Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the determinants of vaccine hesitancy within undergraduate students' social sphere.","authors":"Alessandro Siani,&nbsp;Megan Driscoll,&nbsp;Tia-Mai Hurst,&nbsp;Tutu Coker,&nbsp;Alice Georgina Grantham,&nbsp;Amrit Bunet","doi":"10.1007/s10389-021-01538-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01538-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Vaccine hesitancy is widely recognised as one of the most serious threats to current global health. While the causes underlying vaccine hesitancy have been extensively described and several mitigation strategies trialled amongst current and prospective parents, there is a relative scarcity of research investigating its extent and causative factors amongst university students, a critical demographic due to its temporal proximity to the average child-rearing age. The present study sought to address this literature gap by elucidating the social and demographic factors that might underpin vaccine hesitancy in university students.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>An anonymous online survey was carried out to investigate the opinions and perspectives on the practice of vaccination within undergraduate students' social sphere. The statistical significance of the differences observed between groups of participants was analysed using non-parametric tests of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Amongst the 739 volunteers who participated in the survey, vaccine confidence varied significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) with age, ethnicity and religion, and to a lesser (yet still statistically significant) extent (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with graduate status. No statistically significant differences were observed with regard to gender or number of children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By shedding new light on the factors underpinning vaccine hesitancy within undergraduate students' social network, the present study provides a stepping stone towards the development of targeted mitigation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"2791-2799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10389-021-01538-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25598220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling the scaling-up problem of digital health applications.","authors":"Peggy Richter,&nbsp;Lorenz Harst","doi":"10.1007/s10389-021-01599-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01599-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this editorial is to provide guidance for the readers concerning the broad realm of approaches towards successful implementation of digital health applications into the health care system. Recent developments due to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic are used as a current angle.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>All contributions within the special issue were scanned for their most decisive contribution to the special issue and the field of implementation science, with a focus on digital health. Micro, meso, and macro layers of implementation processes, as well as the technological perspective itself, are used as broad categories for sorting the contributions and structuring the special issue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ten contributions to this special issue cover micro (<i>n</i> = 1), technology (<i>n</i> = 1), meso (<i>n</i> = 4) and macro (<i>n</i> = 2) perspectives on the implementation process of digital health applications. Two further contributions also tackle the issue from a wider perspective when aiming to structure telemedicine application types and barriers encountered when implementing digital health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering the wide array of research fields represented in this special issue, an emphasis is put on the importance of interdisciplinary work required for tackling the scale-up problem of digital health. As such, the special issue can assist in leveraging the full potential of digital health, not only when dealing with situations as out-of-the-ordinary as the current pandemic but also well beyond that, for example when dealing with the upcoming challenges of demographic change.</p>","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10389-021-01599-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39079871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoker's characteristics, general health and their perception of smoking in the social environment: a study of smokers in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh.","authors":"Md Kamruzzaman,&nbsp;Ahammad Hossain,&nbsp;Enamul Kabir","doi":"10.1007/s10389-020-01413-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-020-01413-w","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Smoking is one of the bad habits in social environment and is one of the main causes of immature death in Bangladesh. Rajshahi is one of the cleanest, most peaceful cities in Bangladesh, but the inhabitants often feel uncomfortable about smokers who smoke in public places and often on transport. Smoking frequency is very high among males compared to females, and a large number of smokers are building or road construction laborers and people involved in offering different services such as transportation, vending from vans, etc. The practice of smoking in this area is destructive for mental and physical health especially for students compared to other professionals because the city is known as the City of Education.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study analyzes smokers' characteristics, general health, and their (smokers) perception of smoking in public places. Cross-sectional data were collected randomly from 160 smokers through face-to-face questionnaire survey. The determinants of complexities with regard to social environment and human health were studied using frequency distribution, chi-square test, and binary and multinomial logistic regression analysis using IBM SPSS version 24.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Frequency distributions reveal that 93.8% of smokers believe that smoking creates public health hazards, 51.3% of smokers think it causes breathing complexities for non-smokers, 48.8% of smokers feel smoking causes air pollution, 68.8% of smokers think smoking causes gastric problems, 24.4% of smokers had headache problems due to smoking and cigarette fumes, 86.3% of smokers learnt smoking from friends, 48.8% of smokers smoke due to their addiction and 25.6% for depression, and 80.6% usually smoke after having a meal. The chi-square test reveals that class of smokers was significantly associated with frequency of heartbeat rate, starting smoking at specific age level was significantly associated with suffering from diseases, category of smoking articles was significantly associated with suffering from disease, class of smokers was significantly associated with causes for smoking, and starting smoking at specific age level was significantly associated with profession of the smokers at 1% level of significance respectively. A significant odds ratio was found (OR = 6.363, 95% CI 1.918-21.104, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) for the profession group of students/labour at 1% level; their outcomes for suffering from diseases such as gastric problem and fever/headache/others were 6.363 times those for the profession group of service/other smokers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Smoking in public places should be restricted because non-smokers cannot breathe freely and it is not healthy for them to inhale smoke indirectly, which has many adverse effects on public health. The study also reveals that the majority of the smokers have gastric problems, abnormal heartbeat rates, frequent headaches, depression and addictio","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1501-1512"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10389-020-01413-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38806157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in rates of NEET (not in education, employment, or training) subgroups among youth aged 15 to 24 in Italy, 2004 - 2019.","authors":"Simone Amendola","doi":"10.1007/s10389-021-01484-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10389-021-01484-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the present study was to explore trends in NEET rates according to gender and NEET subgroups in young Italian people. Furthermore, it examined whether trends changed following specific time points such as financial crisis in 2008, education and labor market strategies, and the partial recovery of European economy in 2014.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All data were obtained from the ISTAT (Italian National Institute of Statistics) Database. NEET rates, stratified by gender and NEET subgroup, were extracted for young people aged 15 to 24 years from 2004 to 2019 in Italy. Trends in NEET rates stratified by gender and NEET subgroup (i.e., \"unemployed\", \"potential workforce\", \"unavailable\") were analyzed using joinpoint regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The trends of the unemployed NEET rate were stable or decreasing until 2008, increasing between 2008 and 2014 and thereafter decreasing across both male and female genders. The trends of potential workforce NEET rate sharply increased between 2004 and 2014, and afterwards decreased in both genders. Finally, the trends of unavailable NEET rate were stable in females and constantly increasing in males over the entire analyzed period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to the results of this ecological study, trends differences in NEET subgroups' rates emerged. The financial crisis in 2008 and the education and labor market strategies around 2014 mainly coincided with relevant changes in trends of unemployed NEET rate and, partially, with changes in trends of potential workforce NEET rate. The trend in unavailable NEET rate increased over the entire period in males, and did not show important changes in either gender.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-021-01484-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"2221-2229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7924817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25453673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sauerbruch, STARPAHC, and SARS: Historical Perspectives on Readiness and Barriers in Telemedicine.","authors":"Doreen Reifegerste,&nbsp;Lorenz Harst,&nbsp;Lena Otto","doi":"10.1007/s10389-021-01513-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01513-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Telemedicine is a promising solution to extend traditional health care services. Even though mainly discussed during the past two decades, its roots go back into the past century and even further, considering the use of bonfires to warn other villages of diseases. Insights from historical cases can therefore be useful for the ongoing discussion regarding the successful implementation of telemedicine.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>We analyzed three historical telemedicine cases (varying regarding time and place) and extracted their success factors and barriers as well as assessed their maturity by using the Telemedicine Community Readiness Model (TCRM). Evidence-based categories of success factors and barriers as well as the TCRM's dimensions were used as deductive categories to analyze the study material's content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis showed that the readiness for telemedicine is higher when the technology is the only option to access health care services. In all three cases, core readiness played a central role. However, the health sector, existing technology, and finance were barriers present at all times, while during pandemics, some barriers are only temporarily removed, for example, by putting legal issues on hold. The analyzed cases were all on lower levels of maturity as they mainly represent pilot tests or exceptional circumstances.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results indicate the important core functions in telemedicine initiatives as well as the diversity of their circumstances. Insights from such historical meta-perspectives can, for example, help to strengthen the sustainability of the increased use of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic and scale up current telemedicine projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10389-021-01513-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25525558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and prevalence of risk factors for severe COVID-19 in the ageing European population - a SHARE-based analysis.","authors":"Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt,&nbsp;Camilla Riis Nielsen,&nbsp;Sören Möller,&nbsp;Kaare Christensen,&nbsp;Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen","doi":"10.1007/s10389-021-01537-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01537-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>International health authorities suggest that individuals aged 65 years and above and people with underlying comorbidities such as hypertension, chronic lung disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and obesity are at increased risk of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the prevalence of risk factors is unknown in many countries. Therefore, we aimed to describe the distribution of these risk factors across Europe.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>Prevalence of risk factors for severe COVID-19 was identified based on interviews from 73,274 Europeans aged 50+ participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) in 2017. Burden of disease was estimated using population data from Eurostat.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 75.3% of the study population (corresponding to approx. 60 million European men and 71 million women) had at least one risk factor for severe COVID-19, 45.9% (approx. 36 million men and 43 million women) had at least two factors, and 21.2% (approx. 17 million men and 20 million women) had at least three risk factors. The prevalence of underlying medical conditions ranged from 4.5% for cancer to 41.4% for hypertension, and the region-specific prevalence of having at least three risk factors ranged from 18.9% in Northern Europe to 24.6% in Eastern Europe.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Information about the prevalence of risk factors might help authorities to identify the most vulnerable subpopulations with multiple risk factors of severe COVID-19 and thus to decide appropriate strategies to mitigate the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-021-01537-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"2081-2090"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10389-021-01537-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38818773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of tele visit healthcare services triggered by the COVID-19 emergency: the Trentino Province experience.","authors":"Sara Testa,&nbsp;Oscar Mayora-Ibarra,&nbsp;Enrico Maria Piras,&nbsp;Olivia Balagna,&nbsp;Stefano Micocci,&nbsp;Alberto Zanutto,&nbsp;Stefano Forti,&nbsp;Diego Conforti,&nbsp;Andrea Nicolini,&nbsp;Giulia Malfatti,&nbsp;Monica Moz,&nbsp;Lorenzo Gios,&nbsp;Pier Paolo Benetollo,&nbsp;Ettore Turra,&nbsp;Massimo Orrasch,&nbsp;Francesca Zambotti,&nbsp;Maurizio Del Greco,&nbsp;Massimiliano Maines,&nbsp;Lorena Filippi,&nbsp;Monica Ghezzi,&nbsp;Federica Romanelli,&nbsp;Elisabetta Racano,&nbsp;Mauro Marin,&nbsp;Marta Betta,&nbsp;Elisabetta Bertagnolli","doi":"10.1007/s10389-021-01609-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01609-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>In response to the SARS-CoV-2 emergency, the Competence Centre on digital health 'TrentinoSalute4.0' has developed TreC_Televisita, a tele visit solution that meets the needs of the Trentino healthcare system and maintains high-quality patient-doctor interactions while respecting social distancing. This paper highlights how 'TreC_Televisita' was integrated into the Trentino healthcare system and its potential to become a structural and durable solution for the future local healthcare service provisioning.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>This paper presents the multifactorial context that TreC_Televisita has faced for its implementation and the strategies adopted for its structural integration into the healthcare system. The analysis focuses on the main issues faced for the integration of the tele visits (e.g. privacy, payments) and how the context of TrentinoSalute4.0 permitted responding quickly to its implementation during the pandemic. It also describes how TreC_Televisita fits into the healthcare continuum from the organisational and technological standpoint, the end-user perspective and the barriers that could hamper the solution scalability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TreC_Televisita has demonstrated to be a technological solution that can be contextualised for different clinical domains beyond SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, it has shown its potential to scale up the solution beyond the COVID-19 emergency to the whole healthcare provisioning system in the long term.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Being a positive experience in the first months of its implementation, the long-term goal is to transform TreC_Televisita into a structural pillar of the Trentino healthcare system, setting the bases for a sustainable, win-win situation for all the stakeholders involved in healthcare service provisioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"77-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10389-021-01609-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39250233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of mobile sensors in a telemedicine hospital system: remote-monitoring in COVID-19 patients.","authors":"Alexander Müller,&nbsp;Hannah Haneke,&nbsp;Valerie Kirchberger,&nbsp;Giulio Mastella,&nbsp;Michael Dommasch,&nbsp;Uta Merle,&nbsp;Oliver Heinze,&nbsp;Adonia Siegmann,&nbsp;Christoph Spinner,&nbsp;Alessandra Buiatti,&nbsp;Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz,&nbsp;Georg Schmidt,&nbsp;Eimo Martens","doi":"10.1007/s10389-021-01655-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01655-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The goal is to design and, in a next step, establish a scalable, multi-center telemonitoring platform based on existing systems for monitoring COVID-19 patients in home quarantine. In particular, the focus will be on raw data acquisition, integration of sensor data into the hospital system, structured data storage, and interoperability.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>Data necessary for monitoring, otherwise provided in various portals, will be continuously queried and integrated into the hospital system via a new interface in this proof-of-concept work.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on extensive preliminary work at Klinikum rechts der Isar with a structured clinical database, we extend our system's integration of raw data and visualization in dashboards, as well as scientific provision of data from mobile sensors for monitoring patients in home quarantine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on existing integrated telemonitoring systems supporting semantic and syntactic interoperability, short-term provision of scientific databases is possible. The integration of different mobile sensors into a clinical system for remote monitoring of patients around the clock is still new and to our knowledge unique.</p>","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"93-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8518886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39532463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviors of Hormozgan residents toward COVID-19, one month after the epidemic in Iran.","authors":"Nahid Shahabi,&nbsp;Hesamaddin Kamalzadeh Takhti,&nbsp;Mehdi Hassani Azad,&nbsp;Roghayeh Ezati Rad,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Ghaffari,&nbsp;Shokrollah Mohseni,&nbsp;Teamur Aghamolaei,&nbsp;Fatemeh Norozian","doi":"10.1007/s10389-020-01454-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-020-01454-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>COVID-19 has become prevalent in the world since December 2019. The further prevalence of the disease can be prevented by correct management of society and increasing knowledge, practices, and attitudes of the people. The present research aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors of people in Hormozgan in the south of Iran toward COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>The present cross-sectional research was conducted over 2 months (March 2020-April 2020). The online questionnaire comprised four sections: demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward COVID-19. Knowledge included 36 items, attitude eight items, and behavior ten items. The collected data were analyzed statistically using SPSS ver. 22. The split-half method was used to test the reliability of knowledge and the estimated value was 0.84. That of attitude and behavior was estimated via Cronbach's alpha and was found to be 0.81 and 0.75, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total number of 2024 participants with an average age of 33.94 years took part in this research. Of all participants, 64.4% were female. According to the results, 65.8% enjoyed a good level of knowledge and 34.2% enjoyed an average level. In addition, 63.2% demonstrated a good attitude and 36.8% an average level. A large percentage of participants (90.6%) had good practices and only 9.4% had an average level of practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present findings show that participants had a relatively good level of knowledge, positive attitude, and good behavior concerning COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1565-1576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10389-020-01454-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38810309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case fatality rates of COVID-19 across the globe: are the current draconian measures justified?","authors":"Jayadevan Sreedharan,&nbsp;Satish Chandrasekhar Nair,&nbsp;Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil,&nbsp;Aji Gopakumar,&nbsp;Neena Thomas Eapen,&nbsp;Karthyayani Priya Satish,&nbsp;Venkatramana Manda","doi":"10.1007/s10389-021-01491-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01491-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The current study assessed the case fatality rate (CFR) across different income level countries of the world, and the virulence pattern of COVID-19, against the backdrop of panic and uncertainty faced by many governments, who are trying to impose draconian containment measures to control the outbreak. Subjects and Methods: Data on confirmed cases and number of deaths due to coronavirus infection were retrieved from the WHO as on 30 March 2020, and examined for the various income level countries, per the World Bank criteria. The CFR was calculated country-wise and estimated for the various groups such as low, lower-middle, upper-middle, and high-income, and the data was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall CFR for the high income countries was 5.0%, compared with a CFR of 2.8% for low-income countries. The upper-middle-income countries showed a CFR of 4.3%, while the lower-middle-income countries stood at 3.7%. The results from our study predict that the maximum CFR in high-income countries will be contained at approximately 5% (95% CI). The CFR for the low, lower-middle, and upper-middle-income countries will range between 2.8 and 4.3% (95% CI).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>COVID-19, irrespective of its transmissibility, produces a lower CFR compared with that of SARS-Cov and MERS-Cov, although COVID-19 has infected eight times more countries than MERS-Cov and SARS-Cov, and caused a higher number of deaths. The nation-wide lockdown measures to prevent the spread of the virus may be reconsidered, given the hardships for the population and their impact on the economic system.</p>","PeriodicalId":520829,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"2575-2583"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10389-021-01491-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25525559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}