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{"title":"Adaptation of feed crops to saline-alkali soil stress and effect of improving saline-alkali soil","authors":"Wang-Nian Wang, Junzhu Ge, Haitang Yang, Fating Yin, T. Huang, Jie Kuai, Jing Wang, Bo Wang, Guanghong Zhou, Tinghuan Fu","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14051","url":null,"abstract":": Saline-alkali land widely distributes with large area in China. It is of great significance to select forage crops and rea-lize planting and breeding cycle in saline-alkali land to promote the development of herbivorous animal husbandry and the improvement of saline-alkali land in China. In this study, the plots with high salinity difference were selected from the coastal sa-line-alkali land in Tianjin (NaCl type) and the inland saline-alkali land in northwest Xinjiang (Na 2 SO 4 -NaHCO 3 type), respectively, and six field crops such as corn, sorghum, wheat, millet, soybean, and rapeseed with feed value were planted to determine the biomass, crude protein content, sodium and potassium ion content, and other indicators. The results were as follows. When the salt content was less than 1.82 g kg –1 and 2.00 g kg –1 in saline-alkali land NaCl type and Na 2 SO 4 -NaHCO 3 type, respectively. The biomass and crude protein yield of the crops were close to those of conventional cultivated land, suggesting that saline-alkali land in low salt content could be used as forage production base. When the salt content reached 2.49 g kg –1 in the Na 2 SO 4 -NaHCO 3 type saline-alkali soil, the biomass and crude protein yield of rapeseed were significantly higher than other crops. Thus, in the Na 2 SO 4 -NaHCO 3 type saline-alkali soil with salt content lower than 2.49 g kg –1 , rapeseed could be planted for fodder development and utilization. When the salt content in saline-alkali land of NaCl type and Na 2 SO 4 -NaHCO 3 type reached 3.63 g kg –1 and 4.42 g kg –1 , respectively. The biomass and crude protein yield of each crop was lower than 51.72% of that in conventional cultivated land, which made the utilization value of the cultivated land low. Therefore, it was recommended to use these saline-alkali land of NaCl type and Na 2 SO 4 -NaHCO 3 with high content salt and alkali after improvement. In the different plots of the two experimental sites, the enrichment of Na + in soil by rapeseed was significantly higher than the other crops at P < 0.05, and it also significantly reduced the total soil salt and Na + content. In this experiment, in plots with salinity of 1.82, 2.00, and 2.49 g kg –1 , rapeseed had the most obvious Na + enrichment effect. The enrichment of rapeseed on soil Na + was 39.45, 102.24, and 57.19 kg hm –2 respectively, accounting for 13.02%, 15.99%, and 8.94% of the Na + in the 0–20 cm cultivated layer soil, respectively. The improvement effect of rapeseed on saline-alkali land was significant. The above results provide a reference for the utilization of the saline-alkali land in China for the production of herbivorous feed raw materials, the promotion of the development of herbivorous animal husbandry, and the improvement of saline-alkali land.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49646419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different responses of rice cultivars to salt stress and the underlying mechanisms","authors":"Jiaqian Yan, Yi-Biao Gu, Zhangyi Xue, Tianyao Zhou, Qian-Qian Ge, Hao Zhang, Li-jun Liu, Zhiqin Wang, J. Gu, Jianchang Yang, Zhenxiang Zhou, Dandi Xu","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.12027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.12027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44411858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contents and compositions of amino acids in rice grains and their regulation: a review","authors":"Jianzhong Yang, Chao Li, Yi-Qing Jiang","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.12062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.12062","url":null,"abstract":": Amino acids in cereal grains are important nutrients for both human and animals. Increasing the content of amino acids in the rice grain, especially lysine and other essential amino acids, plays a very important role in improving the nutritional stan-dard of people in the countries with rice as staple food. This paper reviewed some research progresses in the contents and compositions of amino acids in the mature grain of rice and their distribution in the different parts of a grain, the synthesis and metabolism of amino acids in the grain, the role of plant hormones in regulating the synthesis and metabolism of on amino acids, and the effects of environmental factors and cultivation practices on the contents and compositions of amino acids in the grain, and dis-cussed the existing problems and key points for future research. It merits further investigating the temporal (at different filling stages) and spatial (at different parts of a grain) distribution characteristics of the contents and compositions of amino acids in a grain during the filling, their physiological and biochemical mechanism, and cultivation regulation and its principle. Such a study is expected to gain new insight into the mechanism in the formation and distributions of amino acids in a rice grain, and explore a new way to increase the contents of amino acids, especially essential amino acids such as lysine, in milled rice.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44801673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of genetically modified maize (<italic>Zea mays </italic>L.) NK603 matrix reference materials","authors":"L. Shan, Jun Li, Liangwwen Li, Li Zhang, Hao-Qian Wang, Jiaqi Gao, Gang Wu, Yu-hua Wu, Xiujie Zhang","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.13025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.13025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48127582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of blast resistance genes in Longliangyou and Jingliangyou hybrid rice varieties","authors":"Z. Deng, Nan Jiang, Chen-jian Fu, Tianze Yan, Xing-Xue Fu, Xiaochun Hu, P. Qin, Shan Liu, Kai Wang, Yuanzhu Yang","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.12002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.12002","url":null,"abstract":": Longke 638S and Jing 4155S, developed by Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co., Ltd. in 2014, were two thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines with disease resistance, high grain quality and combining ability for producing mid-season indica hybrid rice. In this study, we analyzed the blast resistance evaluation data from the regional trials of the Longliangyou and Jingliangyou hybrid rice varieties approved by the state from 2015 to 2019. Meanwhile, to provide theoretical basis for distribution and further improvement of these hybrid rice varieties, a genotyping panel containing 16 rice blast resistance ( R ) genes based on KASP (Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR) technology was developed and used for molecular detection of these hybrid rice varieties. The results showed that 43.92% of Longliangyou and Jingliangyou hybrid rice varieties conferred moderate resistance to severity (HSPBS) was 3.3 and 4.7, respectively. These hybrid rice varieties carried different number of R genes, ranging from 3 to 7. The average number of R genes in each variety was 5.1. The distribution frequency of the five genes including Pia , Pita , Pi2 , Pi5 , and Piz were higher by more 50%, among which, it was 100% for Pia gene. In contrast, Pi9 , Pi35 , Pi36 , and Pb1 genes were not detected in Longliangyou and Jingliangyou hybrid rice varieties. With the increase of the number of R genes in the varieties, the mean values of IDI and HSPBS were generally decreased. In conclusion, we suggested that introduction of Pi9 into Longke 638S and Jing 4155s might lead to the further improvement of blast resistance of Longliangyou and Jingliangyou hybrid rice varieties.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47712629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of reduced nitrogen application on soil aeration and root nodule growth of relay strip intercropping soybean","authors":"Xi-Hong Peng, Ping Chen, Qing Du, Xu Yang, Junfang Ren, Benchuan Zheng, Kai Luo, Chengjun Xie, L. Lei, T. Yong, W. Yang","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14069","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41888182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of soaking seeds with MT and EBR on germination and seedling growth in buckwheat under salt stress","authors":"Xinhui Lei, Chenxi Wan, Jinghe Tao, J. Leng, Yixin Wu, Jiale Wang, Pengke Wang, Qingjie Yang, B. Feng, Jinfeng Gao","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.11040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.11040","url":null,"abstract":": Soil salinization is an important limiting factor affecting seed germination, emergence, and growth of crop seeds. It is of great significance to explore the relieving effect of exogenous hormones on buckwheat seed germination and seedling growth under salt stress. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of melatonin (MT) and 2,4-epbrassinolide (EBR) on seed germination, seedling growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, and osmotic regulation substances of buckwheat varieties Xinong 9976 under different salt concentration stress using petri dish germination and pot germination. The results showed that salt stress increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, soluble sugar content, and antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) activities of buckwheat seeds and seedling leaves, decreased the germination potential, germination rate, and seedling rate of buckwheat seeds, and significantly decreased the germ length, radicle length, and seedling height of buckwheat seeds. MT and EBR soaking buckwheat seeds could effectively alleviate the harm of salt stress. Compared with the control, the germination potential, germination rate, and seedling formation rate of buckwheat seeds were increased by 14.9%–33.3%, 11.5%–27.3%, and 20.0%–46.2%, respectively. It significantly increased the radicle length, embryo length, embryo fresh weight, dry weight, seedling height, seedling fresh weight, and dry weight of buckwheat seeds, and significantly increased the soluble sugar content and the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT in buckwheat seeds and seedling leaves, and decreased MDA content. In conclusion, MT and EBR soaking can promote the germination and seedling growth of buckwheat seeds under salt stress, and improve the salt resistance of buckwheat by improving the protective enzyme activity of buckwheat seeds, reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and increasing the content of osmotic regulation substances.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46302377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a high density genetic map between cultivated and semi-wild soybeans and identification of QTLs for plant height","authors":"Chun-Miao Yu, Yong Zhang, Hongya Wang, Xing Yang, Quanzhong Dong, Hong Xue, Ming-ming Zhang, Weiwei Li, Lei Wang, Kai-Feng Hu, Yongge Gu, Li-juan Qiu","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14063","url":null,"abstract":": In this study, 252 plants and their parents of Fengshou 24 × Tongjiao 83-611 were genotyped by SNP160K DNA-chip. A high-density genetic linkage map with a total length of 3661.46 cM was constructed, composing of 5861 SNP markers. Seven QTLs of plant height were detected by inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM), and each one explained 2.56%  10.41% of the variation in plant height. qPH-6-1 had the highest contribution rate of phenotypic variation and dominant effect, explaining 10.41% of plant height variation, and the additive and dominant effects are –1.72 and 18.94, respectively. The contribution rate of qPH-18-1 was the second, explaining 9.64% of plant height variation, but qPH-18-1 has the highest additive effect, reaching –12.42. 11 plants with qPH-6-1 and qPH-18-1 66.03 kb, containing eight genes. Combined with gene annotation and relative expression difference analysis, it was hypothesized that Glyma.18G279800 and Glyma.18G280200 might be associated with plant height of soybean. This study provides a molecular reference base and genetic basis for the improvement of soybean plant architecture.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46518379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation and evaluation of paddy rice canopy characteristics based on images from UAV and ground camera","authors":"Ze Wang, Qing Zhou, Cong Liu, Yue Mu, W. Guo, Yan Ding, S. Ninomiya","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.02065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.02065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43385256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Codon usage bias analysis of S-locus genes <italic>SRK</italic>, <italic>SLG</italic>, and <italic>SP11/SCR</italic> in <italic>Brassica oleracea</italic>","authors":"Yizhong Zhang, Wen-Yi Zeng, Lin-Qiong Deng, Hecui Zhang, Qianying Liu, Tonghong Zuo, Qin-Qin Xie, D. Hu, Chong-Mo Yuan, Xiaoping Lian, Liquan Zhu","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41943961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}