Architecture and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"THE ART OF ARCHITECTURE: MEIER’S TIMELESS STYLE","authors":"Layla Mujahed","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-21-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-21-26","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: An architectural identity is based on lasting architectural designs. Those common features that repeat across the architect’s designs determine the architect’s style and philosophy. Purpose of the study: We aimed to explore the style and philosophy of Richard Meier by studying his building designs developed in different time periods. Methods: In the course of the study, we used a mixed-method approach that includes the quantitative and qualitative research methods. By using the quantitative research method, we focused on the five selected cases of Meier’s buildings differing in location, typology, and year of construction. The qualitative research method involved the observation method. Results: It was established that the main features of Meier’s style are the abstract white geometric form, circular structural columns, floor-to-ceiling glass walls, interior double-volume spaces, long circulation axis, and skylights. Richard Meier used the philosophy of combining lightness, placeness, and simplicity to make his vision a reality.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44590794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATING THE APPLICABILITY OF BERNOULLI’S HYPOTHESIS IN BEAM ANALYSIS","authors":"V. Karpov, E. Kobelev, A. Maslennikov","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-37-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-37-43","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In this paper, based on the properties of unit functions, we present accurate solutions to beam bending under various transverse loads and edge restraint conditions, using equations based on Bernoulli’s hypothesis and the hypothesis taking into account transverse shears. By comparing the analytical solutions obtained for a rectangular beam, we determined beam length-to height (L/h) ratios for cases when the difference in deflections is less than the permitted value. Thus, criteria for Bernoulli’s hypothesis application were obtained. The results of beam bending analysis can be applied when studying rod systems using the force and displacement methods. In this case, Bernoulli’s hypothesis is used. All the ratios obtained are simple and clear. However, this hypothesis is applicable for the analysis of thin-walled structures. Meanwhile, the hypothesis taking into account transverse shears can be used for structures of medium cross-section height. To ensure accurate results when studying building structures (beams, plates, shells, rod systems), the criterion of Bernoulli’s hypothesis (hypothesis of the straight normal) applicability was needed. Purpose of the study: We aimed to build a mathematical deformation model and develop a method for the analysis of bending in elastic Timoshenko beams with account for transverse shears. Methods: By applying generalized functions and direct integration of the differential equation for the bending line, we obtained analytical expressions for the deflection function under various boundary conditions. Results: Based on the proposed method, we performed beam analysis under various transverse loads and edge restraint conditions. We also evaluated the scope of Bernoulli’s hypothesis application for the main types of beams used in the analysis of rod systems by the displacement method.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43429376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HOUSEHOLD BUILDING (LATE 17TH–19TH CENTURY, RYAZAN KREMLIN) RESTORATION AND ADAPTATION TO MODERN USE","authors":"Marina V. Knyazeva, Sergey V. Mokhovikov, Lidia Alekseenko, Natalya Bryazgunova","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-13-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-13-20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The issue of preserving historical and cultural heritage is currently highly relevant. The restoration of ancient architectural structures, preservation of their historical appearance, and adaptation to new functions constitute an important step forward towards that goal. Considering the situation with cultural heritage sites in Ryazan, we should note that the city really needs such measures. Many historical, cultural, and architectural monuments have been lost and continue to be destroyed because of incompetent interference with their architectural-and-planning structure (demolition, unauthorized reconstruction, etc.). Purpose of the study: We aimed to describe the specifics of the preservation, restoration, and adaptation of cultural and historical heritage sites to modern needs. Methods: In the course of the study, we used a systemic approach, analyzed various sources and materials on the restoration and protection of historical and architectural monuments. Results: In the paper, we consider a particular example from the architectural practice of adapting a part of an ancient structure to modern use. The paper gives a brief historical background and information on the structures and materials used, discusses methods and technological solutions, analyzes design solutions. Based on the results of the works conducted, we determine issues of adapting a recognized cultural heritage site to modern living conditions and using it in a new capacity in accordance with the applicable regulatory documents. When facing the issue of adapting historical buildings that have lost their original function, it is necessary to perform works without changing their protected features. Within the framework of cultural heritage site preservation, a concept has been developed to serve as the basis for its conversion and operation as a cafe.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42467873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODERN MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES USED IN HOUSING CONSTRUCTION: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE","authors":"O. Pastukh, Dietmar Mähner, Aleksandr Panin, V. Elistratov","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-53-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-53-64","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The article addresses the possibility of using universal energy-efficient engineering and technological solutions in mass housing construction, regardless of the climatic region of construction, with account for modern development in Saint Petersburg (Russian Federation) and Münster (Germany). The article not only considers improvements in building technologies used in modern housing construction but also offers an overview of the latest energy-efficient materials and structures. Purpose of the study: We aimed to introduce energy-efficient solutions in housing construction using innovative technologies and materials. In addition to theoretical materials, practical calculations will be presented, clearly showing the advantages and disadvantages of various engineering and technical solutions. Methods: In the course of the study, we used a) a comparative analysis of physical and thermal properties as well as strength characteristics of building materials used in mass housing construction; b) a problem-logical method to analyze possible typical space-planning and structural solutions for the design and construction of buildings, with account for climatic conditions and geographical features of the construction region, in compliance with the basic principles of modern sustainable construction, energy and environmental standards, economic efficiency of the solutions used, in accordance with international European LEED and BREEAM and Russian GREEN ZOOM standards. Results: We propose to introduce, along with the already well-known and time-tested ones, innovative patented solutions in materials and construction technologies both in private and mass housing construction in the countries under consideration: Russian Federation and Germany. Discussion: The discussion of field tests and implementation of the latest building materials in housing construction clearly demonstrates the importance of international cooperation in this field at various levels. As a consequence of the growing volume of housing construction and energy consumption, there emerge new stricter requirements and standards for the quality of materials produced and their technical characteristics, as well as a variety of decorative solutions enabling the construction market to be competitive and meet the over-demand requirements of the rapidly developing industrial society, while necessarily taking environmental protection measures, including those on conservation and mindful use of natural resources.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46368172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STABILITY AND RELIABILITY OF LONG-SPAN BRIDGE STRUCTURES","authors":"O. Poddaeva, P. Churin, A. Loktev, Chafic-Touma Salame","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-65-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-65-75","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Despite the fact that, in recent years, the construction of long-span bridges has been extensively developed, cases of bridge structures buckling in wind still occur, but the issue of their interaction with wind has not been sufficiently studied. Purpose of the study: We aimed to improve the structural integrity and operational safety of long-span bridge structures by conducting a computational and experimental study on the effect of various designs of aerodynamic dampers on the aerodynamic stability of such structures. Methods: The study was performed in two stages. At the first stage, preliminary two-dimensional numerical modeling was conducted to study the effect of various designs of aerodynamic dampers on the wind flow over selected bridge spans. Based on the results of the preliminary two-dimensional numerical modeling, we chose the most effective designs of aerodynamic dampers and made their models to conduct experimental studies on aerodynamic stability on a special test bench. Results: Based on the obtained computational and experimental results, we analyzed the effectiveness of various designs of aerodynamic deflectors and fairings used to improve the aerodynamic stability of the standard bridge structure under consideration. Discussion: For a span with one main girder, we determined the deflector design that reduces the vibration amplitude at high wind velocities.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41833088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MECHANICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN POST-FIRE RAW WOOD","authors":"A. Lukina, M. Lisyatnikov, V. Martinov, Olga Kunitskya, A. Chernykh, S. Roschina","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-44-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-44-52","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Today, the need for the neutralization of the environmental, economic, social, and other consequences of natural emergencies is becoming more and more urgent. One of such devastating disasters is forest fires, which are currently very widespread in the world. In most cases, after a fire, we are left with a forest that was partially exposed to fire. A burnt tree loses its immunity. As a result, an outbreak of various subcortical insect species, which infect healthy trees as well, occurs in these territories. Such a forest is subjected to sanitary cutting. Purpose of the study: We aimed to determine the residual mechanical properties of raw wood to be used as a structural material. Methods: In the course of the study, we used destructive and non-destructive testing methods in respect of the mechanical properties of the material. Results: It was established that changes in the microstructure of wood correlate with its strength properties. The maximum decrease in the strength properties of wood was observed at the top end of the tree and amounted to 22.7% as compared to the reference wood. The minimum decrease in the strength properties of post-fire wood was observed in the butt end of the tree and amounted up to 15.0%. In the middle part, a decrease in the strength properties of wood was up to 24.0%.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48775812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FAR EASTERN REGION: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF A LARGE CITY (CASE STUDY OF CHITA)","authors":"M. Gorshenina, N. Borovikova, D. Karelin","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-27-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-27-36","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The article considers competitiveness and sustainability concepts and formulates potential mechanisms of their relationship for a large city. In the context of globalization, the sixth wave of innovation, mass digitalization, and achievement of sustainable development goals, large cities are in a state of a constantly structurally changing system. Methods: To ensure the realizable complex of their technical indicators, it is necessary to survey a city, which is achieved by the modern method of making a graphical-analytical model (digital twin). In the course of the study, we consider Chita, a city in Far Eastern Region, as an example of a large city. Chita has its own unique features and potential for development. To improve the indicators, some mechanisms of urban framework transformation are proposed, which set in motion all the levers of sustainability, which contributes to sustainable competitive development. Results: We elaborate stages of the technology of sustainable development of a large city of Chita in the conditions of Far Eastern Region, and provide recommendations for the development of new software for the actual city survey. Discussion: The final goal of applying the transformation technology is to bring all the levers of sustainable development, the functions of a large city, and competitiveness to united balance for the comfort of our and future generations, which corresponds to the main goal of sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44991713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADOPTING SMART BUILDING CONCEPT IN HISTORICAL BUILDING: CASE OF ABU JABER MUSEUM, JORDAN","authors":"Firas Gandah, Maysoleen Al-Adayleh, M. R. Al-Ruwaishedi","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-03-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-3-03-12","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Heritage conservation attracts wide attention worldwide. Jordan has many heritage buildings that were preserved, rehabilitated, and adapted to new functions. However, these conservation efforts could not solve the energy consumption problem or maintain the economic and financial balance, thus reducing building efficiency, slowing down the conservation activity, and forcing us to consider new solutions, especially since Jordan has limited energy sources. Integrating smart technologies in historical buildings is widely effective in achieving the sustainability of their historical, symbolic architectural values. Purpose of the study: We aimed to explore the potential integration of smart technologies in cultural and heritage buildings. Methods: We suggested an alternative solution — adopting the smart building concept in the Abu Jaber Museum in Al-Salt (which recently got on the UNESCO World Heritage List since it has more than 1000 heritage buildings), using an automated lighting control system. Approach: We deployed the qualitative method and case study approach to investigate the potential of adopting the smart building concept in the historical building in Al-Salt, Jordan. The study sheds light on the possibilities of utilizing smart technologies in historical buildings in Al-Salt. The findings indicate that smart technologies can offer great opportunity in preserving the architectural heritage and raising the efficiency of heritage buildings. Novelty: The study provides a framework based mainly on automated lighting systems in historical buildings. For the first time, the focus was on historical buildings in Jordan and their performance.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45277198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DYNAMIC MODEL OF A RAILWAY LIFTING CRANE","authors":"J. Vatulin, D. Potakhov, E. Potakhov, S. Orlov","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-1-72-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-1-72-78","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Currently, mobile boom cranes equipped with telescopic boom equipment are widely used in construction, loading and unloading, as well as installation. Purpose of the study: We aimed to develop a dynamic model for a railway lifting crane, taking into account the interaction of its structural elements with each other and the bearing soil surface in a three-dimensional formulation. Methods: In the course of the study, we used Simulation and Motion modules of the SolidWorks software package, Klepikov’s non-linearly deformable soil model, and Lagrange’s equation of the second kind. Results: As a result, we developed a numerical analytical 3D model describing dynamic loading and deformation of the “mobile boom crane – foundation” system in a three-dimensional formulation. The model takes into account the following: the internal bending deformation and the interaction of the mating structural elements of a crane (telescopic sections, telescoping hydraulic cylinders, and outriggers), hoist rope rigidity, grillage (framework of sleepers) influence, elastic and plastic properties of the base platform soil, and action of inertial loads on the structural elements of the lifting crane.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49362242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADOPTION OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT LIFE CYCLE: BENEFITS FOR STAKEHOLDERS","authors":"Nguyen Quoc Toan, N. Tâm, Tran Ngoc Diep, Pham Xuan Anh","doi":"10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-1-56-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2022-7-1-56-71","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Building Information Modeling (BIM) is characterized by potential benefits at many phases of the construction project life cycle. However, no comprehensive study has been conducted to evaluate the benefits of BIM adoption and implementation for project stakeholders in the Vietnamese construction industry context. Methods: This study aimed to identify and evaluate the benefits of BIM adoption and implementation in construction projects based on the perception of project stakeholders through data collection from 159 valid construction practitioners. The reliability and validity tests were performed to analyze collected data by SPSS 22 software. Results: The results demonstrated that four primary clusters of the project stakeholders received benefits when BIM was adopted in construction projects: architectural and structural design units (10 benefits), facility management units (8 benefits), contractors (6 benefits), and owners (6 benefits). These clusters accounted for 58.954%, 5.975%, 4.682%, and 3.736%, respectively, of the variance that characterized the benefits of BIM adoption. The findings indicated that ‘improve the quality of design drawings’, and ‘minimize conflicts/changes’ were the most significant BIM benefits for architectural and structural design units, whereas ‘convenient for managing project data’ and ‘easy planning and resource mobilization’ were the top benefits for facility management units. For contractors, ‘minimize construction errors’ and ‘construction cost saving’ were the most prominent benefits. Besides, BIM brought owners such striking benefits as ‘maximize project performance’ and ‘easier to choose investment options’.","PeriodicalId":52295,"journal":{"name":"Architecture and Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46257626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}