The Gulf journal of oncology最新文献

{"title":"Original Article | Epstein-Barr Virus Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Cross-Sectional Study from Aden, Yemen.","authors":"Gamal Abdul Hamid, Abdullateef Mohammed Atef","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) incidence in Yemen shows distinct patterns, influenced by unique risk factors like qat chewing alongside tobacco, smoking, and viral infections. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an established oncogenic virus, particularly for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study investigated EBV seroprevalence, infection status, and associations with demographic and risk factors in Yemeni HNSCC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Oncology Center, Aden, Yemen (Jan-Dec 2023). One hundred histologically confirmed HNSCC patients provided informed consent. Data on demographics, tumor characteristics (site, stage, histology), risk factors (tobacco, smoking, qat chewing, family history), and blood group were collected via records and questionnaires. EBV infection status (primary, past, reactivation) was determined using Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA) for EA IgG, NA IgG, VCA IgG, and VCA IgM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients had a mean age of 53.2 ± 14.7 years, with peaks in 36-54 (41%) and 55-73 (40%) years. Males predominated (M:F = 2.45:1). The nasopharynx was the most common site (48%). Most patients presented with advanced disease (Stage III: 57%, Stage IV: 29%). Qat chewing was the leading risk factor (74%), followed by tobacco use (68%) and cigarette smoking (50%), showing significant associations (p<0.05). EBV infection was highly prevalent: 8% primary, 39% past, 53% reactivation (p<0.001). CLIA positivity was high for VCA IgG (99%), NA IgG (88%), and EA IgG (61%). EA IgG positivity was significantly associated with infection status (p<0.001). Reactivation infection was strongly linked to NPC (66%). Blood group A was associated with increased NPC risk (52.0% of NPC patients).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a high burden of EBV infection, particularly reactivation, among Yemeni HNSCC patients, with a striking predominance of NPC. Qat chewing emerges as a major local risk factor alongside tobacco and smoking. The association of EBV reactivation and blood group A with NPC underscores the virus's significant role in HNSCC pathogenesis within this population. These findings emphasize the need for EBV screening in HNSCC management and targeted public health interventions against modifiable risks like qat and tobacco in Yemen.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 51","pages":"26-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148274608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Original Article | Immunohistochemical Expression of BCL2 (B cell lymphoma 2) in Invasive Breast Carcinoma and its Correlation with Clinicopathological Parameters.","authors":"Prajakta A Shinde, Siddhi Gaurish Sinai Khandeparkar, Bageshri P Gogate, Mohini Shahaji Patil, Sanika Patrikar, Mitali Anil Khot, Shrutika Ashok Bodhale, Pratiksha Krishna Sarak","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer and foremost cause of death in women.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study was conducted to study the BCL2 expression in BC and its correlation with other clinicopathological parameters such as histological grade, tumor size, lymph node status, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu), Ki67 status and molecular subtypes in Indian setting.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty cases of BC diagnosed between 2015 and 2020 were included in the study. A technique of manual tissue microarray was employed for the analysis of expression of IHC markers such as BCL2, ER, PR, Her2/neu, Ki67, CK5/6 and EGFR in all cases. Results were subjected to statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BCL2 positivity was seen in 36% cases of BC of which 22.22% were HER2 enriched, 33.33% were hormone receptor positive, 38.89% were triple negative (TNBC) non-classifiable, and 5.56% were of basal like BC (BLBC) molecular subtype. Maximum cases of BC showing loss of BCL2 expression showed a statistically insignificant association with higher tumor grade and stage, lymph node positivity, presence of lymphovascular invasion, absence of ER/PR and HER2/neu expression, and Ki67 positivity. 34% cases were of hormone receptor positive BC cases. BCL2 was found positive in 35.29% of hormone receptor positive BC cases. 44% cases were TNBC. BCL2 was found positive in 36.36% of TNBC cases. 20% cases were BLBC. BCL2 was found positive in 10% of BLBC cases. Maximum cases of hormone receptor positive BC, TNBC and BLBC showing loss of BCL2 expression showed a statistically insignificant association with higher grade and stage, lymph node positivity, lymphovascular invasion, and Ki67 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BCL2 can serve as a useful prognostic marker and merits inclusion in the routine IHC panel for breast cancer, as it may contribute to the development of individualized, tailored therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 51","pages":"14-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148274617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial | Artificial Intelligence-Augmented Breast Ultrasound: Advancing Diagnostic Precision and Equity in Cancer Care in Kuwait.","authors":"Michael A Masoomi, Latifa Al-Kandari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer poses a significant public health concern in Kuwait, accounting for 37.4% of all newly diagnosed female cancer cases as reported by the Kuwait National Cancer Registry. The rising incidence, coupled with variability in imaging expertise, contributes to diagnostic delays and disparities in patient care. Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly become a transformative tool supporting breast ultrasound, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, standardization, and assistance for non-specialist providers. This editorial evaluates the potential of AI-enabled ultrasound to improve diagnostic performance by increasing sensitivity, decreasing false positive rates, and reducing inter-observer variability, while also addressing structural inequities that affect cancer outcomes within the region. Recent advancements in deep learning and radiomics-based tools are reviewed, alongside considerations related to governance and ethics, and recommendations for practical integration of AI solutions into national breast cancer management pathways are provided. The adoption of AI-augmented ultrasound holds considerable promise for strengthening Kuwait's capacity for early detection and advancing equitable, high-quality cancer care. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, breast ultrasound, diagnostic precision, cancer care, Kuwait, equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 51","pages":"22-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148274621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review Article | Diagnosis and Early Detection of Lung Cancer: Present and Future Approaches.","authors":"Tarig Fadelelmoula","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with most cases found late. This review summarizes evidence on lung cancer diagnostics, highlights findings from important screening trials, and discusses new technologies shaping future approaches. It describes recent advances like artificial intelligence, radiomics, and molecular biomarkers for early detection. The review compares diagnostic tools, addresses barriers to their use, and presents new results from recent trials and technologies. By highlighting innovations and contrasting them with current practices, it clarifies the evolving landscape and offers strategies to improve early diagnosis. The review used a comprehensive PubMed search with the terms: \"lung cancer AND (screening OR early detection OR diagnosis OR biomarkers OR artificial intelligence OR radiomics).\" It included articles from 2010 to April 2024. Only English articles focused on adult human studies were included. The review analyzed original research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and major screening trials. Twenty-eight articles met these criteria, including five major screening trials. Five themes are identified: Enhanced Endoscopic Diagnostics, Liquid Biopsy and Molecular Biomarkers, Artificial Intelligence and Radiomics, Novel Biomarkers, and Integrated Screening Approaches. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) trials such as National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), Dutch Belgian lung cancer screening trial (NELSON), UK Lung Cancer Screening Trial (UKLS), and Multicentric Italian Lung Detection (MILD) show mortality benefit, but barriers remain. New diagnostic approaches, including liquid biopsy, AI with radiomics, and volatile organic compound profiling, may help overcome these barriers and support current strategies. Keywords: lung cancer, early detection, screening, low-dose CT, liquid biopsy, artificial intelligence, radiomics, biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 51","pages":"7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148274614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Breast Cancer Survival Outcomes in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Amen Bawazir, Sadeem Alhalafi, Abdulrahman Jazieh, Wasif Ali Khan, Rumaisa Ali Khan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, breast cancer (BC) stands as the most common malignancy, predominantly affecting women, with observed trends of increasing incidence and mortality. Data concerning the survival of BC patients in Saudi Arabia (SA) is notably scarce. This study aims to pinpoint the specific factors that impact the survival rate (SR) among breast cancer patients in Saudi Arabia's central region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed data from 1405 breast cancer patients documented in the King Abdulaziz Medical City Cancer Registry from 2009 to 2018. The collected patient information included sociodemographic details and comprehensive tumor characteristics such as its location, histopathology, molecular subtypes, disease stage, and ultimate survival outcomes. To assess the relationship between these factors and patient survival, survival analyses were performed, incorporating Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models, which were adjusted for potential confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients of older age (over 60 years) demonstrated a higher mortality risk from breast cancer. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most frequently observed histopathologic subtype; however, invasive lobular carcinoma was linked to an elevated death risk. Adjusted Hazard Ratios from Cox regression indicated that BC patients with metastasis were six times (AHR=6.3; 95%CI=4.6-8.7, p<0.001) more likely to face a higher death risk compared to those with localized or regional tumors. Furthermore, patients diagnosed with triple-negative tumors were associated with twice the risk of death compared to other subtypes (AHR=2.1; 95%CI=1.4-2.9, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both patient age and the presence of distant cancer spread are critical predictors of survival for breast cancer patients residing in central Saudi Arabia. Emphasizing early diagnosis, timely treatment, and consistent follow-up is essential for enhancing patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 50","pages":"56-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective Study Comparing Treatment Outcomes of Brentuximab Vedotin Plus AVD versus ABVD in Egyptian Patients with Advanced Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma.","authors":"Marwa N Omar, Zeinab M Elsayed, Rania M Afify, Nervana M Hussien, Haytham A Abdelkader","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a malignancy that is readily amenable to treatment, but still advanced-stage disease (stage III/IV) carries a significant therapeutic challenge. While ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) is a standard frontline regimen, its efficacy is limited by toxicity and relapse rates. Brentuximab Vedotin (BV), an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate, concurrent with AVD (BV+AVD) has emerged as a promising alternative. This study compares the effectiveness and tolerability of BV+AVD versus ABVD in Egyptian patients with advanced cHL.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A prospective, randomized, open-label study was conducted at Helwan University Hospitals (March 2023-February 2025). A total of sixty patients with newly diagnosed stage III/IV cHL were randomized to receive either BV combined with AVD (BV+AVD; n = 30) or standard ABVD (n = 30). The primary endpoint was PFS, while secondary endpoints included PET negativity after two cycles, overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and treatment-related toxicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interim analysis demonstrated superior 2-year PFS for BV+AVD (80.0%) versus ABVD (53.3%). BV+AVD showed higher PET negativity rates post-cycle 2 (83.3% vs. 76.6%) and reduced pulmonary toxicity (6.7% vs. 23.3%). Hematologic toxicity (neutropenia: 60% vs. 40%) and neuropathy (43.3% vs. 16.7%) were more frequent with BV+AVD but mainly low grade and manageable.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Limitations of this study encompass that it is a single-center study with a relatively small sample size that reduces the statistical power and makes it challenging to detect rare side effects. The population of the study represents the young and middle age group of patients with cHL so the treatment effect on older population was not studied. The limited follow-up duration restricts further knowledge about late relapses or delayed toxicities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BV+AVD significantly improves PFS and reduces bleomycin-associated toxicity, supporting its adoption as a frontline regimen for advanced cHL. Extended follow-up is required to validate the observed survival benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 50","pages":"47-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review Article | Artificial Intelligence Applications in Prognosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology: A review.","authors":"Adham Al-Rahbi, Tariq Al-Habsi, Tariq Al-Saadi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) is the general term that contains Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL). Utilization of these technologies in brain tumor treatment and prognosis is promising.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This article aims to review recent applications of AI in neuro-oncology treatment and prognosis. Furthermore, it elucidates the challenges and future directions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A comprehensive literature review in four databases (Wiley, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar) gave a total of 21 articles using AI in neuro-oncology treatment and disease prognosis. papers were grouped and reviewed. The data was summarized and presented in tables and graphs. This is the first article to review these two areas of AI in neuro-oncology in a single paper and provide insight into knowledge gaps and future directions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the reviewed articles are about prognosis (14 articles). The largest article in sample size (41222) is about the prediction of inpatient Length of Stay (LOS) after brain tumor surgery. They used twenty-nine machine learning algorithms. In articles about the treatment of neuro-oncology, the highest sample size is (1585) in assessment of treatment response using AI algorithms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI technologies implementation in neuro-oncology is crucial. More research and validation of current applications is needed. And careful integration of these technologies is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 50","pages":"70-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report | Development of spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema in a case of squamous cell carcinoma of right lung during radiotherapy treatment a rare instance.","authors":"Prarabdh Singh, Arjun Agarwal, Aditi Singh, Siddharth Arora, Kirti Arora, Ankit Tebrawal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Development of spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema is a rare and benign entity and in some cases it could be symptomatic. Subcutaneous emphysema is commonly seen in neck and chest wall which gradually extend to other body organs. It is characterised by development of neck swelling and chest pain with the involvement of deeper tissues of thoracic outlet chest and abdominal wall may predispose in life-threatening conditions.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a rare case report of a patient with advanced cancer of right lung who developed extensive subcutaneous emphysema during the course of treatment.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>This case report highlights the possible etiology, treatment and outcomes of the same.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 50","pages":"92-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics, prognostic factors, and survival of resectable colorectal cancer in a Moroccan population.","authors":"Rachid El Jim, Yousra El Kirami, Laila Chbani, Hind Mrabti, Adil Najdi, Karima El Rhazi, Naoufel Mellas, Ghizlane Kharrasse, Said Afkir, Khalid Maazaz, Mohammed El Abkari, Sidi Adil Ibrahimi, Nada Lahmidani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Colorectal cancer is one of the most common digestive cancers worldwide and constitutes a major public health problem in Morocco, a country where its incidence is increasing. The majority of patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage, which sometimes compromises the prognosis. This study aims to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and histopathological profile of colorectal adenocarcinomas in Morocco and to identify prognostic factors influencing survival.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective, descriptive, and analytical multicenter study between February 2015 and February 2021, including 214 patients with histologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma, followed up in three Moroccan university hospitals (Fez, Oujda, and Rabat). Clinical, pathological, and therapeutic data were collected from medical records. Overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were evaluated using multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of patients was 57 years (22-86 years), with a sex ratio of 1.02. Colonic forms accounted for 45.8% of cases, mostly located in the left colon, and rectal forms 33.2%, predominantly in the lower rectum. Significant complications were present in 21.5% of cases, primarily obstructions. Histologically, 52.3% of tumors were well differentiated, and 10.3% had a mucinous component. Curative resection was possible in 60.3% of cases. Overall survival was 82% at 1 year, 70.5% at 2 years, and 48.9% at 5 years. Factors associated with a poor prognosis were male gender, age <50 years, advanced tumor stage, the presence of a mucinous component, and the need for palliative treatment.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Consistent with global research, our results emphasize the prevalence of late-stage diagnoses and the detrimental effect of tumor complications on survival. Due to delayed presentation and limited early detection, the five-year survival rate is still lower than in Western nations. Poorer outcomes are linked to a mucinous component and a younger age at diagnosis, highlighting the importance of early intervention and focused screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Colorectal cancer in Morocco is diagnosed late in nearly one-third of cases, with a major impact on survival. Management is based on a multidisciplinary approach integrating surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The prognosis is significantly better for early-diagnosed forms undergoing surgery with R0 resection. Strengthening screening and improving access to care are essential to reduce CRC-related mortality in Morocco.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 50","pages":"36-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding Revealing an Early-Stage Primary Anorectal Melanoma: A Case Report.","authors":"Hanane Aksim, Faisal El Mouhafid, Mohamed Kaakoua, Meryem Belhamdiya, Ismail Essadi, Rachid El Barni, Rachid Akka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anorectal melanomas are rare and agressive malignant tumors of the anorectal region of the digestive tract. Due to their rarity and similarity to other more benign and common conditions, such as hemorrhoids, their diagnosis is often delayed, which worsens the prognosis of this aggressive disease. Histological evaluation with special immunohistochemical (IHC) staining is often essentiel to establish a confirmed diagnosis. In the localized stage, the primary treatment for this condition consists primarily of surgical resection combined with adjuvant immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 62-year-old women who presented for an etiological evaluation of mild rectal bleeding without other associated signs. Proctological examination revealed the presence of a flashy mass occupying almost the entire anal lumen, with irregular thickening of the anterior anorectal wall during rectal examination. The colonoscopy revealed a friable and ulcerated process in the lower and middle rectum, and several biopsies were performed, confirming the diagnosis of rectal melanoma. The patient was successfully treated with surgery and adjuvant immunotherapy. Discussion/ conclusion: Our case demonstrates the importance of rapid diagnosis and a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach for a better prognosis of malignant rectal melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":523894,"journal":{"name":"The Gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 50","pages":"87-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}