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{"title":"Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Fluorescent Sensor Based on Biomass Derived Carbon Dots from Tomato Stalks for Detection of Tetracycline","authors":"Xuejing Wang, Jing Wang, Guanya Ji, Yihua Zhu, Jun Shi, Mengge Zhang, Chengshun Tang, Hongwei Duan, Xiuxiu Dong, Oluwafunmilola Ola, Qian Liu, Qijian Niu","doi":"10.20944/preprints202509.0468.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202509.0468.v1","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a novel biomass derived carbon dots (CDs) with superior fluorescent properties were prepared by tomato straws. The selective, eco-friendly sensor for the detection of tetracycline (TC) was developed by grafting SiO2 molecular imprinted polymers onto the surface of CDs (CDs@SiO2-MIPs). This sensor combined the high selective adsorption property with the sensitivity of fluorescence detection, which sensing mechanism stems from the off fluorescent signal after the molecular imprinting specifically recognizing the target substance. Under optimal conditions, the fluorescence intensity of the sensor decreased linearly with increasing the concentration of TC from 1.00×10-7 to 5.00×10-4 mol/L. The detection limit of TC was 9.33 ×10-8 mol/L. This work provides a novel biomass derived CDs and a simple molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensing method for the detection of environmental organic pollutants.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/4ecac66208c842831b3c474155dfd3f2/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147899469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Potential Role of Natural Bioactive Compounds Found in Food in the Prevention of Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease","authors":"Sandro Huenchuguala, Juan Segura‐Aguilar","doi":"10.20944/preprints202509.0025.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202509.0025.v1","url":null,"abstract":"The molecular mechanism behind the loss of neuro-melanin-containing dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal sys-tem in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease remains unclear. However, research suggests that aminochrome, an endogenous neurotoxin, may trigger the degeneration of these neurons through a sin-gle-neuron degeneration model. In this model, aminochrome selec-tively destroys individual neurons without spreading to neighbor-ing cells. Aminochrome is produced during neuromelanin synthe-sis, a process that is normally harmless because protective enzymes like DT-diaphorase and glutathione transferase M2-2 neutralize aminochrome’s neurotoxic effects. Increasing the levels of these enzymes could offer neuroprotection. The KEAP1/NRF2 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating antioxidant enzymes, including DT-diaphorase and glutathione transferase M2-2. Nota-bly, certain dietary bioactive compounds can activate the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway, enhancing the production of these protec-tive enzymes. For example, the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentae-noic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, as well as astaxan-thin—found in cold-water fish like salmon—have been shown to boost enzyme expression. This raises an important question: Could dietary interventions help prevent idiopathic Parkinson’s disease?","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/cee9705577a46dc7e2be5e2c9d0b7403/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Effects of Tetraborate Cation on the Microstructure and Properties of Micro-Arc Oxidation Coatings on TA1 Titanium Alloy","authors":"Lujiang Zhou, Xiaofei Peng, Xiaoyan Zhang, Shuliang Wang, Wang Hu, Dinghan Xiang, Meng Huang","doi":"10.20944/preprints202508.2088.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202508.2088.v1","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, micro-arc oxidation (MAO) was applied to TA1 titanium alloy using an electrolyte primarily composed of B4O72-, resulting in the successful formation of micro-nano hierarchical rough structure. MAO treatments were conducted in tetraborate-based alkaline solutions containing different cations (Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺) under constant current conditions. The microstructural characteristics of the oxide layers were systematically investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the influence of the cation type on layer thickness, surface roughness, and corrosion resistance was evaluated. The results demonstrate that the oxide layer formed in the Na₂B₄O₇ electrolyte exhibits superior performance in terms of thickness, surface roughness, adhesion strength, and corrosion resistance compared to those obtained using the other two electrolytes.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/a8f89fccc2679a16eff17f8f35f44dc8/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147886548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AhR Mediates the Neurodevelopmental Toxicity of PFOSA in Zebrafish Larvae","authors":"Pinyi Chen, Kai Wang, Jie Zhang, Yan Jiang, Tao Chen","doi":"10.20944/preprints202508.1883.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202508.1883.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA), the direct precursor to perfluorooctane sul-fonate (PFOS), is widely presented in the environment. Research has indicated that PFOSA is cardiotoxic and hepatotoxic, but its impact on neurodevelopment remains unclear. In the current study, we observed that exposure of PFOSA caused neurode-velopmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos in a dose-dependent manner, as evidenced by impaired motor abilities and decreased swimming distance. We then demonstrated that PFOSA exposure downregulated the mRNA expression of neurodevelopment-related genes including a1-tubulin, elavl3, ache and dat. Moreover, PFOSA exposure resulted in dose-dependent oxidative stress, which triggers apoptosis in the brains of zebrafish larvae. We further showed that inhibition of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) alle-viated the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by PFOSA-induced, thereby coun-teracting the neurodevelopmental abnormalities in zebrafish larvae. In conclusion, these findings indicate PFOSA causes neurodevelopmental disorders by inducing oxi-dative stress and apoptosis through the AhR pathway.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/73f3e9881a63f787ed62977e61e27705/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147890610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GSK3β Inhibition Triggers PLK1/P53-Dependent DNA Repair Revealing a Promising Strategy for Ovarian Cancer Treatment","authors":"Guanming Wang, Li Ge, Tongyu Liu, Linying Liu, Jia Lin, Lijun Chen","doi":"10.20944/preprints202508.0922.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202508.0922.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Most ovarian cancer (OC) tumors are P53-mutant with some mutant P53 proteins possesses an oncogenic activity in OC development. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), an enzyme closely relates to OC development was found to regulate P53 abundance in several cancer cells, however, whether GSK3β regulates P53 protein expression in OC is unknown. We initially aimed to address this issue, which led to identify a novel signaling axis involved in DNA damage repair in OC cell lines. We found GSK3β reversely regulated P53 signaling across ovarian OC cell lines. Inhibition of GSK3β impeded the homogenous recombination (HR) signaling pathway for DNA damage repair thus caused DNA damage, which was responsible for the raised P53 expression in the HR-proficient OC cells. The raised P53, whether mutated or not, attenuated DNA damage caused by GSK3β inhibition. We further confirmed PLK1/Aurora A axis was governed by GSK3β. Inhibition of GSK3β activated PLK1 via Aurora A in ovarian cancer cells and activation of PLK1 related to DNA damage repair. Double inhibition of GSK3β and PLK1 had a synergistic effect on inducing DNA damage and cell apoptosis in OC cells, which stands as a promising therapeutic strategy for OC.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/0d5fdd0ebe271196a09fdfd4e2a9e592/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147967063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Perceived Control and Challenge of Flow Experience of Online Short Video","authors":"Zheng Cheng, Yanfei Xiong","doi":"10.20944/preprints202508.0741.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202508.0741.v1","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, under the background of the development of communication technology, the popularization of smart phones and the acceleration of the pace of life, online short video has developed rapidly. Compared with previous video products, online short video has a short time, but it can enable users to watch continuously, and even produce a certain degree of addictive behavior. Why do individuals have this phenomenon? Many studies attribute the reason to recommendation algorithms for online short videos. However, this paper explores this phenomenon from the perspective of flow experience. Firstly, based on the flow theory and referring to previous studies, according to the characteristics of online short video, the software function application and social impact were included in the measurement range. Then, 8 variables and the research model were explored by using theoretical assumptions. Next, the different influence of each variable on the flow experience of online short video were measured through 710 samples under different dimensions. This study identified the factors that contribute to platform perceived control and challenges in the flow experience of online short videos, the relationships between these variables, and how they affect the flow of online short videos. Finally, the study explores the formation of flow experience of online short video, provides advance research and reference for the academic, social and economic area beyond algorithmic recommendation systems. Key words: Online short video; Flow experience; Platform perceived control; Challenge; Social media;","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147888794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sulfur Insulin Deformation Hypothesis: Disulfide Bond Disruption (A6–A11, A7–B7, A20–B19) and PDI Dysregulation as an Etiology of Insulin Resistance","authors":"Maher M. Akl, Amr Ahmed","doi":"10.20944/preprints202507.1850.v2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202507.1850.v2","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), projected to afflict over 700 million individuals by 2045, demands a revolutionary etiological paradigm. The Sulfur Insulin Deformation Hypothesis redefines T2DM as a sulfur metabolism disorder driven by insulin misfolding due to organic sulfur deficiency, rooted in mitochondrial dysfunction in intestinal epithelial cells. This deficiency disrupts transsulfuration pathways, slashing cysteine and glutathione levels by 30–73.8% (red blood cell glutathione: 1.78 ± 0.28 vs. 6.75 ± 0.47 µmol/g Hb, P < 0.001), amplifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides. This redox imbalance impairs protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) activity, notably PDIA1, PDIA3, and PDIA4, disrupting insulin’s critical disulfide bonds (A6–A11, A7–B7, A20–B19), essential for receptor-binding affinity. Disruption of the A6–A11 hinge bond reduces affinity by 50–70% (r = -0.65, P < 0.05 for HOMA-IR), crippling PI3K-Akt signaling and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation, driving hyperglycemia. Elevated PDIA4 levels in 225 T2DM patients (P < 0.001) correlate with fasting glucose (r = 0.62, P < 0.01) and reduced insulin sensitivity (r = -0.67, P < 0.01). PDIA4 inhibition by PS1 (IC50 = 4 μM) cuts ROS by 50% (P < 0.01), improves HbA1c by 1.2% (P < 0.05), and boosts β-cell survival by 30% (P < 0.05). PDIA1 deletion elevates proinsulin/insulin ratios (P < 0.01), while PDIA3-driven RhoA-YAP signaling fuels adipose inflammation (P < 0.05). N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and GlyNAC restore glutathione by 20–40% (P < 0.01) and insulin sensitivity by 31% (P < 0.05). Aberrant S-nitrosylation further disrupts disulfide bonds, exacerbating insulin resistance. This hypothesis proposes that insulin resistance in T2DM may arise from insulin misfolding due to disrupted disulfide bonds (A6–A11, A7–B7, A20–B19) and PDI dysregulation, revolutionizing therapeutic strategies targeting the gut-mitochondria-sulfur-insulin axis.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/d2bb1dda5bc9dcc779a4a0c47518d416/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147894456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Advances in Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies","authors":"Ilias Salamotas, S. Lorenzo, Aggeliki Stachtiari, Apostolos Taxiarchis, Magda Tsolaki, Elisavet Preza, Iliana Michailidou","doi":"10.20944/preprints202508.0269.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202508.0269.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of motor neuron disease, characterized by progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Clinically heterogeneous, ALS presents with varying patterns of muscle weakness, spasticity, and atrophy, ultimately impairing mobility, communication, swallowing, and respiration. The pathogenesis of ALS involves a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Despite extensive research, ALS remains incurable, with only modestly effective disease-modifying therapies currently available. This review summarizes current understanding of ALS pathophysiology, clinical phenotypes, diagnosis, and ongoing therapeutic developments.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/2ecb9d34a8ae64fa45d4726269fb30c4/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147892723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using KeyGraph and ChatGPT to Detect and Track Topics Related to AI Ethics in Media Outlets","authors":"Wei-Hsuan Li, Hsin-Chun Yu","doi":"10.20944/preprints202507.2599.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202507.2599.v1","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the semantic dynamics and thematic shifts in artificial intelligence (AI) ethics over time, addressing the scarcity of longitudinal perspectives in the literature. In response to the rapid AI technology evolution and associated ethical risks and societal influences, this research integrates the theory of chance discovery with the KeyGraph algorithm. Guided by the double helix model of human–AI interaction, this work constructs a keyword co-occurrence network via iterative semantic exploration. Building on the co-occurrence structures and original textual data, this work employs ChatGPT for semantic interpretation, enhancing the accuracy and comprehensiveness of topic detection. The study analyzes AI ethics reports released between 2022 and 2024 by reputable, authoritative institutions, revealing that the thematic focus has expanded from technical risks to broader issues of institutional governance and societal trust. Various keywords, including bias, privacy, and ethical, have emerged as core nodes across multiple years, indicating a shift in AI ethics discourse from technical development to regulatory policy. This evolution highlights the formation of an integrated governance framework, encompassing technological robustness, institutional adaptability, and social consensus. This dynamic semantic analysis framework offers empirical contributions to AI ethics governance and knowledge development and valuable insight for researchers and interdisciplinary stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/84ca22f593e9e74b973bc9b7af23781e/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147922008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ Solidification of Plastic Interlayers Enabling the Application of Li-rich Layered Oxide Cathodes in PVDF-HFP-Based Polymer All-Solid-State Batteries","authors":"Fei Zhou, Jinwei Tan, Feixiang Wang, Meiling Sun","doi":"10.20944/preprints202507.2448.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202507.2448.v1","url":null,"abstract":"All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) employing Li-rich layered oxide (LLO) cathodes are regarded as promising next-generation energy storage systems owing to their outstanding energy density and intrinsic safety. Polymer-in-salt solid electrolytes (PISSE) offer advantages such as low processing costs, high ionic conductivity, and good anode compatibility; however, their practical deployment is hindered by poor oxidative stability especially under high-voltage. In this study, we report the rational design of a bilayer electrolyte architecture featuring an in situ solidified LiClO₄-doped succinonitrile (LiClO₄–SN) plastic-crystal interlayer between a Li₁.₂Mn₀.₆Ni₀.₂O₂ (LMNO) cathode and a PVDF-HFP-based PISSE. This PISSE/SN–LiClO₄ configuration exhibits a wide electrochemical stability window up to 4.7 V vs. Li+/Li and delivers a high ionic conductivity of 2.38 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 25 °C. The solidified LiClO₄-SN layer serves as an effective physical barrier, shielding the PVDF-HFP matrix from direct interfacial contact with LMNO and thereby suppressing its oxidative decomposition at elevated potentials. As a result, the bilayer polymer-based cells with LMNO cathode demonstrate an initial discharge capacity of ∼206 mAh g-1 at 0.05 C and exhibit good cycling stability with 85.7% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.5 C under a high cut-off voltage of 4.6 V. This work not only provides a promising strategy to enhance the compatibility of PVDF-HFP-based electrolytes with high-voltage cathodes through the facile in-situ solidification of plastic interlayers but also promotes the application of LMNO cathode material in high-energy ASSLBs.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/580ed9b1d45766c5d5bfd8dbbea4931d/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147922288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}