reaction included pain (5/8 cases), erythema (4/8 cases), induration (2/8 cases), and edema (2/8 cases). Common clinical features were cocaine/crack-cocaine use (5/8 cases), nicotine use (6/8 cases), and anxiety or mood disorders (5/8 cases). The most frequent medical comorbidity was gastroesophageal reflux disease (3/8 cases). Two cases occurred from the same lot of Bup-XR injections supplied by the manufacturer.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We identified eight cases of necrosis or related skin changes in people who received subcutaneous Bup-XR injections. Clinicians, nurses, and pharmacists should be aware of this rare but potentially important adverse reaction when Bup-XR is prescribed. Clinical attributes common to more than half of the cases included male sex, middle age, cocaine/crack-cocaine usage, nicotine usage, and comorbid mood or anxiety disorders. Further research is required to establish whether these attributes are risk factors for adverse reactions of this kind.</p>","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"E284-E293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer L Brown, Sofia Rubi, Gina M Wingood, Ariadna Capasso, Yolanda R Villarreal, Angela L Stotts, Ralph J DiClemente
{"title":"Development of the Safe Start Intervention: A Computer- and Nurse-Delivered Alcohol Reduction Intervention for Pregnant Women.","authors":"Jennifer L Brown, Sofia Rubi, Gina M Wingood, Ariadna Capasso, Yolanda R Villarreal, Angela L Stotts, Ralph J DiClemente","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000676","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Despite the potential harms of prenatal alcohol exposure, drinking during pregnancy remains a pressing public health concern. Efficacious interventions to reduce alcohol use among pregnant women that can be implemented within prenatal care are urgently needed. This paper describes the development and cultural adaptation of the Safe Start intervention, a brief computer- and nurse-delivered alcohol reduction intervention for pregnant women to be delivered within prenatal care clinics.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The Safe Start intervention consists of two interactive computer-delivered and three brief nurse-delivered sessions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The format and content of the intervention were designed to be tailored to women's racial and ethnic backgrounds and drinking goals. A women's patient advisory group provided feedback to inform the intervention's development and tailoring of the intervention's content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We overview the theoretical foundations of the Safe Start intervention and the approach to adaptation of intervention material. The format and content of the Safe Start intervention's computer- and nurse-delivered components are described.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interventions to reduce alcohol use during pregnancy that can be integrated within prenatal care are urgently needed. If efficacious in reducing alcohol use, the Safe Start intervention offers the promise of a brief, cost-effective, easily disseminated intervention for pregnant women who consume alcohol.</p>","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"E245-E252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Awareness and Beliefs of University Students About Thirdhand Smoke: A Cross-Sectional Study for Health Promotion.","authors":"Bahar Türkmenoğlu, Nuran Güler","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000673","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine university students' awareness and beliefs regarding thirdhand smoke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Conducted as a descriptive cross-sectional study, 359 university students participated. Data were collected using the Thirdhand Smoke Awareness Scale and the Thirdhand Smoke Beliefs Scale. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses were performed to evaluate the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students demonstrated generally high awareness and belief scores regarding thirdhand smoke (mean awareness score: 4.05 ± 0.70; belief score: 3.97 ± 0.76). Nonsmoking students had significantly higher awareness and belief levels compared with smokers (p < .05). Additionally, students residing in smoke-free environments scored significantly higher on these scales (p < .05). A positive and significant correlation was found between thirdhand smoke awareness and beliefs (p < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although university students demonstrate high levels of awareness and belief regarding thirdhand smoke, awareness of its environmental persistence remains insufficient and should be further enhanced. It is recommended that educational programs and public health campaigns be expanded to raise awareness on this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"E215-E222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marissa D Abram, Maryta Marzano, Michael Baca Atlas, Adam Searby
{"title":"Early Promise, Persistent Gaps: Do GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Have a Role in Substance Use Disorder Treatment?","authors":"Marissa D Abram, Maryta Marzano, Michael Baca Atlas, Adam Searby","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000713","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000713","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"147-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebecca Sutter-Barrett, Nancy R B Spencer, Nora Elnahas, Rexford Anson-Dwamena, Wanderimam Tuktur, Rebecca Hurd
{"title":"Opioid Use and Overdose Among Justice-Involved Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study of Social Determinants of Health.","authors":"Rebecca Sutter-Barrett, Nancy R B Spencer, Nora Elnahas, Rexford Anson-Dwamena, Wanderimam Tuktur, Rebecca Hurd","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000678","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Justice-involved individuals with opioid use history face significant social determinants of health challenges that may influence recovery outcomes. This cross-sectional study examined the association between 24 demographic and social determinants of health variables and two outcomes: self-reported opioid use within 1 month and previous overdose. Participants (N = 255) were recently released from incarceration and enrolled in a peer-based recovery program. Bivariate analyses and exploratory logistic regression models were used to examine patterns of association. Peer meeting attendance was associated with a significantly lower likelihood of recent opioid use, suggesting a protective influence of social connection. In contrast, transportation insecurity and co-occurring mental health diagnoses were associated with increased odds of both opioid use and overdose, underscoring potential barriers to recovery. Other observed associations included younger age, race, health care access challenges, and parental status. Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) enrollment was also associated with prior overdose history, potentially reflecting more severe use patterns among individuals identified for treatment. Notably, financial insecurity was linked to reduced opioid use, and having children was associated with lower overdose risk, though these relationships may reflect short-term or contextual elements. These findings highlight the complex amalgam of social, health, and economic factors that may shape opioid use and overdose patterns in this population. For nurses in corrections and community health, understanding the cumulative effects of transportation, health care access, mental health, and social support is essential for improving engagement and promoting recovery outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":524201,"journal":{"name":"International journal of addiction nursing","volume":"37 3","pages":"E253-E263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}