Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions最新文献

{"title":"Assessing efficacy of endoscopic ventriculocisternostomy using a semi-rigid needle endoscope in сhildren with hydrocephalus and concomitant drug-resistant epilepsy: results of CT brain perfusion and time-frequency EEG analysis","authors":"A. A. Sufianov, G. Z. Sufianova, A. Shapkin, I. S. Shelyagin, A. A. H. Al Zakhrani, R. R. Rustamov, S. Stefanov, A. M. Khayretdinov, R. Sufianov, K. Simfukwe","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.105","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The probability of seizures after endoscopic surgical treatment of hydrocephalus may comprise up to 9.5%, therefore accounting for a need to find solutions for alleviating the surgical trauma to the brain. One option to this problem might be based on using “seamless” neurosurgery, particularly endoscopes with a minimal outer sheath diameter (needle endoscopes, shunt endoscopes).Objective: to evaluate major outcomes of surgically treated epilepsy, cerebral haemodynamics and electroencephalogram (EEG) in children with hydrocephalus and concomitant drug-resistant epilepsy before and after endoscopic ventriculocysternostomy of the third ventricular floor by using a semi-rigid needle endoscope.Material and methods. In the early and remote postoperative periods, no epileptic seizures were observed in 57.1% of subjects (Engel Class I). Mean seizure frequency decreased from 12.9±6.1 to 0.82±0.31 per month (p<0.01). A significant decline in slow-wave amplitude and the paroxysmal index from 19.1±2.5% to 6.9±1.7% (p<0.01) were observed, as well as improvement of cerebral hemodynamics in the form of increased mean cerebral blood flow by 29.1±4.3% (p<0.01), mean circulating blood volume by 22.4±5.27% (p<0.05) and decreased mean transit time by 12.8±2.5% (p<0.05).Results. In the early and remote postoperative periods, no epileptic seizures were observed in 57.1% of subjects (Engel Class I). Mean seizure frequency decreased from 12.9±6.1 to 0.82±0.31 per month (p<0.01). A significant decline in slow-wave amplitude and the paroxysmal index from 19.1±2.5% to 6.9±1.7% (p><0.01) were observed, as well as improvement of cerebral hemodynamics in the form of increased mean cerebral blood flow by 29.1±4.3% (p><0.01), mean circulating blood volume by ><0.01). A significant decline in slow-wave amplitude and the paroxysmal index from 19.1±2.5% to 6.9±1.7% (p<0.01), mean circulating blood volume by 22.4±5.27% (p<0.05) and decreased mean transit time by 12.8±2.5% (p><0.05).","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74016289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicines for people. Myths and reality","authors":"A. S. Petrukhin","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.106","url":null,"abstract":"The letter raises the issue of myths existing among the general population about the harmfulness of synthetic medicines. The problems of drug provision, the lack of vital antiepileptic drugs on sale, frequent changes in the prescription forms are touched upon. The reasons for the low efficiency of domestic generics are indicated, an inconvenient form of their release is noted. The author emphasizes how important it is for a doctor to take into account the individual characteristics of a patient when choosing drug therapy.","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85581675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Resolution of the Russian League Against Epilepsy Working Group Meeting (September 25, 2021, Moscow)","authors":"A. Editorial","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.107","url":null,"abstract":"On September 25, 2021, the Russian League Against Epilepsy (RLAE) Working Group Meeting was held regarding approaches to therapy of pediatric focal epilepsy. Considering the experience of the world medical community and Russian epileptologists, the participants discussed issues related to administering diverse anti-epilepsy agents in this patient cohort. It was noted that an ideal therapy might provide rapid and long-lasting seizure control, few side effects, low potential of drug interaction, good compliance and adherence to therapy, and no effects on course of comorbidities. The article presents the Resolution of the RLAE Working Group Meeting that was approved after discussion.","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87744991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsy and COVID-19: is infection related to an increased risk of seizure recurrence?","authors":"G. Odintsova, A. Koloteva, V. Bannikova","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.063","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Over the two last years the novel coronavirus infection, COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become one of the urgent health and social problems. Reports on the SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasiveness raise the question as to whether the infection could be related to an increased risk of seizure recurrence in patients with concomitant epilepsy and COVID-19.Objective: to study the seizure dynamics in patients with epilepsy recovered after COVID-19 by analyzing clinical observations.Material and methods. A single-center retrospective uncontrolled open-label observational study regarding an impact of COVID-19 on the course of epilepsy was performed. Patients with epilepsy recovered after COVID-19 were interviewed between January and February 2021 by using a questionnaire containing three sets of questions. The study included 13 patients suffering from COVID-19 along with epilepsy: 7 cases (54%) of genetic (idiopathic) generalised form, 6 cases (46%) of focal form. The mean age was 34.31±12.68 years.Results. Seizure remission prior to COVID-19 was noted in 10 patients (77%), with no seizure control found in 3 cases (23%) of focal epilepsy at the time of COVID-19. No seizure frequency rise was observed in any case. No recurrent seizures were detected. Electroencephalographic follow-up showed no exacerbated seizures compared to the pre-infection parameters. Monotherapy with anti-epileptic drugs was used in 61% of cases. Levetiracetam monotherapy was administered to 50% of patients, and as a part of a polytherapy regimen – to 100%.Conclusion. The research findings and literature data show that patients with epilepsy are not at greater risk than the general population. Young age, seizure remission, absence of somatic comorbidities, modern drug use with no interaction with antibiotics and antivirals for the coronavirus disease treatment can be considered as positive predictive value of the course of epilepsy with COVID-19. Further studies are required to be performed in a larger patient sample.","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78582157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing efficacy and safety of rectally vs. intravenously administered Sibazon in treatment of generalized epileptic seizures in children","authors":"A. G. Prityko, K. V. Osipova, P. L. Sokolov, E. A. Ezhova, I. G. Kotel’nikova, E. G. Lukyanov, G. A. Osipova","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.096","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to prove the therapeutic equivalence and similar safety profile of “Sibazon, rectal solution” (international nonproprietary name: diazepam) and “Sibazon, solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration” in children with primary generalized and bilateral tonic, clonic and tonic-clonic seizures.Material and methods. An open-label, randomized clinical trial on efficacy and safety was conducted in 20 patients suffering from epilepsy with generalized seizures aged 1 to 17 years. Clinical blood and urine tests, biochemical blood analysis were used for diagnostics (glucose, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, urea, creatinine clearance), as well as data on electrocardiographic (ECG) and electroencephalographic (EEG) studies. The patients were divided into two groups: in Group 1 (n=8), a rectal solution was used, in Group 2 (n=12) – a solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration.Results. The number of cases in which seizures were completed within 10 minutes after using the drug without resuming within subsequent 60 minutes, in Group 1 was 7 (87.5%), and in Group 2 – 9 (75.0%) (Fisher exact test (FET): p=0.617). Repeated primary generalized or bilateral tonic/clonic/tonic-clonic seizures within 24 hours after drug administration, in Group 1 were absent in 5 (62.5%) patients, in Group 2 – in 6 (50%) (FET: p=0.670); within 48 hours after drug administration – in 5 (62.5%) and 7 (58.3%) children, respectively (FET: p=1.00). Physical examination revealed no pathology in all patients at the final visit. While comparing ECG and EEG data at the final visit, no inter-group differences were found by the number of children with deviations from the norm. The results of laboratory studies confirmed that using the studied drugs had no negative effect on the main indicators of clinical and biochemical blood tests as well as clinical urine analysis.Conclusion. The effectiveness of the rectal form of Sibazon in relieving pediatric generalized epileptic seizures is comparable to that of Sibazon for intramuscular administration. The drug rectal form, due to easy-to-use administration, is preferable for outpatient practice. “Sibazon, rectal solution” is safe and has good tolerability.","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75243843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in establishing a rehabilitation diagnosis for patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy","authors":"K. V. Petrov, E. Mozheyko, N. Shnayder, M. Petrova, E. Narodova","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.071","url":null,"abstract":"The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a globally recognized classification for health components and health-related factors, which has been recommended by the World Health Organization for use in medical rehabilitation. In the practice of a rehabilitation doctor dealing with patients suffering from juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), the ICF is used to establish a rehabilitation diagnosis and formulate the goal of rehabilitation, as well as to implement its basic principles. It provides better insight into a range of difficulties patients with JME might face at the level of personal health and in everyday life.","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79358370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mozart effect in patients with epilepsy","authors":"Y. Skiba, M. Odinak, A. Polushin, M. Prokudin, M. Selikhova, S. N. Bardakov, M. Ratanov, V. Pustovoyt","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.061","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to analyze available publications assessing efficacy of the Mozart effect in patients with epilepsy.Material and methods. A search for scientific publications has been performed in PubMed, Scopus and eLibrary databases by retrieving inquiries \"Mozart effect\" and \"epilepsy\" in paper title, resume and keywords. As a result, 18 studies matching inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. The data obtained were systematized into four categories: 1) whether a single listening of Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D major, K.448 affect interictal epileptiform activity (IEA) immediately during an event; 2) whether a repeated (course) of listening K.448 affect IEA; 3) is there a delayed effect on IEA after a single or repeated listening of K.448; 4) how does the Mozart effect act on rate of epileptic seizures during ongoing therapy course of listening K.448 or afterwards.Results. It was found that therapy with Mozart’s sonata K.448 may lower IEA index during a single listening of this musical composition and shortly afterwards. A lowered IEA index during a course listening of K.448 lasting for some time afterwards may be observed as well. Moreover, a repeated listening of K.448 may reduce rate of epileptic seizures within entire music course.Conclusion. The analysis revealed that there are currently some reasons to consider the Mozart effect as a means of neurostimulation impacting on rate of epileptic seizures and IEA.","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84264151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The severity of seizures and epileptiform activity index in the assessment of antiepileptic treatment efficacy in patients with generalized tonic-clonic awakening seizures","authors":"V. Karlov, A. Kozhokaru, P. Vlasov, A. Orlova","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.091","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to evaluate the role of seizure severity and epileptiform activity index (IEA) assessment in newly-diagnosed idiopathic generalized epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic awakening seizures (GTCS).Material and methods. The study included 31 patients with newly-diagnosed generalized epilepsy with GTCS aged 14–52 years (mean age 25.06±9.3 years), which were divided into two groups depending on seizure severity: Group 1 (n=9, 29%) with <18 points, and Group 2 (n=22, 71%) with ≥18 points. Seizure severity was analysed by using National Hospital Seizure Severity Scale (NHS3). All patients underwent video-electroencephalography monitoring (8–24 hours) with IEA assessment at baseline and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the beginning of treatment. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed using the criteria of seizure absence (medically induced remission), seizure rate decrease by >50% (responders), seizure rate decrease by <50% (insufficient efficacy), seizure rate increase and retention in treatment.Results. Total EAI at baseline was significantly higher in patients from Group 2 (p=0.019). Despite markedly reduced EAI level in both groups, in Group 1 (less than 18 points by NHS3) EAI was significantly lower compared to Group 2 (≥18 points) at all subsequent visits: visit 2 (p=0.038), visit 3 (p=0.035), visit 4 (p=0.047), and visit 5 (p=0.022).Conclusions. Assessing seizure severity may become an additional objective criterion while evaluating treatment efficacy.","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74798471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of epilepsy associated with primary and metastatic brain tumors","authors":"A. Lebedeva, S. Burd, P. Vlasov, N. A. Ermolenko, I. Zhidkova, S. Zyryanov, I. Y. Kovaleva, D. Naskhletashvili, N. Y. Perunova, I. G. Rudakova, R. K. Shikhkerimov, M. Yamin","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.099","url":null,"abstract":"There is a number of unsolved issues in management of epilepsy associated with primary and metastatic brain tumors (BTs). In particular, no consensus approaches to treatment of patients with epilepsy associated with BTs have been proposed regarding use of current anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). The review presents the relevant data on epidemiology, features of clinically manifested epilepsy at varying stages of BTs, aspects of drug-drug interaction between AEDs and anti-tumor agents, AED-related effects on cognitive functions as well as quality of life in patients with epilepsy associated with BTs. Levetiracetam and valproic acid comprise the first-line drugs for treating seizures in patients with BTs. It is unreasonable to use AEDs acting as hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers for therapy of epileptic seizures in BTs, because it may decrease efficacy of chemotherapy agents and glucocorticoids along with elevated rate of side effects. Perampanel acting as a selective noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonist, may be one of the drugs of choice for the adjunctive therapy of epileptic seizures associated with BTs.","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86377355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reiterating the role of corpus callosum in generalization of interictal and ictal epileptiform discharges: a case report with post-callosotomy intracranial electroencephalography in Lennox–Gastaut syndrome","authors":"S. Gopinath, A. Pillai, A. Diwan, J. Pattisapu, K. Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.086","url":null,"abstract":"Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is an epileptic encephalopathy characterized by delayed mental development and intractable multiple seizure types, predominantly tonic. Drop attacks are the commonest and the most disabling type of seizures. Resective surgery is often not possible in LGS as the electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities are usually multifocal and generalized, and magnetic resonance image is often either normal or multilesional. We report a case of LGS with bilateral parieto-occipital gliosis where EEG before and after callosotomy demonstrated synchronized bilateral interictal epileptiform discharges and ictal discharges becoming desynchronized and running down. This phenomenon emphasizes the role of the corpus callosum in secondary bilateral synchrony.","PeriodicalId":52318,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85588229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}