ASM case reports最新文献

{"title":"Role of exotic felids as carriers of multidrug-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Newport.","authors":"Francisco A Uzal","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00227-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00227-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic salmonellosis in exotic felids is uncommon. In a recent article in <i>ASM Case Reports</i> (2:e00098-25, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1128/asmcr.00098-25), B. L. S. Stenger, D. R. Evans, S. J. Gefroh, A. Breuer, et al. published a report on multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Newport, persisting strain REPJJP01 isolated from two snow leopards (<i>Panthera uncia</i>) and a Pallas's cat (<i>Otocolobus manul</i>) in two separate regional zoos. <i>Salmonella</i> Newport causes human and animal enteric disease, but this particular strain has not been isolated from felids before. The reported cases highlight the value of genotypic and phenotypic techniques to identify shared and potentially MDR strains of <i>Salmonella</i> from human and animal hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tradeoffs between targeted and expanded testing strategies for influenza A(H5N1).","authors":"Daniel A Green","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00053-26","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00053-26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a recent article in <i>ASM Case Reports</i>, G. P. Higerd-Rusli, A. Karan, S. A. Hoffman, I. E. A. Morante, et al. (ASM Case Rep 2:e00165-25, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1128/asmcr.00165-25) describe one confirmed and one probable case of influenza A(H5N1) detected through universal subtyping of influenza A-positive specimens, including cases without known animal exposure. These findings highlight the limitations of exposure-based testing strategies and raise important questions about early detection of emerging pathogens. Drawing on lessons from prior pandemics, this commentary examines the tradeoffs between targeted and expanded surveillance and emphasizes the need for adaptive, flexible approaches to laboratory preparedness.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First cases of suspected sexual transmission of <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> genotypes VII and VIII in Orange County, California, USA.","authors":"Shannen Guarina, Amirhossein Darvishzadeh, Cassiana Bittencourt, Rosa M Andrade","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00011-26","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00011-26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> complex is emerging as a sexually transmitted infection. Progressive disease, dissemination, or frequent recurrences should raise suspicion for this infection, which often requires prolonged antifungal therapy.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 37-year-old man and a 35-year-old woman were referred to our infectious diseases clinic for recalcitrant ringworm that had not responded to prior therapy. Fungal cultures from initial visits grew <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> complex, genotypes VII and VIII, respectively. Both patients were successfully treated with a combination of oral and topical azoles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report two cases of suspected sexual transmission of <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> complex genotypes VII and VIII in Orange County, California, USA.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudomonal sternal abscess and osteomyelitis as an initial manifestation of common variable immunodeficiency.","authors":"Marina Makram, Elie Bou Sanayeh, Hadi Itani, Elie Moussa, Ahmed Zayed, Allison Glaser","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00014-26","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00014-26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most prevalent symptomatic primary immunodeficiency in adults and is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and recurrent bacterial infections. The initial presentation of sternal osteomyelitis and abscesses, particularly due to <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, is exceedingly rare.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>We report the case of a 39-year-old, previously healthy male who presented with progressive right-sided chest pain and an anterior chest wall mass. Imaging revealed sternal bone erosion with an associated parasternal soft-tissue collection. Surgical exploration revealed two sternal abscess cavities, and cultures grew pan-susceptible <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. Laboratory studies revealed profound hypogammaglobulinemia, and flow cytometry revealed a small monoclonal B-cell population. Autoimmune and infectious workup results were unremarkable. The patient underwent serial surgical debridement and received 6 weeks of intravenous cefepime with initiation of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for the newly diagnosed CVID. At the 3-month follow-up, there was complete clinical resolution with no evidence of recurrent infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights a rare presentation of CVID with sternal osteomyelitis and abscess caused by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. This underscores the importance of considering primary immunodeficiency in adults with atypical or severe infections and highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by such unusual presentations. Early identification and immunoglobulin replacement therapy are critical for achieving favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clonally related <i>Escherichia coli</i> ST69 causing neonatal sepsis in preterm siblings born 1 year apart.","authors":"Dustin D Flannery, Jie Feng, Alvaro Zevallos Barboza, Robert F Potter, Karen M Puopolo, Vivek Mutalik, Scott J Weissman, Edward G Dudley","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00221-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00221-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recurrent neonatal infection caused by the same bacterial lineage across pregnancies is rarely documented. We describe two preterm siblings born one year apart who developed <i>Escherichia coli</i> sepsis caused by clonally related strains.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>Two female infants were born preterm, 1 year apart, at 26 weeks and 4 days and 30 weeks and 3 days of gestation, respectively, following prolonged premature rupture of membranes. Both infants were evaluated for early-onset sepsis at birth with blood cultures and administered empiric ampicillin and gentamicin; initial blood cultures were sterile, and antibiotics were discontinued after 24 h. At 7 days of age, each infant developed new clinical signs of infection, and both were diagnosed with <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia. Both infants recovered after treatment with intravenous antibiotics. Whole-genome sequencing identified the isolates as O15:K52:H18, sequence type 69 (ST69), differing by only a few single nucleotide polymorphisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These cases suggest recurrent vertical transmission of a pathogenic <i>E. coli</i> lineage leading to neonatal infection arising just beyond the immediate newborn period.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stealth MRSA: a diagnostic pitfall in invasive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> infection.","authors":"Tess A Karre, Rudolf J Kotula, Richard V Goering","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00030-26","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00030-26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is commonly identified by phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing or detection of the <i>mecA</i> gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a). A subset of isolates, referred to as oxacillin-susceptible MRSA (OS-MRSA) or \"stealth MRSA,\" demonstrates phenotypic susceptibility to oxacillin despite harboring <i>mecA</i>, creating a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>We describe a case of invasive infection caused by a USA300 OS-MRSA strain in a patient with a soft tissue abscess and infective endocarditis. Repeated phenotypic testing demonstrated oxacillin susceptibility, while molecular assays detected the <i>mecA</i> gene. Additional phenotypic and genotypic analyses confirmed OS-MRSA. The patient was successfully treated with MRSA-active antimicrobial therapy following recognition of the genotype-phenotype discrepancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case demonstrates the limitations of phenotypic susceptibility testing alone for detection of methicillin resistance in <i>S. aureus</i>. Supplemental testing beyond routine phenotypic susceptibility may be needed for accurate classification and appropriate management of OS-MRSA, particularly in invasive infections where failure to recognize resistance may lead to suboptimal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sepsis caused by two <i>Phytobacter</i> species: clinical cases and polyphasic characterization of an emerging Enterobacteriaceae.","authors":"Marcelo Pillonetto, Maria Esther Graf, Geiziane A Gonçalves, Debora N O Kulek, Ana Paula S Chacon, Helki S R Pereira, Alexandre W Losso, Mariana Bodnar, Polyana M Miguel, Amanda Dal Lin, Letícia Kraft, Jose F C Neto, Geovana Vizentainer, Theo H M Smits, Fabio Rezzonico","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00051-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00051-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Phytobacter</i> spp., a recently recognized human pathogen, presents significant diagnostic challenges. Conventional biochemical and automated identification methods often fail to distinguish <i>Phytobacter</i> from other <i>Enterobacterales</i>, which hinders accurate diagnosis and may potentially delay appropriate treatment. Since 2018, our state public health laboratory (LACEN-PR) has adopted a polyphasic identification strategy, integrating matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, API 20E, targeted quantitative PCR, and whole-genome sequencing to investigate closely related <i>Enterobacterales</i> isolates that were initially misidentified and subsequently confirmed as <i>Phytobacter</i> spp. This study reports three cases of <i>Phytobacter</i>-associated sepsis, including a putative novel <i>Phytobacter</i> species and the first documented case of <i>bla</i> _NDM-positive <i>Phytobacter ursingii</i>.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>Case 1: A 31-year-old man living with HIV developed sepsis following respiratory failure. Initial testing misidentified the isolate as <i>Leclercia adecarboxylata</i>, but the polyphasic approach revealed the potential for a novel <i>Phytobacter</i> species. The patient showed clinical improvement following targeted antimicrobial therapy. Case 2: A 50-year-old trauma patient developed sepsis caused by a <i>Phytobacter</i> spp. The isolate was closely related to that of Case 1. Despite treatment, he succumbed to the infection. Case 3: A 68-year-old woman with multiple comorbidities who developed septic shock. Blood cultures identified <i>bla</i> _NDM-positive <i>Phytobacter ursingii</i>. The patient did not survive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These cases underscore the clinical significance of <i>Phytobacter</i> spp. as an emerging pathogen and highlight the challenges posed by their misidentification. The discovery of a novel species and multidrug-resistant <i>P. ursingii</i> highlights the need for improved diagnostic accuracy and effective treatment to enhance surveillance and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-detection of measles virus vaccine strain and seasonal coronavirus in an immunocompromised patient with pneumonia.","authors":"C Anderson, R Odrobina, L T Murugan, B T Bradley","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00050-26","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00050-26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Measles vaccination is recommended for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients ≥24 months post-transplant in the absence of graft-versus-host disease and immunosuppressive therapy. Administration of live vaccines during immunosuppression may result in iatrogenic injury.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>We describe a 76-year-old patient with stage 3 multiple myeloma who had undergone autologous HSCT and received multiple therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and recent daratumumab treatment. Approximately 1 month after measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination, she presented with progressive respiratory symptoms and hypoxia. Despite broad-spectrum antimicrobials and supportive care, her condition deteriorated, requiring ICU admission and mechanical ventilation. Molecular testing of her bronchoalveolar fluid detected the measles virus vaccine strain and seasonal coronavirus OC63. The patient succumbed to her illness on hospital day 16.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the rare but severe complication of measles vaccine-associated pneumonia in an immunocompromised host. While guidelines support MMR vaccination ≥24 months post-HSCT, ongoing immunosuppression may increase susceptibility to vaccine-related adverse events. Rising measles incidence in North America underscores the need for individualized vaccination strategies, balancing infection risk and vaccine safety. Healthcare providers should exercise caution when considering live-attenuated vaccines in HSCT recipients with recent immunosuppressive therapy. Further research is needed to refine vaccination guidelines for this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the bladder: case series of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> bacillus Calmette-Guérin infections following intravesical instillation.","authors":"Adrienne A Workman, Ourania Parra, Nicole A Loeven, Prabhjot Kaur, Florian R Schroeck, John D Seigne, Rebecca Wang, Isabella W Martin","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00207-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00207-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intravesical instillation of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) was first used to treat bladder cancer in 1976. Since then, it has become a common therapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. A live, attenuated mycobacterium, <i>M. bovis</i> BCG causes infectious complications in approximately 1% of patients. These infections can involve various anatomic sites and have a range of presentations. Diagnosis may require several testing modalities, and treatment typically involves multiple antimicrobials for a long duration. We report three cases of <i>M. bovis</i> BCG infection following intravesical BCG instillation for the treatment of bladder cancer. The patients are men ranging in age from 71 to 83 years old. One had a ruptured mycotic aneurysm of the aorta, another had a presumed anaphylactic reaction, and the final had a bone marrow infection. Isolation of BCG was achieved through mycobacterial blood culture in two cases and also through mycobacterial culture of bone marrow and hematoma aspirate. Nucleic acid amplification testing for <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex (of which BCG is a member) was utilized in two cases, and histologic examination identified granulomas in one case. Two of the patients received mycobacterial treatment, including rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and linezolid. One patient remains living over 3 years after infection, one died despite treatment, and one died from unrelated causes. These cases highlight the diversity of BCG infection symptoms and sites and the various laboratory testing modalities that can inform diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Streptococcus equi</i> subspecies <i>equi</i> pyelonephritis in a pony.","authors":"Maho Okumura, Louise Southwood, Nathan Helgert, Cristobal Navas de Solis, Cassandra Mahoney, Donna J Kelly","doi":"10.1128/asmcr.00240-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/asmcr.00240-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Streptococcus equi</i> subspecies <i>equi</i> (<i>SEE</i>) causes a highly contagious disease colloquially known as \"strangles\" in equids. This disease is typically characterized by pyrexia, mucopurulent nasal discharge, and abscessation of the submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes. Although typically localized to the upper respiratory tract, the infection can disseminate via lymphatic or hematogenous routes, leading to disseminated strangles involving peripheral lymph nodes and thoracic and abdominal organs.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 21-year-old Welsh Pony cross gelding presented for urine dribbling and presumptive cystolithiasis due to urine retention and bladder distention. Urinary catheterization and urethrocystoscopy revealed a large volume of hematuria, no urinary calculi, and an abnormal ureteral opening. Imaging revealed nonspecific renal abnormalities consistent with chronic kidney disease, with secondary acute kidney injury, and a mass near the aortic bifurcation. Aerobic urine culture yielded <i>SEE</i> identified via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry with a score >2.0 and confirmed by PCR. The pony was euthanized due to poor prognosis, and autopsy results revealed pituitary pars intermedia hyperplasia and microadenoma and neutrophilic, hemorrhagic, and necrotizing pyelonephritis. The pyelonephritis is likely due to hematogenous or lymphatic dissemination of the organism to the kidney. We speculate that immunosuppression related to pars pituitary intermedia dysfunction may have predisposed this animal to this atypical manifestation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are limited reports of metastatic strangles presenting as pyelonephritis in equids. This case highlights the potential for a common equine pathogen to manifest as an unexpected presentation and underscores the need to consider strangles in the differential diagnosis of equine renal disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":521101,"journal":{"name":"ASM case reports","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}