Ohio Journal of Sciences最新文献_第5页

Book Review - America’s Other Audubon, 2012. Joy M. Kiser 书评-《美国的另一个奥杜邦》，2012年。Joy M.Kiser

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.18061/ojs.v118i2.6670

Robert C. Glotzhober

引用次数: 0

Table of Contents 目录

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.18061/ojs.v118i2.6668

The Ohio Academy of Science

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Announcement from The Ohio Journal of Science Editor 来自《俄亥俄科学杂志》编辑的公告

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6675

L. E. Elfner

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Front Cover 前盖

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.18061/ojs.v118i2.6667

The Ohio Academy of Science

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Book Review - The Prairie Peninsula, 2017. Gary Meszaros and Guy L. Denny 书评-草原半岛，2017。Gary Meszaros和Guy L.Denny

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6672

Robert C. Glotzhober

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Letter to a Young Scientist 给一位年轻科学家的信

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6674

N. Daniels

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A New Map of Pleistocene Proglacial Lake Tight Based on GIS Modeling and Analysis 基于GIS建模与分析的更新世前冰期湖泊分布图

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-05 DOI: 10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6548

James L. Erjavec

{"title":"A New Map of Pleistocene Proglacial Lake Tight Based on GIS Modeling and Analysis","authors":"James L. Erjavec","doi":"10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6548","url":null,"abstract":"Glacial-age Lake Tight was first mapped by John F. Wolfe in 1942. Wolfe compiled his map from photographs of 50 USGS topographic maps, and used the 900-foot contour to delineate its shoreline. An estimate, as reported by Hansen in 1987, suggested an area of approximately 18,130 km2 (7,000 mi2) for the lake. Using a geographic information system (GIS) environment, an updated map of Lake Tight was developed employing the 275-meter (902-foot) elevation contour. Calculations now suggest the area of Lake Tight was 43 percent larger or approximately 26,000 km2 (10,040 mi2) and the volume approximately 1,120 km3 (268 mi3). The reconstruction of Lake Tight in a GIS creates a spatial analysis platform that can support research on the origin and development of the lake, the geologic processes that occurred as a consequence of the advance of the pre-Illinoian ice, and the origin of the Ohio River. The development of the upper Ohio Valley during the Quaternary Period remains one of the outstanding problems in North American geology. The details of the transition from the Teays River to Lake Tight, and from Lake Tight to the Ohio River, are poorly understood despite more than 100-years passing since the first significant study of those changes. A refined understanding of the area and depth of Lake Tight is essential but is complicated by fundamental unknowns—such as the location of the pre-Illinoian ice margin and the extent and consequence of isostatic flexure of the lithosphere due to ice-loading and lake-loading. Given the assumptions required for the model, the accuracy of both the raster data and the 1942 topographic maps, and the paucity of essential field data, mapping the lake shoreline at the widely cited 274.32-meter (900-foot) contour would not provide increased verifiable accuracy.","PeriodicalId":52416,"journal":{"name":"Ohio Journal of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46489114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

On-Board Ultrasonic Water-in-Diesel Emulsion (WiDE) Fuel System for Low-Emission Diesel Engine Combustion 用于低排放柴油机燃烧的车载超声柴油水乳化(宽)燃料系统

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-11-26 DOI: 10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6443

K. Kojima, J. Kojima

{"title":"On-Board Ultrasonic Water-in-Diesel Emulsion (WiDE) Fuel System for Low-Emission Diesel Engine Combustion","authors":"K. Kojima, J. Kojima","doi":"10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6443","url":null,"abstract":"Water-in-diesel emulsion (WiDE) fuel is a promising alternative fuel capable of reducing nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter (PM) in diesel engine exhaust while simultaneously preserving combustion efficiency of the engine. However, the instability of WiDE fuel—and the high costs of production and transportation—hinder its commercialization and widespread use. An on-board ultrasonic WiDE fuel supply system is proposed as a solution to this challenge. This system allows diesel fuel and water to be continuously emulsified on-board a diesel vehicle. Diesel fuel and water, stored in individual reservoirs, are conveyed in specific ratios to an in-line mixing chamber and are rapidly homogenized by ultrasonic cavitation before entering the fuel injectors. The produced emulsion fuel is then supplied to the engine. A proof-of-concept study was conducted to compare exhaust emissions between emulsion fuels and conventional fuels. Open-flame combustion experiments were conducted using a lab-scale burner to test the system with both diesel and biodiesel fuels. Unique optical diagnostics and image-processing techniques were used to estimate PM emission levels. Results showed a reduction of PM with the use of the on-board WiDE system compared to traditional diesel fuels. PM emissions from biodiesel fuel were reduced by 58% when water-in-biodiesel emulsion was combusted with 2% water. Additionally, a PM emission reduction of 35% was achieved through emulsification of diesel fuel with 2% water. This prototype demonstrates the potential for the on-board WiDE fuel supply concept to both overcome the traditional barriers hindering the commercialization of WiDE fuel and preserve its low-emission and superior combustion efficiency characteristics.","PeriodicalId":52416,"journal":{"name":"Ohio Journal of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44709163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Source Locality Effects on Restoration Potential in Sphagnum palustre L. from 3 Ohio Sites 来源地方性对俄亥俄州3个地点褐藻恢复潜力的影响

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6354

T. Miller, R. Mitchell

{"title":"Source Locality Effects on Restoration Potential in Sphagnum palustre L. from 3 Ohio Sites","authors":"T. Miller, R. Mitchell","doi":"10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6354","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding whether propagules from different donor sources differ in their performance at a site may be important for restoration of many habitats. This study aimed at evaluating source effects in Sphagnum palustre L, a peatland moss species, for potential use in a restoration setting. Tamarack Bog, a remnant peatland in Bath Township, Ohio, is being restored. One goal is to increase Sphagnum coverage. This study focused on the dominant species of peat moss at the bog, S. palustre. To test for source effects, S. palustre and water samples were collected from 3 different locations (Mentor Marsh, Tamarack Bog, and Singer Lake) and used in 2 experiments. Plant performance was assessed by measuring growth in length and increase in mass. In the first experiment, a full factorial test was conducted: moss sampled from each location was grown directly in water collected from each location. In the second experiment—also a full factorial test—moss sampled from each location was separately grown on a uniform, commercially harvested, peat substrate and supplied with water collected from each location. In the design of both experiments, local adaptation would be indicated by better performance (both experiments measured length change and mass change, plus capitulum counts in the second experiment) for plants grown in their home water source than for plants grown in water from other sites. Ultimately, the study team did not observe evidence for local adaptation in these experiments. However, there were strong plant source effects in both experiments and some indication of differences in response to the water from different sources. Interpreting these results from a restoration standpoint, using donor plants from several source sites may improve the success of restoration.","PeriodicalId":52416,"journal":{"name":"Ohio Journal of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42527432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mass-length Relationships for 3 Bee Species in Northwest Ohio 俄亥俄州西北部3种蜜蜂的体长关系

Ohio Journal of Sciences Pub Date : 2018-10-17 DOI: 10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6433

Justin D. Burdine, Erin Plummer, M. Seidel, K. McCluney

{"title":"Mass-length Relationships for 3 Bee Species in Northwest Ohio","authors":"Justin D. Burdine, Erin Plummer, M. Seidel, K. McCluney","doi":"10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6433","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to accurately estimate bee mass through measurements of intertegular distance (ITD) is an important tool for field biologists. ITD is the distance between the bases of the 2 wing tegulae on the bee’s thorax. However, the relationship between ITD and bee mass can vary based on species and sampling region. A collection of 92 bees—representing 3 species—was examined to assess the accuracy of ITD in estimating dry mass for bees in northwest Ohio. The focus was on 3 species: silky striped sweat bees (Agapostemon sericeus), honey bees (Apis mellifera), and common eastern bumble bees (Bombus impatiens). Overall, there was a positive correlation between ITD and dry mass across all individuals sampled (R2 = 0.77), but within species the degree of correlation varied significantly. The results suggest that ITD accurately estimates dry mass in silky striped sweat bees (R2 = 0.93), but the correlation weakens in common eastern bumble bees (R2 = 0.54) and is non-existent in honey bees (R2 = 0.39). Field biologists interested in using ITD to estimate bee mass should take preliminary measurements when investigating bumble bees, and should avoid ITD estimates in honey bees.","PeriodicalId":52416,"journal":{"name":"Ohio Journal of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47953103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3