R Azzeddine, L Herrak, A Rhanim, A Jniene, M Elftouh, L Achachi
{"title":"A Rare Paraneoplastic Syndrome of Lung Cancer.","authors":"R Azzeddine, L Herrak, A Rhanim, A Jniene, M Elftouh, L Achachi","doi":"10.1155/2020/7891325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7891325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Achalasia is a neurodegenerative motor disease of the esophagus resulting mainly from a loss of function of the lower esophageal sphincter, the pathophysiology of which is still poorly understood. Its incidence is rare-it is 1.6 per 100,000-and its occurrence in the context of paraneoplastic syndrome has been rarely described in the literature. We report a rare case of paraneoplastic achalasia associated with lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7891325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7891325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38145846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saumil Datar, Henriette De La Garza, Aditya Srinivasan, Gloria Iliescu, Neda Kalhor, Horiana Grosu
{"title":"Invasive Thymoma with Right Upper Lobe Endobronchial Lesion and Autoimmune Enteropathy.","authors":"Saumil Datar, Henriette De La Garza, Aditya Srinivasan, Gloria Iliescu, Neda Kalhor, Horiana Grosu","doi":"10.1155/2020/6396915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6396915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thymomas are slow-growing neoplasia arising from the epithelial cells of the thymus that usually present with respiratory symptoms, superior vena cava syndrome, or parathymic syndromes. Approximately 30% of thymomas develop myasthenia gravis. An additional 5% of patients with thymomas have other systemic syndromes, including rheumatoid arthritis, thyroiditis, red cell aplasia, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Cushing syndrome. Rarely, patients can present with diarrhea due to thymoma-associated autoimmune gastrointestinal pathologies that include Good syndrome (acquired hypogammaglobulinemia), thymoma- associated multiorgan autoimmunity, and autoimmune enteropathy. We present an uncommon and interesting case of an invasive metastatic thymoma with right upper lobe endobronchial lesion and autoimmune enteropathy in a 27-year-old female. The novelty of this case lay in the findings of extensive metastatic thymoma with right upper lobe endobronchial disease and autoimmune diarrhea.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"6396915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/6396915","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38135942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amr Essa, Jeffrey Macaraeg, Nikhil Jagan, Daniel Kwon, Saboor Randhawa, Matthew Kruse, Stanley Thomas, Manasa Velagapudi, John Horne, Shraddha Narechania, Michael Kaster, Carrie Valenta, Venketraman Sahasranaman, Douglas Moore
{"title":"Review of Cases of E-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) and Brief Review of the Literature.","authors":"Amr Essa, Jeffrey Macaraeg, Nikhil Jagan, Daniel Kwon, Saboor Randhawa, Matthew Kruse, Stanley Thomas, Manasa Velagapudi, John Horne, Shraddha Narechania, Michael Kaster, Carrie Valenta, Venketraman Sahasranaman, Douglas Moore","doi":"10.1155/2020/1090629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1090629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the appearance of the E-Cigarette in the early 2000s, its industry, popularity, and prevalence have risen dramatically. In the past, E-Cigarette use with the vaping of nicotine or cannabis products had been associated with a few reported cases of lung injury. However, in 2019, thousands of cases of E-Cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) were reported in the United States. Evidence linked this outbreak with vaping of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). We report two confirmed cases of EVALI and their associated clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features. This report supports the growing body of information regarding EVALI. It also discusses various substances, particularly vitamin E acetate, which has been suggested as a causative agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"1090629"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/1090629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38103547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jose A Rodriguez, Christopher R Weil, Jose F Ramirez
{"title":"A Rare Cause of Cough: Tracheobronchial Myxoid Spindle Cell Lipoma.","authors":"Jose A Rodriguez, Christopher R Weil, Jose F Ramirez","doi":"10.1155/2020/9727281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9727281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endobronchial lipomas are a particularly rare form of benign lung neoplasms, with an incidence of 0.1-0.4%. They are often clinically silent, though present with nonspecific symptoms that can result in extensive workup or significant delay prior to diagnosis, as presented in this case. <i>Case Presentation</i>. A 61-year-old male presented with chronic productive cough and occasional dyspnea and a 10-year history of clinically diagnosis of intermittent, exercise-induced asthma, nonresponsive to bronchodilators, and with normal pulmonary function tests. A chest ray showed a band-like opacity in the right middle lobe of the lung and a CT of the chest showed right lung atelectasis with a soft tissue mass in the right main bronchus. The patient underwent bronchoscopy with biopsy, which demonstrated an endobronchial myxoid spindle cell lipoma. The lesion was subsequently removed by a bronchoscopic snare. The patient's asthmatic-like symptomatology resolved after the mass was excised.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Though rare, endobronchial lipomas characteristically present with nonspecific signs and symptoms and thus can be easily mistaken for other medical conditions, delaying diagnosis and prolonging symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"9727281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/9727281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38057358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"E-Cigarette- and Vaping-Related Lung Injury (EVALI) at a Regional Hospital System in South Carolina.","authors":"Daniel Temas, Armin Meyer","doi":"10.1155/2020/5370606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5370606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report on four cases of severe lung injury and respiratory failure attributed to E-cigarette use that presented between July and August, 2019. The patients described were relatively healthy without clinically significant history of lung disease. Each developed severe acute respiratory distress shortly following E-cigarette use. In each case, the patients initially presented with considerable hypoxia and infectious-appearing pattern with elevated inflammatory markers on laboratory values. Imaging studies demonstrated a consistent pattern of widespread bilateral interstitial infiltrates with a medial distribution. All but one of the cases involved the admitted use of THC oil in E-cigarettes. There was rapid progression of illness requiring increased supplemental oxygen and in two cases, requiring urgent intubation and mechanical ventilation. No infectious organism was isolated in any case, and patients improved rapidly with the initiation of steroids. These are among the first cases reported in South Carolina and are consistent with similar cases that have been reported around the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"5370606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5370606","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38019290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy of an Adolescent Stem Cell Transplantation Recipient with Hemorrhagic Cystitis and BK Virus.","authors":"David López, Abdullah Alismail, Laren D Tan","doi":"10.1155/2020/3465412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3465412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) continues to show effectiveness in the treatment of several diseases and benefits such as fibroblast proliferation, capillary angiogenesis, and decreasing edema, especially in hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). We report a case of a 15-year-old male with chronic myelogenous leukemia status posthaploidentical stem cell transport with BK virus in the United States to be treated by HBOT. The patient received a total of 30 HBOT treatments for 90 minutes at 2 ATA. After HBOT treatments, patient showed signs of improvements such as cessation of hemorrhage cystitis. The findings of this case support and shows that there is growing evidence for the use of HBOT as adjunctive therapy for patients with BK virus associated with HC after stem cell transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3465412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/3465412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37976969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mickael Aubignat, Pierre-Alexandre Roger, Amandine Dernoncourt, Valery Salle, Amar Smail, Clement Gourguechon, Jean Schmidt, Pierre Duhaut
{"title":"Acute Airway Obstruction and Cardiopulmonary Arrest due to Tracheomalacia Caused by Megaesophagus Compression Secondary to Achalasia.","authors":"Mickael Aubignat, Pierre-Alexandre Roger, Amandine Dernoncourt, Valery Salle, Amar Smail, Clement Gourguechon, Jean Schmidt, Pierre Duhaut","doi":"10.1155/2020/5946985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5946985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of an 80-year-old woman who presented one episode of cardiopulmonary arrest and two episodes of acute airway obstruction. We found in this patient the presence of tracheomalacia caused by megaesophagus compression secondary to achalasia probably responsible for episodes of acute airway obstruction and cardiopulmonary arrest.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"5946985"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5946985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37976970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Agustin, Scott Shay, Jose Gonzalez, Pei Liu, Nancy Lentz, Anna Shapiro, Nat Dumrongmongcolgul, Michael Torres, Vasin Jungtrakoolchai
{"title":"Massive Pulmonary Hemorrhage from Bronchial Varix.","authors":"Michael Agustin, Scott Shay, Jose Gonzalez, Pei Liu, Nancy Lentz, Anna Shapiro, Nat Dumrongmongcolgul, Michael Torres, Vasin Jungtrakoolchai","doi":"10.1155/2020/9175785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9175785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bronchial varix is a rare pulmonary disorder which may lead to life-threatening hemorrhage. Diagnosis is difficult because of the subtle abnormalities on radiographic and bronchoscopic examination. We present a case of massive hemoptysis from a bleeding bronchial varix. In the absence of immediate complex endobronchial therapy in the island of Guam, this case was initially managed with nebulized and intravenous tranexamic acid. This was followed by endobronchial blockade of the bleeding airway with endobronchial epinephrine instillation. Selective bronchial artery embolization alleviated the acute-phase bleeding. Prone positioning was initiated due to severe hypoxia after blood clots compromised the patency of bilateral bronchial airways. Prone ventilation was employed for 17 hours for 2 consecutive days with intermittent bronchoscopic forceps extraction of airway blood clots while in the prone position. These maneuvers resulted to improved lung ventilation and oxygenation. The patient underwent bronchial sleeve resection surgery for definitive management.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"9175785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/9175785","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37853722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bryno Gay, Zachary Field, Sachin Patel, Rodrigo Murillo Alvarez, Wael Nasser, Mario Madruga, S J Carlan
{"title":"Vaping-Induced Lung Injury: A Case of Lipoid Pneumonia Associated with E-Cigarettes Containing Cannabis.","authors":"Bryno Gay, Zachary Field, Sachin Patel, Rodrigo Murillo Alvarez, Wael Nasser, Mario Madruga, S J Carlan","doi":"10.1155/2020/7151834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7151834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electronic cigarette, or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI), is a group of lung disorders associated with vaping and e-cigarette products that has previously been categorized as a diagnosis of exclusion and best described as an exogenous lipoid pneumonia or chemical pneumonitis. Here, we describe the onset of an exogenous cause of lipoid pneumonia in an otherwise healthy patient using cannabis-containing electronic cigarettes. We explore similarities in the clinical case, define a common clinical presentation with progression of disease, characteristic radiographic findings along with pathological diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7151834"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7151834","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37849636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jake L Cotton, Tarig Ali-Dinar, Aledie Navas-Nazario
{"title":"Cavitary Pneumonia: A Complication of Antibiotic Noncompliance.","authors":"Jake L Cotton, Tarig Ali-Dinar, Aledie Navas-Nazario","doi":"10.1155/2020/5971348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5971348","url":null,"abstract":"In this report, we present a complicated case of community-acquired pneumonia in a 5-year-old boy. The patient first presented to the pulmonology clinic with the diagnosis of asthma and a recent history of recurrent pneumonia. Poor compliance to two courses of outpatient oral antibiotics resulted in persistent pneumonia symptoms with unresolved radiographic findings warranting parenteral antibiotics. Despite 2 symptom-free weeks, the patient returned to the emergency department with recurrence of symptoms where imaging revealed a cavitary lesion requiring a prolonged course of parenteral antibiotics. This report further supports the detrimental impact of partially treated infections related to poor compliance to antibiotic regimens.","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"5971348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5971348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37808618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}