Languages最新文献_第8页

Perceptions of Forms of Address in European Portuguese in Online Metadiscourse or What Happens When You Use você in Court 在线元话语中对欧洲葡萄牙语称呼形式的看法或在法庭上使用 você 时会发生什么情况

IF 0.9

Languages Pub Date : 2024-04-07 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040133

Rita Faria

{"title":"Perceptions of Forms of Address in European Portuguese in Online Metadiscourse or What Happens When You Use você in Court","authors":"Rita Faria","doi":"10.3390/languages9040133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9040133","url":null,"abstract":"The point of departure for this study is an incident in 2020 when a football manager testifying in a Lisbon court used the pronoun address você and was reprimanded. With the aid of corpus linguistics, we qualitatively analyse the comments (understood as metacomments) that this case generated on media outlets and social media. The main conclusion is that the sociocultural foundations of EP address are polarised and unstable based on the following: the nexus between forms of address and the expression of (im)politeness is often rejected, with concerns that a complex system of address might impede an egalitarian society; despite this, discernment remains a core facet, expressed in the concern of finding appropriate sociolinguistic rules so as to arrive at forms understood as intrinsically (im)polite. Furthermore, a binary T/V dimension does not apply to the EP system, and although a N(neutral) dimension should be added, the polarised perceptions of EP address preclude clear candidates not only for the N platform but also, to an extent, for the V dimension. Fifty years after the 1974 ‘Carnation’ Revolution that initiated the transition to democracy in Portugal, EP conceptualisations of address show that sociocultural concerns for an egalitarian society coexist with persistent concerns for hierarchy and rules.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140732748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Language-Specific Prosody in Statements of Palenquero/Spanish Bilinguals 帕伦凯罗语/西班牙语双语者语句中的特定语言前奏

IF 0.9

Languages Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040132

Wílmar López-Barrios

{"title":"Language-Specific Prosody in Statements of Palenquero/Spanish Bilinguals","authors":"Wílmar López-Barrios","doi":"10.3390/languages9040132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9040132","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the extent to which Palenquero/Spanish bilinguals, a population that is said to have a residual high tone of African origin, keep their two languages temporally and intonationally distinct across statements. While creole languages that emerged from the contact of African and European languages, such as Palenquero, may develop hybrid prosodic systems with tones from substrate languages, and stress from the majority language, language-specific prosody might be expected to converge or simplify over the course of time. As prosodic convergence seems to be inescapable under Palenquero’s circumstances, which factors could support language-specific prosody in this population, if there are any? Two-hundred and thirty-four five-syllable statements were elicited through a discourse completion task, with the participation of ten Palenquero/Spanish bilinguals, in two unilingual sessions. Both phrase-final lengthening and F0 contours were assessed using linear mixed-effects models testing their association with final stress, language, and generation. F0 contours were dimensionally reduced using functional principal component analysis. Despite the strong similarities between the two languages, results indicate that both groups keep their two languages intonationally distinct using plateau-shaped contours in Palenquero initial rises followed by steeper declinations in Spanish. However, elderly bilinguals implement penultimate lengthening language-specifically, being more pronounced in Palenquero. Adults, in contrast, do not show this distinction. In addition to this, elderly speakers show hyperarticulation in Spanish intonation, increasing the difference between their languages. This leads us to believe that adults exhibit a more simplified prosodic system between their languages, relative to elderly bilinguals. In spite of such differences, both generations seem to have the same underlying process (perhaps a substrate effect) driving plateau-shaped intonation in Palenquero, which enhances language differentiation.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140747133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Absence of Certain Island Effects in Mende 论门德语中某些岛屿效应的缺失

IF 0.9

Languages Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040131

Jason D. Smith

{"title":"On the Absence of Certain Island Effects in Mende","authors":"Jason D. Smith","doi":"10.3390/languages9040131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9040131","url":null,"abstract":"The distinction between weak and strong islands has been extensively explored in the literature from both a descriptive and analytical perspective. In this paper, I document and analyze island constructions and constraints in Mende, an understudied Mande language spoken in Sierra Leone. Mende has both weak islands (left branch and wh-islands) and strong islands (adjunct clauses, sentential subjects, and coordinate structures). Intriguingly, it has a third class of islands, that I call mixed islands which show a subject–non-subject asymmetry in allowing for movement out of relative clauses, only when they modify the subject. As such, subject-modifying RCs cannot be classified as (strong/weak) islands in Mende. This is the first systematic work on islands and island constraints in the Mande language family, and, as such, it brings novel data from an understudied language family to bear on our understanding of A-bar dependencies and the study of island escape in African languages. It also calls into question a neat paradigm of cross-linguistic island constraints. Importantly, this work also lays down a baseline for future research on island constraints in the broader Mande language family. In order to discuss island constraints, this paper also lays out the first analysis of relative clauses in Mende, while integrating new research on the left periphery, focus constructions, and wh-constructions.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140754385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Absence of Islands in Akan: The Role of Resumption 阿坎语中没有岛屿：恢复的作用

IF 0.9

Languages Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040127

S. Korsah, Andrew Murphy

引用次数: 0

A Corpus-Based Study on Orthographic Errors of Russian Heritage Learners and Their Implications for Linguistic Research and Language Teaching 基于语料库的俄语传统学习者正字法错误及其对语言学研究和语言教学的影响研究

IF 0.9

Languages Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040126

Olesya Kisselev, Irina Y. Dubinina, Galina Paquette

{"title":"A Corpus-Based Study on Orthographic Errors of Russian Heritage Learners and Their Implications for Linguistic Research and Language Teaching","authors":"Olesya Kisselev, Irina Y. Dubinina, Galina Paquette","doi":"10.3390/languages9040126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9040126","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges faced by heritage language (HL) learners in mastering spelling and orthography are well-documented. Despite these documented difficulties, this aspect of HL linguistic knowledge has received limited attention from HL researchers. Beyond instructional implications, the study of spelling and orthography in HL speakers holds significance to building a finer understanding of the nature of heritage languages, since the development of orthographic skills is intricately linked to the knowledge of phonology and morphology as well as to metalinguistic awareness in these two areas. The study presented in this paper attempts to contribute to this area of research by turning its attention to orthographic skills of Russian heritage learners with English as their dominant language. The corpus-based research presented here categorizes orthographic errors in adjectival endings in hand-written essays produced by college-age HL learners of Russian of various writing proficiency levels and attempts to provide preliminary explanations for the source of these errors. While this paper is exploratory in nature and limited in scope by focusing only on adjectival endings, our results emphasize the need for further exploration in this underrepresented area to enhance our understanding of heritage language development and improve instructional strategies.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140792680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Censorship and Taboo Maintenance in L1 and LX Swearing L1 和 LX 说脏话时的审查和禁忌维护

IF 0.9

Languages Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040128

Kristy Beers Fägersten, Karyn Stapleton, Minna Hjort

引用次数: 0

Is Referent Reintroduction More Vulnerable to Crosslinguistic Influence? An Analysis of Referential Choice among Japanese–English Bilingual Children 参照物再引入是否更容易受到跨语言影响？日英双语儿童的参照物选择分析

IF 0.9

Languages Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040120

Satomi Mishina-Mori, Yuki Nakano, Yuri Jody Yujobo, Yumiko Kawanishi

{"title":"Is Referent Reintroduction More Vulnerable to Crosslinguistic Influence? An Analysis of Referential Choice among Japanese–English Bilingual Children","authors":"Satomi Mishina-Mori, Yuki Nakano, Yuri Jody Yujobo, Yumiko Kawanishi","doi":"10.3390/languages9040120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9040120","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine whether a crosslinguistic influence (CLI) is exerted on the referring expressions of the spoken narratives of Japanese–English bilingual children in different discourse contexts. Thirteen early bilingual (school-age) children separately presented Japanese and English narratives for a wordless picture book and a speechless video clip. Further, seven Japanese and nine English monolingual children participated as controls. The linguistic devices that the children adopted to introduce, reintroduce, and maintain the topic were compared with those of their monolingual controls to detect any CLI. As predicted, CLI for English on Japanese was observed but not vice versa. In Japanese, bilinguals utilize significantly more noun phrases (NPs) compared with their monolingual counterparts. More crucially, this was observed only in the referent reintroduction context, indicating that only discourse contexts that require the integration of much pragmatic information may be vulnerable to English influence. Null forms are barely utilized in English narratives; thus, no influence from Japanese was observed. We present the referential choice patterns in the elicited spoken narratives of bilingual school-age children acquiring an under-researched language pair. By controlling for the discourse context, we demonstrate that CLI is more likely to manifest in the reintroduction context. These findings offer additional evidence for the interface and structural overlap hypothesis, further highlighting the criticality of considering information structure as an influencing condition.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Approach to Semic Analysis: Extraction of Atoms of Meaning to Study Polysemy and Polyreferentiality 语义分析的新方法：提取意义原子研究多义词和多义性

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Languages Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040121

Vanessa Bonato, Giorgio Maria Di Nunzio, Federica Vezzani

引用次数: 0

Focus Fronting in a Language with In Situ Marking: The Case of Mǝ̀dʉ́mbà 原位标记语言中的焦点前置：Mพdʉ́mbà 案例

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Languages Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040117

M. Zimmermann, Constantine Kouankem

引用次数: 0

Introducing the Special Issue: Language Use in the Middle East and North Africa 特刊介绍中东和北非的语言使用

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Languages Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3390/languages9040116

Rania Habib

引用次数: 0