The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge and use of women's health mobile apps among women and gynecologists: a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Marina Quaglio Oinegue Fulfaro, Carolina Villalba Moya Rodrigues, Cesar Eduardo Fernandes, Raphael Federicci Haddad, Isabela de Aguiar Marques, Luciano de Melo Pompei, Marcelo Luis Steiner","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2604035","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2604035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the adoption of mobile applications for menstrual cycle tracking and contraceptive management among women in Brazil and to assess the extent to which gynaecologists recommend these tools.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted using online structured questionnaires targeting premenopausal women (aged 18-50) and practicing gynaecologists in Brazil. The questionnaires collected information on demographics, knowledge, and usage of mobile health applications. Statistical analyses included Chi-square, Fisher and T-student tests, with significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 368 women and 241 physicians participated. Among the women, 147 reported using mobile health applications. Young women (≤24 years) were more likely to know about menstrual cycle applications (88.5% vs. 55%, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and use contraceptives (70% vs. 31%, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Most physicians (87%) reported familiarity with at least one mobile health application, recommending them primarily for menstrual cycle management. Notably, the applications recognised differed between physicians and patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Digital health tools are increasingly used by younger women in Brazil, highlighting their potential to improve access and health education in this context. Gynaecologists support these technologies for educational and contraceptive purposes, underscoring the need for improved alignment between medical recommendations and patient usage in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"140-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145777236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving access to postpartum contraception - a review of global guidelines with ESCRH consensus recommendations for Europe.","authors":"T Bombas, S Cameron, M Farris, C Furau, M Banovic, J C Quílez, G Grandi","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2576483","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2576483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contraceptive counselling should be an integral component of pregnancy care. The antenatal period represents a critical window of opportunity to discuss postpartum contraceptive options, enabling women to make informed reproductive health decisions. The evidence clearly demonstrates the importance of timely counselling and provision of effective postpartum contraception to optimise interpregnancy intervals and prevent unintended pregnancies and abortions. Routine antenatal counselling has been shown to be a feasible and effective alternative to traditional postnatal follow-up - which typically occurs several weeks after childbirth, often within the primary care setting -, and the woman's preferred contraceptive method should be provided before hospital discharge following delivery whenever possible. This study provides a narrative review and comparison of the most recent global guidelines on postpartum contraception and proposes recommendations for Europe based on a European Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health (ESCRH) consensus.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"113-128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145567055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertility awareness, reproductive autonomy and what people should know about having children.","authors":"Guido Pennings","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2620725","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2620725","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"160-162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146055902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of hormonal contraceptives containing estradiol, estradiol valerate, and estetrol on liver proteins, lipids, glucose, blood pressure, and bone. A literature review.","authors":"Angelo Cagnacci, Anjeza Xholli, Laura Gabbi, Alessia Russo, Rachele Pastorino, Ambrogio Pietro Londero","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2596612","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2596612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the metabolic profile induced by contraceptives containing body-identical oestrogens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was made for articles on contraceptives with oestradiol/nomegestrol acetate (E2/NOMAc), oestradiol valerate/dienogest (E2V/DNG), estetrol/drospirenone (E4/DRSP) and metabolic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three formulations induced a similar, slight but significant increase of liver proteins. Levels of angiotensinogen were measured only during E4/DRSP, and were significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Scanty data indicate a neutral effect of the three formulations on blood pressure. Lipids and lipoproteins were not modified by E2/NOMAc and E2V/DNG, while triglycerides slightly but significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) during E4/DRSP. Fasting glucose was unaffected by any association while fasting insulin increased during E2/NOMAc and E2V/DNG. Data were not reported for E4/DRSP. Insulin resistance was increased by E4/DRSP and not by E2V/DNG. Bone turnover was tested only in users of E2V/DNG. Markers of bone formation did not change while markers of bone absorption decreased. Bone mineral density (BMD) did not change after 6 months of E2V/DNG and after 2 years of E2/NOMAc. No data on BMD is available for users of E4/DRSP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The three contraceptive formulations exert a similar, almost neutral effect on metabolism and blood pressure. Only a slight increase of triglycerides and a decrease of insulin sensitivity emerged with the use of E4/DRSP. The few data on bone, suggest a neutral effect of E2V/DNG and E2/NOMAc. There is no data evaluating the effect of the contraceptive association of E4/DRSP on bone.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"82-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral contraceptives use and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.","authors":"Zhixing Zhao, Xiaoxiao Shi, Suna Liu, Ying Shi","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2599356","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2599356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Controversy persists regarding the association between oral contraceptives (OCs) use and breast cancer risk, with inconsistent findings from prior cohort studies. This study aimed to synthesise evidence on OCs use and breast cancer risk, including dose-response relationships.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) were searched through March 2025 for related prospective cohort studies. Eligibility criteria included female participants without baseline breast cancer, comparison of ever OCs users vs. never users, reported hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI), and at least 5 years of follow-up. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effects model was used to pool effect sizes, and a two-stage dose-response meta-analysis evaluated associations per decade of OCs use. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias tests were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen studies (6,390,250 women; 104,070 breast cancer cases) were included. Pooled HR for OCs users vs. non-users was 1.03 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.07), with a 95% prediction interval (PI): 0.91, 1.16. Sensitivity analyses confirmed consistency, and no publication bias was detected for sixteen studies. Initial dose-response meta-analysis (6 studies) showed a non-significant 6% HR increase per decade use (exp[coefficient] = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.16), with a 95% PI: 0.80, 1.41. Excluding one study by Dumeaux et al. revealed a significant 11% increase (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on sixteen studies, OCs ever-users were not significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Based on six limited studies, no strong dose-response relationship that warrants special attention has been identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"98-112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate versus delayed postpartum contraceptive implant on lactogenesis and breastfeeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Maria Julia Lemos, Laura Fonseca Queiroz, Isabella de Oliveira Ortiz, Giovanna Cristina de Castro Martin, Bruna Benigna Sales Armstrong, Davi Barbosa Pereira da Silva, Alessandra Peloggia","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2599357","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2599357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of immediate postpartum contraceptive implant insertion on lactogenesis, breastfeeding outcomes, maternal satisfaction, implant continuation, and pregnancy rates within six months after delivery.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the <i>Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions</i> and PRISMA guidelines. Randomised controlled trials comparing immediate (≤24 h after delivery) versus delayed (≥2 weeks postpartum) insertion of etonogestrel or levonorgestrel contraceptive implants were identified through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to October 2025. Random-effects models were used to pool results, and heterogeneity was assessed by the I² statistic. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025117074).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight randomised controlled trials including 881 postpartum women were analysed. Immediate insertion did not delay lactogenesis or reduce exclusive or any breastfeeding rates at six months. However, immediate insertion was associated with higher rates of exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months (RR = 1.25; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.52; <i>p</i> = 0.032) and any breastfeeding at 3 months (RR = 1.16; 95% CI -1.04 to 1.30; <i>p</i> = 0.007). Implant continuation at last follow-up was also higher with immediate insertion (RR= 1.44; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.75; <i>p</i> < 0.001). No differences were found for overall satisfaction or pregnancy within 6 months postpartum. Certainty of evidence was moderate to high for primary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of our meta-analysis suggest that immediate postpartum contraceptive implant insertion is safe, does not interfere with lactogenesis, and maintains breastfeeding performance. Compared with delayed insertion, it increases implant continuation rates and offers a convenient, effective, and acceptable postpartum contraceptive option, particularly relevant for settings with limited postpartum follow-up access.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"129-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the quality of life for patients undergoing treatment for venous thromboembolism is essential.","authors":"Ambrogio P Londero, Giovanni Bariallari, Angelo Cagnacci","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2546479","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2546479","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From hesitancy to hope: charting India's path to widespread HPV immunisation.","authors":"Gaurav Khastgir, Pradip Kumar Saha, Rashmi Bagga","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2575222","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2575222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer remains the leading gynaecological malignancy in India, with a disproportionate burden among underserved populations. Although HPV vaccines have been available since 2008, national coverage has been hindered by safety concerns, misinformation, sociocultural resistance, and logistical barriers.</p><p><strong>Recent developments & policy implications: </strong>The introduction of <i>Cervavac</i>, an indigenously developed quadrivalent HPV vaccine, marks a pivotal shift in India's immunisation landscape. By improving affordability and supply stability, Cervavac offers a sustainable path forward. State-led initiatives in Sikkim, Punjab, and Delhi highlight the effectiveness of school-based delivery and community mobilisation. Implementing HPV vaccination into the National Immunisation Schedule is a critical step. Leveraging infrastructure and strategies from the COVID-19 vaccination campaign, such as digital tracking, inter-sectoral coordination, and public trust-building, can enhance implementation at scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To achieve the WHO's cervical cancer elimination targets, India must pursue a dual approach: gender-neutral HPV vaccination alongside accessible, structured cervical screening programmes. A coordinated, evidence-based strategy is essential for equitable and sustained public health impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"53-58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family planning and contraception in women of reproductive age with systemic lupus erythematosus: a narrative review.","authors":"Mayara de Almeida Pereira, Thelma Skare, Renato Nisihara","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2570372","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2570372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus primarily affects women of reproductive age and is associated with increased maternal and foetal risks. Effective family planning is essential to prevent unplanned pregnancies and optimise outcomes. This narrative review aims to analyse the impact of SLE and its treatments on menstrual function, fertility, and contraceptive safety.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to evaluate the effects of SLE and commonly prescribed immunosuppressive therapies on reproductive health. The literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science from 2015 to 2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SLE and its treatments significantly influence menstrual cycles and fertility potential. Cyclophosphamide and methotrexate were identified as agents with marked gonadotoxic effects. Regarding contraception, oestrogen-containing methods pose substantial risks, particularly in women with antiphospholipid syndrome. In contrast, long-acting reversible contraceptives and progestin-only methods demonstrated favourable safety and efficacy and are recommended as first-line choices. Barriers to contraceptive access and adherence were also recognised as major challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individualised reproductive care is essential to support autonomy and improve maternal-foetal outcomes in women with SLE. Expanding access to safe contraceptive methods and addressing adherence barriers remain priorities to optimise reproductive health in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145357590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High inhibition ratio and transformation index of 2 mg dienogest: further evidence for its use in endometriosis treatment.","authors":"Pedro Viana Pinto, Marta Barretta, Giovanni Grandi","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2589998","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2589998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometriosis is a common, chronic disease with a high burden for women, characterised by the implantation of endometrial cells outside the uterus. Many different treatments have been proposed for this disease, mainly hormonal, with the objective of inducing amenorrhoea and a hypoestrogenic environment. Dienogest (DNG), a fourth-generation progestin, has received approval for the treatment of endometriosis in many countries. Its pharmacological properties make it especially attractive for the treatment of this disease. Several trials demonstrated the clinical efficacy in managing endometriosis-associated pain, preventing symptoms, and reducing lesion recurrence. Its efficacy has been proven both for deep infiltrative endometriosis and ovarian endometriosis, and its long-term safety and tolerability are also well established. Recently, the inhibition ratio and the transformation index for progestins have been proposed. DNG at the used dose of 2 mg/daily, with a transformation index of around 933% and a cyclical inhibition ratio of 200%, appears to have very specific progestin properties, unique among different molecules of the same groups, reinforcing its leading role in the treatment of endometriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145656610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}